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Effects of Increasing Levels of Nickel Contamination on Structure of Offshore Nematode Communities in Experimental Microcosms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hedfi A Mahmoudi E Boufahja F Beyrem H Aïssa P 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2007,79(3):345-349
A microcosm experiment was used to examine the effects of nickel on offshore nematode communities of a Tunisian coastal zone
(Southwestern Mediterranean Sea). Sediments were contaminated with three nickel concentrations [low (250 ppm), medium (550
ppm) and high (900 ppm)], and effects were examined after 30 days. Results showed significant differences between nematode
assemblages from undisturbed controls and those from nickel treatments. Most univariates measures, including diversity and
species richness, decreased significantly with increasing level of Ni contamination. Results from multivariate analyses of
the species abundance data demonstrated that responses of nematode species to the nickel treatments were varied: Leptonemella aphanothecae was eliminated at all the nickel doses tested and seemed to be intolerant species to nickel contamination; Daptonema normandicum, Neochromadora trichophora and Odontophora armata which significantly increased at 550 ppm nickel concentration appeared to be “opportunistic” species at this dose whereas
Oncholaimus campylocercoides and Bathylaimus capacosus which increased at all doses tested (250, 550 and 900 ppm) seemed to be “nickel-resistant” species. 相似文献
65.
Levels of four carcinogenic (Ni, Fe, Cu, Pb) and four anticarcinogenic (Zn, Se, Mn, Mg) trace elements were measured in hair samples from esophageal cancer patients, their unaffected family members, and members of families with no history of cancer. Measurements were also made in non-esophageal cancer patients, using atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-emission spectroscopy, and neutron activation analysis. The results showed that Ni and Cu concentrations were significantly higher and Mg and Mn concentrations were significantly lower in all cancer cases. Levels of Zn, Fe, Se, and Pb were not significantly different in the above-mentioned groups. In addition, the serum albumin fraction, which is reported to have antioxidant activity, was found to be significantly lower among esophageal cancer patients. 相似文献
66.
Zeinab Mahmoudi Mette Dencker Johansen Hanne Holdflod N?rgaard Steen Andersen Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard Lise Tarnow Jens Sandahl Christiansen Ole Hejlesen 《Journal of diabetes science and technology》2015,9(5):1092-1102
Background:
The use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in clinical decision making in diabetes could be limited by the inaccuracy of CGM data when compared to plasma glucose measurements. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of CGM numerical accuracy on the precision of diabetes treatment adjustments.Method:
CGM profiles with maximum 5-day duration from 12 patients with type 1 diabetes treated with a basal-bolus insulin regimen were processed by 2 CGM algorithms, with the accuracy of algorithm 2 being higher than the accuracy of algorithm 1, using the median absolute relative difference (MARD) as the measure of accuracy. During 2 separate and similar occasions over a 1-month interval, 3 clinicians reviewed the processed CGM profiles, and adjusted the dose level of basal and prandial insulin. The precision of the dosage adjustments were defined in terms of the interclinician agreement and the intraclinician reproducibility of the decisions. The Cohen’s kappa coefficient was used to assess the precision of the decisions. The study was based on retrospective and blind CGM data.Results:
For the interclinician agreement, in the first occasion, the kappa of algorithm 1 was .32, and that of algorithm 2 was .36. For the interclinician agreement, in the second occasion, the kappas of algorithms 1 and 2 were .17 and .22, respectively. For the intraclinician reproducibility of the decisions, the kappas of algorithm 1 were .35, .22, and .80 and the kappas of algorithm 2 were .44, .52, and .32, for the 3 clinicians, respectively. For the interclinician agreement, the relative kappa change from algorithm 1 to algorithm 2 was 86.06%, and for the intraclinician reproducibility, the relative kappa change from algorithm 1 to algorithm 2 was 53.99%.Conclusions:
Results indicated that the accuracy of CGM algorithms might potentially affect the precision of the CGM-based insulin adjustments for type 1 diabetes patients. However, a larger study with several clinical centers, with higher number of clinicians and patients is required to validate the impact of CGM accuracy on decisions precision. 相似文献67.
Arron Munggela Foma Saeed Aslani Jafar Karami Ahmadreza Jamshidi Mahdi Mahmoudi 《Inflammation research》2017,66(12):1057-1073
Background
Recent researches in the field of genetics have extended our knowledge through the discovery of genetic factors associated with autoimmune diseases (AID). Genetics by itself, however, cannot elucidate all the uncertainties encountered in the etiopathology of AID. On the other hand, incomplete harmony in the prevalence of AID in identical twins suggests that non-genetic factors may play an important role in determining the disease susceptibility. Besides, epigenetics, which is defined by changes in gene expression without a corresponding change in the DNA sequences, has come in to provide new awareness in the disease etiopathology by bridging the genetic and epigenetic factors. The recent advances in the field of epigenetics provide a new insight into the understanding of the disease mechanisms, development, diagnostic and prognostic approaches, as well as the various treatment methods.Purpose
This review paper aims to present an overview of epigenetic modifications involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and discuss their important roles in clinical and pharmacological settings, including novel and recent therapeutic applications.Results
Nowadays, it is believed that autoimmune diseases, such as SLE, begin when genetically susceptible factors associate with environmental triggers. The current therapeutic approaches for SLE treatment have been based on treatments with immunosuppressive drugs, which are linked to various side effects. It is difficult to develop highly effective treatments for SLE patients with minimal or no side effects, mainly due to the disease complexity. The breakthrough of pharmacoepigenetics provides a new approach to solve this problem. Epigenetic modifications can influence the efficacy of drugs by changing the gene expression through modifying chromatin remodeling. In this regard, epigenetic studies in SLE are expected to reveal novel disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.Conclusions
Accumulating evidence disclosed that epigenetic dysregulations are engaged in SLE pathogenesis and may be exerted as biomarkers to diagnose and as tools to treat these patients.68.
Atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric dysplasia are histologic premalignant lesions (PMLs). Correlation between the gastric endoscopic findings and histologic PMLs is not clear. This study was designed to determine the possible association of endoscopic findings and histologic PMLs.Over 28 months gastric endoscopic findings of consecutive rural patients with dyspepsia were categorized into 3 groups: 1—normal, 2—ulcerative with or without concurrent abnormality, 3—abnormal non-ulcerative. Biopsies of antrum and body were taken from all included patients and examined for the presence of histologic PMLs. Any mucosal abnormality was also biopsied.From 7340 evaluated patients, an overall of 1973 patients were included. 55.7% of patients were in group 1; 3.8% in group 2 and 40.5% in group 3. A within sex analysis showed that the majority of male patients were in PMLs subgroup (P < 0.001) likewise in groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.001). The prevalence of histologic PMLs in groups 2 and 3 was significantly higher than group 1 (P < 0:001) but the difference was not significant between groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.484). Mean (±SD) age of patient with PMLs was 50.25 ± 17.71 whereas in patients without PMLs was 41.16 ± 16.48 (P < 0.001).This study has showed that abnormal gastric endoscopic findings, male sex and increased age can be considered as risk factors of the formation of histologic PMLs. Until further investigations we propose that any abnormality on gastric mucosa (ulcerative or non-ulcerative) could be biopsied for the evaluation of probable histologic PMLs especially in old men. 相似文献
69.
Dramé M Lang PO Jolly D Narbey D Mahmoudi R Lanièce I Somme D Gauvain JB Heitz D Voisin T de Wazières B Gonthier R Ankri J Saint-Jean O Jeandel C Couturier P Blanchard F Novella JL 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2012,13(1):83.e17-83.e20
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify factors predictive of nursing home admission (NHA) over a period of 1 year among elderly subjects with dementia.MethodsThe study population was drawn from the SAFES cohort that was formed within a national research program into the recruitment of emergency departments in 9 teaching hospitals. Subjects were to have been hospitalized in a medical ward in the same hospital as the emergency department to which they were initially admitted. Subjects who experienced NHA before emergency department admission were excluded. Those with a confirmed diagnosis of dementia were considered in the present analysis. NHA has been defined as the incident admission into either a nursing home or other long term care facility within the follow-up period. Data obtained from a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment were used in a Cox model to predict 1-year NHA.ResultsThe 425 subjects of the study were 86 ± 6 years old, and were mainly women (63%). NHA rate was 40% (n = 172). Four factors were identified to increase NHA risk: age 85 or older (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1–2.1), inability to use the toilet (HR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.5–4.2), balance disorders (HR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1–2.1), and living alone (HR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1–2.1). Three factors decreased this risk significantly: inability to transfer (HR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.3–0.8), increased number of children (HR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.96–0.99), and increased initial Mini-Mental State Examination score (HR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.8–0.9).ConclusionNHA determinants in dementia are strongly linked to the patient’s own characteristics but also to his or her physical or social environment. Interventions should target both members of the dyad “patient-caregiver” because both are affected by the disease. 相似文献
70.
S Mahmoudi S Elikaee H Keshavarz B Pourakbari S Mamishi 《Iranian Journal of Parasitology》2012,7(2):87-91