肥厚性硬脊膜炎的诊断与治疗

肥厚性硬脊膜炎罕见，我院近年来收治２例，均经手术和病理证实。本病致瘫率高，预后差，临床表现不典型，容易误诊。复习国外有关文献，认为对无明显病因而发生脊髓压迫症，Ｘ线片上无异常改变者，应注意排除本病。脊髓造影和ＭＲＩ对本病的诊断颇有帮助。本病一旦确诊应及时手术治疗，以免脊髓发生不可逆的损害。     

Effects of a gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist on oocyte maturation,fertilization, and embryonal development in mice

Purpose The effects of a GnRH agonist (GnRHa) on oocyte quality were investigated by assessing the influence of GnRHa on oocytes, and fertilized oocytes were examined in vivo and in vitro. Administration of gonadotropin in conjunction with GnRHa induced a significantly greater degree of germinal vesicle breakdown, significantly higher rates of in vitro fertilization, and significantly faster development of the oocytes than with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin alone.Results The hatching-success rate in the GnRHa treated hypophysectomized mice was higher than in control mice. The rate of in vitro fertilization was also higher in oocytes cultured in the presence of low doses of GnRHa and these effects were reversed by a GnRH antagonist.Conclusion Oocytes obtained following ovarian stimulation with GnRHa were of higher quality than control oocytes, and the efficacy of GnRHa may be due in part to its direct action on the ovary.     

中医药治疗肿瘤的特点探微

通过比较中、西医治疗肿瘤的不同特点 ,认为西药治疗可以在较短时期内使瘤体迅速缩小或消退 ,近期有效率较高 ,但并不能使之完全消灭 ,仅能达到的也就是临床上的完全缓解而不是彻底清除癌细胞 ,故而复发和转移最终仍然难以避免。近年来兴起的基因治疗由于在体内易失活、治疗靶向性差及转染的致瘤性等问题尚未完全解决仍停留在实验阶段而未试用之临床。中医治疗以临床症状改善、生活质量提高及生存期延长的整体调控为特点 ,虽然近期有效率低 ,远期稳定率却高。但由于对相关证型标准及疗效的评价仍欠客观、规范 ,故而疗效容易受到怀疑 ;而作用机理的探讨也不够深入 ,从而影响了与国际的接轨。因此 ,开展相关方面的研究对于揭示中医药治疗肿瘤的奥秘将会产生积极作用。     

Relapsed and late-onset Nipah encephalitis

An outbreak of infection with the Nipah virus, a novel paramyxovirus, occurred among pig farmers between September 1998 and June 1999 in Malaysia, involving 265 patients with 105 fatalities. This is a follow-up study 24 months after the outbreak. Twelve survivors (7.5%) of acute encephalitis had recurrent neurological disease (relapsed encephalitis). Of those who initially had acute nonencephalitic or asymptomatic infection, 10 patients (3.4%) had late-onset encephalitis. The mean interval between the first neurological episode and the time of initial infection was 8.4 months. Three patients had a second neurological episode. The onset of the relapsed or late-onset encephalitis was usually acute. Common clinical features were fever, headache, seizures, and focal neurological signs. Four of the 22 relapsed and late-onset encephalitis patients (18%) died. Magnetic resonance imaging typically showed patchy areas of confluent cortical lesions. Serial single-photon emission computed tomography showed the evolution of focal hyperperfusion to hypoperfusion in the corresponding areas. Necropsy of 2 patients showed changes of focal encephalitis with positive immunolocalization for Nipah virus antigens but no evidence of perivenous demyelination. We concluded that a unique relapsing and remitting encephalitis or late-onset encephalitis may result as a complication of persistent Nipah virus infection in the central nervous system.     

氯诺昔康的HPLC分析

目的　考察不同试验条件下氯诺昔康及杂质的液相色谱行为 ,建立氯诺昔康有关物质及含量的HPLC测定方法。方法　以C18为色谱柱 ,0 .0 5mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液 (含 0 .0 5 %三乙胺 ,用氢氧化钾调节 pH值至 6 .8) 乙腈 甲醇 (6 3∶2 8∶9)为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 6 4nm。结果　线性关系r =0 .9999,重复性实验RSD为 1.1%(n =5 )。结论　此法简单、准确 ,可用于氯诺昔康的质量控制。     

盐酸多塞平异构体的非水毛细管电泳分离

目的　用非水毛细管电泳法分离盐酸多塞平异构体。方法　采用未涂层石英毛细管柱 (50 μm× 47cm ,有效分离长度为 40cm) ,以用 2 0 0mmol·L- 1 醋酸铵的甲醇 乙腈 (95∶5)溶液 (含 3 .0 %冰醋酸 )为运行缓冲液 ,压力进样 ,时间 4s,运行电压为 2 5kV ,检测波长为 2 54nm。结果　方法分离效率高 ,精密度和回收率较好 ,所选浓度范围内线性关系良好 ,r值为 0 .9998。结论　方法简单可靠 ,分析时间短 ,可有效分离盐酸多塞平异构体     

胶质细胞源性神经营养因子在小鼠生精恢复过程中的表达和意义

目的:分析并探讨胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)在小鼠恢复生精过程中的表达变化,及其与精原干细胞增殖与分化的关系。方法:间隔24 d 2次腹腔注射白消安建立小鼠生精恢复过程的动物模型。根据第二次给药后的不同时间随机分为1、2、3、4、6、8、10周共7组(8只/组),8只正常小鼠作对照组,分别于相应时点取材,进行光镜和电镜的研究。采用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测不同时间GDNF mRNA的表达变化;并采用原位杂交技术检测GDNFmRNA表达定位。结果:2次给药后第1-2周,GDNF mRNA的表达明显增强,在第2周达到高峰;在给药后第3-4周明显下降,并在第4周达到低谷;随后几周内表达又逐渐增强,于第10周恢复到正常水平。原位杂交显示,GDNF由sertoli细胞表达。结论:在小鼠生精恢复过程中,GDNF的高水平表达促进精原干细胞自我更新,对于维持生精上皮干细胞数量的稳定具有十分重要的意义。     

Facilitating effect of histamine on spatial memory deficits induced by dizocilpine as evaluated by 8-arm radial maze in SD rats

AIM: To investigate whether or not histamine is involved in spatial memory deficits induced by dizocilpine (MK-801) as evaluated by 8-arm radial maze of rats. METHODS: 8-Arm (4-arm baited) radial maze was used to measure spatial memory in rats. RESULTS: Bilaterally intrahippocampal (ih) injection of MK-801 (0.3 μg/site) impaired working memory and reference memory in rats. Both histamine (50, 100 ng/site, ih) and intraperitoneal (ip) injection of histidine (100, 200 mg/kg) markedly improved the spatial memory deficits induced by MK-801. On the other hand, the ameliorating effect of histidine (100 mg/kg, ip) was completely antagonized by α-fluoromethylhistidine (α-FMH, 5 μg/site, ih), a potent and selective histidine decarboxylase (HDC) inhibitor, and H_1-antagonist pyrilamine (1 μg/site, ih), but not by H_2-antagonist cimetidine, even at a high dose (2.5 μg/site, ih). CONCLUSION: The hippocampal histamine plays an important role in the ameliorating effect on MK-801-induced spatial memory deficits,     

母儿血型不合IgG抗体效价≥1：512是否提示胎儿病情严重

目的：探讨母儿血型不合IgG抗体效价≥1：512是否提示胎儿病情严重。方法：对6例血清IgG抗A（B）抗体效价≥1：512的母儿血型不合孕妇，进行羊膜腔穿刺抽样羊水作胆红素、IgG抗体效价和胎儿血型物质测定，抽取其新生儿脐血作胎儿血型、胆红素检测及Coombs试验。结果：孕妇血清IgG抗体效价与新生儿溶血病的严重程度并不密切相关。结论：不能单纯以孕妇血清抗体效价的高低作为判断胎儿溶血的唯一依据。