Detection and characterization of MRI breast lesions using deep learning

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of a deep learning model to discriminate between benign and malignant breast lesions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and characterize different histological subtypes of breast lesions.

‘I can tell when you’re staring at my glass …’: self- or co-surveillance? Couples’ management of risks related to alcohol use during pregnancy

Social researchers have largely used the framework of self-surveillance to describe the experience of pregnant women within a social context characterised by risk avoidance for the sake of their baby. However, men’s positions regarding the risk discourses surrounding alcohol use during pregnancy and their engagement in their partners’ regulation of abstinence remain unclear. Using a socio-cultural approach to risk perception, this study contributes to the understanding of the lay management of health-related risk as a relational issue by considering the couple relationship as a significant context that shapes responses to risk in everyday life. In this article, I explore the woman’s and her partner’s management of the risks surrounding alcohol consumption during pregnancy. This study draws on joint interviews with 30 first-time expectant couples conducted in 2014 in Switzerland. I found that all the women’s changes of their drinking had been their personal choice and had been seldom discussed with their partners. While women’s responses to risk discourses reflected their engagement in self-surveillance, most of the men were actively involved in their partners’ self-regulation, in terms of support for the transition to abstinence, endorsement of maternal responsibility, and monitoring the woman’s behaviour. I show that the management of the risks related to alcohol consumption was a matter of co-surveillance, rather than of self-surveillance. Although co-surveillance was most often experienced as shared responsibility, some couples experienced conflicts that emphasised the moral meaning of risk related to alcohol consumption during pregnancy.     

Standardizing Postoperative Complications—Validating the Clavien-Dindo Complications Classification in Cardiac Surgery

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Bi-allelic pathogenic variations in DNAJB11 cause Ivemark II syndrome,a renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia

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Review of Over 15 Years Postmarketing Safety Surveillance Spontaneous Data for the Human Rotavirus Vaccine (Rotarix) on Intussusception

Introduction

Rotavirus (RV) is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age worldwide, and vaccination reduces the disease burden. Evidence from postmarketing surveillance studies suggested an increased risk of intussusception (IS) in infants post-RV vaccination. An overall positive benefit–risk balance for the human RV vaccine (HRV) Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline [GSK], Belgium) has been established and recent findings indicate an indirect effect of reduced IS over the long term.

Objective

The aim of this study was to discuss spontaneous data from the GSK worldwide safety database on IS post-Rotarix administration.

Methods

The database was reviewed for all spontaneous IS cases from 2004 to 2020. Additionally, an observed versus expected (O/E) analysis was done for adverse events attributed to IS. Data were reviewed as overall worldwide and stratified by region (Europe/USA/Japan) and dose.

Results

A male predominance of IS patients was observed, consistent with earlier reports. The most frequently reported events in confirmed IS cases (Brighton Collaboration Working Group [BCWG] level 1) with time to onset ≤ 30 days post-vaccination were vomiting (55.8%), haematochezia (47.2%), and crying (21.1%). The observations from the IS spontaneous cases review and results of the O/E analysis are consistent with the known IS safety profile of RV vaccines: a transient increased incidence of IS post-vaccination (primarily in Europe/Japan/worldwide), mostly within 7 days postdose 1.

Conclusion

Since the outcomes of early IS management are favourable over delayed management, healthcare professionals should inform parents about the importance of seeking immediate medical advice in case of unusual behaviour of the vaccinated infant. GSK continues to monitor the IS risk post-Rotarix administration through routine pharmacovigilance activities.

Graphic abstract