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131.
Tony Wawina-Bokalanga Bert Vanmechelen Valentine Lhermitte Joan Martí-Carreras Valentijn Vergote Fara Raymond Koundouno Joseph Akoi-Bor Ruth Thom Tom Tipton Kimberley Steeds Kita Balla Moussa Ablam Amento Lies Laenen Sophie Duraffour Martin Gabriel Paula Ruibal Yper Hall Mandy Kader-Kond Stephan Günther Guy Baele Cesar Muoz-Fontela Johan Van Weyenbergh Miles W. Carroll Piet Maes 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(1):76
We investigated the genetic profiles of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) in Ebola virus–infected patients. We studied the relationship between KIR–human leukocyte antigen (HLA) combinations and the clinical outcomes of patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD). We genotyped KIRs and HLA class I alleles using DNA from uninfected controls, EVD survivors, and persons who died of EVD. The activating 2DS4–003 and inhibitory 2DL5 genes were significantly more common among persons who died of EVD; 2DL2 was more common among survivors. We used logistic regression analysis and Bayesian modeling to identify 2DL2, 2DL5, 2DS4–003, HLA-B-Bw4-Thr, and HLA-B-Bw4-Ile as probably having a significant relationship with disease outcome. Our findings highlight the importance of innate immune response against Ebola virus and show the association between KIRs and the clinical outcome of EVD. 相似文献
132.
133.
Edward A. Sykes Madeline Lemke Daniel Potter Terry Li Zuhaib M. Mir Guy Sheahan Vincent Wu Boris Zevin 《Canadian journal of surgery》2021,64(1):E59
BackgroundSquare knots can be difficult to construct in deep body cavities. The reversing half-hitch alternating post (RHAP) surgical knot has noninferior tensile strength and performance characteristics in deep body cavities. We compared the enterotomy repairs of novice learners in simulated deep body cavities using RHAP versus square knots after proficiency-based training.MethodsUndergraduate students were randomized to RHAP (n = 10) or square knot (n = 10) groups and trained to defined proficiency. They then performed hand-sewn enterotomy repairs of cadaveric porcine small bowels on flat surfaces and in simulated deep body cavities. We recorded time to knot-tying proficiency and to enterotomy repair, and burst pressures for the repair.ResultsMean time-to-proficiency in knot tying was equivalent between the RHAP and square knot groups (23 [standard deviation (SD) 3] v. 21 [SD 2] min, p = 0.33). Mean time for enterotomy repair in deep cavities was shorter for the RHAP group (16 [SD 2] min v. 21 [SD 1] min, p = 0.02). Mean burst pressures for enterotomy repair were equivalent on flat surfaces (128 [SD 41] v. 101 [SD 36] mm Hg, p = 0.31), and were significantly higher for the RHAP group in simulated deep body cavities (32 [SD 13] v. 105 [SD 37] mm Hg, p = 0.05).ConclusionThe RHAP knots appear to have superior performance versus square knots when tied in a deep body cavity by novice learners. Future work should focus on demonstrating the clinical relevance and broad utility of the RHAP knot in abdominal surgery. Both knot types should be taught to novice learners. 相似文献
134.
Ronit Calderon-Margalit Oren Pleniceanu Dorit Tzur Michal Stern-Zimmer Arnon Afek Tomer Erlich Guy Verhovsky Lital Keinan-Boker Karl Skorecki Gilad Twig Asaf Vivante 《Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN》2021,32(2):495
BackgroundIncreasing cancer incidence among children alongside improved treatments has resulted in a growing number of pediatric cancer survivors. Despite childhood cancer survivors’ exposure to various factors that compromise kidney function, few studies have investigated the association between childhood cancer and future kidney disease.MethodsTo assess the risk of ESKD among childhood cancer survivors, we conducted a nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study that encompassed all Israeli adolescents evaluated for mandatory military service from 1967 to 1997. After obtaining detailed histories, we divided the cohort into three groups: participants without a history of tumors, those with a history of a benign tumor (nonmalignant tumor with functional impairment), and those with a history of malignancy (excluding kidney cancer). This database was linked to the Israeli ESKD registry to identify incident ESKD cases. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of ESKD.ResultsOf the 1,468,600 participants in the cohort, 1,444,345 had no history of tumors, 23,282 had a history of a benign tumor, and 973 had a history of malignancy. During a mean follow-up of 30.3 years, 2416 (0.2%) participants without a history of tumors developed ESKD. Although a history of benign tumors was not associated with an increased ESKD risk, participants with a history of malignancy exhibited a substantially elevated risk for ESKD compared with participants lacking a history of tumors, after controlling for age, sex, enrollment period, and paternal origin (adjusted HR, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 7.7).ConclusionsChildhood cancer is associated with an increased risk for ESKD, suggesting the need for tighter and longer nephrological follow-up. 相似文献
135.
136.
Bernloehr C Bossow S Ungerechts G Armeanu S Neubert WJ Lauer UM Bitzer M 《Virus research》2004,99(2):193-197
Recombinant Sendai virus vectors (SeVV) have become an attractive tool for basic virological as well as for gene transfer studies. However, to (i) reduce the cellular injury induced by basic recombinant SeV vectors (encoding all six SeV genes as being present in SeV wild-type (wt) genomes) and to (ii) improve SeV vector safety, deletions of viral genes are necessary for the construction of superior SeVV generations. As a strong expression system recombinant replication-incompetent adenoviruses, coding for SeV proteins hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN), fusion (F), or matrix (M), were generated and successfully employed for the propagation of single gene deleted (DeltaHN, DeltaF, DeltaM) recombinant SeVV. Further investigations of the propagation procedures required for single gene deleted recombinant SeVV demonstrated (i) modifications of the cell culture medium composition as well as (ii) incubation with vitamin E as crucial steps for the enhancement of SeVV-DeltaHN, -DeltaF, or -DeltaM viral particle yield. Such optimized propagation procedures even led to a successful propagation of HN-deleted viral particles (SeVV-DeltaHN), which has not been reported before. 相似文献
137.
It is generally accepted that the stratum corneum (SC) is the least permeable layer of the epidermis. Histologically, though, the SC is a non-uniform, inhomogeneous membrane, and the question "Is barrier function distributed uniformly across the SC thickness?" has been posed. To address this issue, human ventral forearm SC has been studied in vivo by attenuated-total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy during the course of sequential tape-stripping. Because the intercellular lipids of the SC and the degree of hydration of the membrane have been shown to be crucial determinants of barrier function, attention has been focused on the spectral features, which report specifically on these parameters. The degree of disorder of the SC intercellular lipids has been found to decrease over the outer cell layers (up to three tape-strips) and then to remain essentially constant. The amount of lipids decreases similarly such that a 60% reduction (relative to the "no-strip" baseline) is observed after about four tape-strips. A plausible explanation for these measurements is that the lipids near the surface are a mixture of (a) "true" intercellular lipid (which is expected to be highly ordered), and (b) sebaceous lipid (which contains much greater amounts of low-melting components, such as fatty acids). The sequential infrared (IR) spectra provide at least circumstantial evidence to support this hypothesis. As expected, the IR spectra show that SC hydration increases from the surface towards the SC-stratum granulosum interface. Taken together, the results imply that the SC is indeed non-uniform. The properties of the outer layers (those removed by the first 3-4 tape-strips) change significantly with increasing depth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
138.
Gregory P. Sutton John A. Blessing Guy Photopulos Michael L. Berman Howard D. Homesley 《Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology》1990,26(Z1):S55-S58
Starting in July 1985, the Gynecologic Oncology Group conducted a series of phase II trials with ifosfamide/mesna in advanced or recurrent gynecologic malignancies. Previously untreated patients received 1.5 g/m2 i.v. ifosfamide daily for 5 days. Mesna was given i.v. q4h×3 following ifosfamide; each dose was 20% of the daily ifosfamide dose. All patients with ovarian and 87% of those with cervical cancer had previously undergone platinum-based therapy. Because of the toxicity encountered in previously treated patients with ovarian carcinoma, the dose of ifosfamide was reduced to 1.2 g/m2 daily in all patients who had received prior chemo- or radiotherapy. In epithelial ovarian carcinoma, responses were observed in 8 (20.0%) of 41 evaluable patiens, with 3 (7.0%) complete responses. Response duration was 2.1–20.3+ months, with a median of 6.9+ months. In squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix, 3 (11.1%) of 27 evaluable patients showed partial responses of 1.8, 2.2, and 3.1 months' duration. Of 26 untreated patients with mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus, 5 (19.2%) achieved complete and 3 (11.5%) showed partial responses, for an overall response rate of 30.7%. Response duration was 1.4+-8.6 months, with a median of 3.8 months. Toxicity included two deaths due to renal insufficiency and a third related to neurologic impairment. Hematologic toxicity was manageable. Ifosfamide/mesna has activity in a wide range of gynecologic malignancies.Presented at the Satellite Symposium Ifosfamide in Gynecological Tumors of the 5th European Conference on Clinical Oncology and Cancer Nursing, London, September 3–7, 1989 相似文献
139.
Copy number of the 16S rRNA gene in Coxiella burnetii 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium with a doubling time of 5–7 hours. Chromosomal DNA from C. burnetii was digested with various restriction enzymes previously determined to not cut within the genomic 16S rRNA gene, or with a combination of these noncutting enzymes in conjunction with AflIII, a restriction enzyme that cuts twice within the 16S rRNA gene. Restriction fragments were resolved electrophoretically and probed with a radiolabeled DNA fragment containing the 3 AflIII portion of the C. burnetii 16S rRNA gene. Only a single DNA fragment in these digests hybridized to the probe, indicating that there is a single genomic copy of the 16S rRNA gene in C. burnetii and thus only a single copy of the rRNA operon. 相似文献
140.
Graham C. Smith Michael H. Winterborn Christopher M. Taylor Nigel Lawson Mark Guy 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1994,8(2):148-150
Retinol-binding protein (RBP) is a low molecular weight protein freely filtered at the glomerulus. The fractional tubular reabsorption of RBP is 99.97% and increased excretion is therefore a sensitive marker of tubular dysfunction. We obtained early-morning urine specimens from 151 well children, from newborn to 16 years of age. RBP was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, albumin by a radioimmunoassay and creatinine by a modified Jaffé reaction. Protein excretion was assessed by calculating the protein: creatinine ratio for early-morning urine samples. We found a fall in both RBP and albumin excretion with increasing age, particularly in the 1st year of life, with a much wider variation in values from the infants studied. The mean excretion of RBP for children aged 0–6 months [51.4 (0.6–4,719) g/mmol] was significantly higher (P<0.001) than the mean for children aged 6 months to 16-years [15.0 (3.8–60) g/mmol]. It has been shown that measurement of tubular proteinuria using the RBP: creatinine ratio is useful in the assessment of children with renal disease and we propose a value two standard deviations above the geometric mean for the age of the patient as an upper limit of normal. 相似文献