全文获取类型
收费全文 | 195篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 21篇 |
儿科学 | 2篇 |
妇产科学 | 10篇 |
基础医学 | 16篇 |
临床医学 | 22篇 |
内科学 | 21篇 |
神经病学 | 3篇 |
特种医学 | 7篇 |
外科学 | 11篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 43篇 |
眼科学 | 4篇 |
药学 | 7篇 |
中国医学 | 5篇 |
肿瘤学 | 34篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 11篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 28篇 |
2011年 | 17篇 |
2010年 | 7篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 12篇 |
2007年 | 17篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 7篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有207条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Leufkens AM Van Duijnhoven FJ Boshuizen HC Siersema PD Kunst AE Mouw T Tjønneland A Olsen A Overvad K Boutron-Ruault MC Clavel-Chapelon F Morois S Krogh V Tumino R Panico S Polidoro S Palli D Kaaks R Teucher B Pischon T Trichopoulou A Orfanos P Goufa I Peeters PH Skeie G Braaten T Rodríguez L Lujan-Barroso L Sánchez-Pérez MJ Navarro C Barricarte A Zackrisson S Almquist M Hallmans G Palmqvist R Tsilidis KK Khaw KT Wareham N Gallo V Jenab M Riboli E Bueno-de-Mesquita HB 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2012,130(3):622-630
Existing evidence is inconclusive on whether socioeconomic status (SES) and educational inequalities influence colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, and whether low or high SES/educational level is associated with developing CRC. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between educational level and CRC. We studied data from 400,510 participants in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) study, of whom 2,447 developed CRC (colon: 1,551, rectum: 896, mean follow-up 8.3 years). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis stratified by age, gender and center, and adjusted for potential confounders were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Relative indices of inequality (RII) for education were estimated using Cox regression models. We conducted separate analyses for tumor location, gender and geographical region. Compared with participants with college/university education, participants with vocational secondary education or less had a nonsignificantly lower risk of developing CRC. When further stratified for tumor location, adjusted risk estimates for the proximal colon were statistically significant for primary education or less (HR 0.73, 95%CI 0.57-0.94) and for vocational secondary education (HR 0.76, 95%CI 0.58-0.98). The inverse association between low education and CRC risk was particularly found in women and Southern Europe. These associations were statistically significant for CRC, for colon cancer and for proximal colon cancer. In conclusion, CRC risk, especially in the proximal colon, is lower in subjects with a lower educational level compared to those with a higher educational level. This association is most pronounced in women and Southern Europe. 相似文献
42.
Rolf Jorde Monica Sneve Nina Emaus Yngve Figenschau Guri Grimnes 《European journal of nutrition》2010,49(7):401-407
Purpose
The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are lower in obese than lean subjects. The present study examines the cross-sectional and longitudinal relations between body mass index (BMI) and serum 25(OH)D, and the serum 25(OH)D response to vitamin D supplementation in relation to BMI.Methods
The Tromsø study is a longitudinal population-based multipurpose study. The fourth survey was conducted in 1994 and the sixth in 2008. The intervention study was a 1-year placebo-controlled randomized intervention trial, where the results from the 93 subjects given 40,000 IU per week are presented.Results
A total of 10,229 subjects were included in the 2008 cross-sectional study. There was a significant negative association between serum 25(OH)D levels and BMI which was also present during the winter months. Serum 25(OH)D levels varied through seasons, but not BMI. In the longitudinal study from 1994 to 2008 which included 2,656 subjects, change in BMI was a significant negative predictor of change in 25(OH)D. In the intervention study, there was a significant and negative correlation between BMI and serum 25(OH)D both at baseline and at the end of the study. The increase in serum 25(OH)D after 1 year was significantly and inversely related to baseline BMI.Conclusions
We have confirmed the strong association between serum 25(OH)D and BMI. The very obese need higher vitamin D doses than lean subjects to achieve the same serum 25(OH)D levels. 相似文献43.
Heinz Freisling Pedro T. Pisa Pietro Ferrari Graham Byrnes Aurelie Moskal Christina C. Dahm Anne-Claire Vergnaud Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Guy Fagherazzi Claire Cadeau Tilman Kühn Jasmine Neamat-Allah Brian Buijsse Heiner Boeing Jytte Halkjær Anne Tjonneland Camilla P. Hansen J. Ramón Quirós Noémie Travier Esther Molina-Montes Pilar Amiano José M. Huerta Aurelio Barricarte Kay-Tee Khaw Nicholas Wareham Tim J. Key Dora Romaguera Yunxia Lu Camille M. Lassale Androniki Naska Philippos Orfanos Antonia Trichopoulou Giovanna Masala Valeria Pala Franco Berrino Rosario Tumino Fulvio Ricceri Maria Santucci de Magistris H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Marga C. Ocké Emily Sonestedt Ulrika Ericson Mattias Johansson Guri Skeie Elisabete Weiderpass Tonje Braaten Petra H. M. Peeters Nadia Slimani 《European journal of nutrition》2016,55(6):2093-2104
44.
45.
Are smoking and other lifestyle factors associated with female urinary incontinence? The Norwegian EPINCONT Study 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Hannestad YS Rortveit G Daltveit AK Hunskaar S 《BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology》2003,110(3):247-254
Objective To examine whether modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking, obesity, physical activity and intake of alcohol or caffeinated drinks were associated with urinary incontinence in women.
Design Cross sectional population-based study.
Setting The Norwegian Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trøndelag (EPINCONT) Study is part of a large survey performed in a county in Norway during 1995–1997.
Population Women ≥20 years ( n = 34,755, 75% of the invited) attended the first part of the survey and received the questionnaire. There were 27,936 (80% of source population) women who completed the incontinence part of the questionnaire.
Methods Questionnaire covering several health topics including urinary incontinence was received at a screening station. Logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding and to establish associations with the different outcomes under investigation: any incontinence, severe incontinence and stress, urge and mixed subtypes.
Main outcome measures Effect measure were odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
Results Former and current smoking was associated with incontinence, but only for those who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day. Severe incontinence was weakly associated with smoking regardless of number of cigarettes. The association between increasing body mass index and incontinence was strong and present for all subtypes. Increasing levels of low intensity physical activity had a weak and negative association with incontinence. Tea drinkers were at slightly higher risk for all types of incontinence. We found no important effects of high intensity physical activity, intake of alcohol or coffee.
Conclusions Several potentially modifiable lifestyle factors are associated with urinary incontinence. Highest odds ratios were found for body mass index, heavy smoking and tea drinking. 相似文献
Design Cross sectional population-based study.
Setting The Norwegian Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trøndelag (EPINCONT) Study is part of a large survey performed in a county in Norway during 1995–1997.
Population Women ≥20 years ( n = 34,755, 75% of the invited) attended the first part of the survey and received the questionnaire. There were 27,936 (80% of source population) women who completed the incontinence part of the questionnaire.
Methods Questionnaire covering several health topics including urinary incontinence was received at a screening station. Logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding and to establish associations with the different outcomes under investigation: any incontinence, severe incontinence and stress, urge and mixed subtypes.
Main outcome measures Effect measure were odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
Results Former and current smoking was associated with incontinence, but only for those who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day. Severe incontinence was weakly associated with smoking regardless of number of cigarettes. The association between increasing body mass index and incontinence was strong and present for all subtypes. Increasing levels of low intensity physical activity had a weak and negative association with incontinence. Tea drinkers were at slightly higher risk for all types of incontinence. We found no important effects of high intensity physical activity, intake of alcohol or coffee.
Conclusions Several potentially modifiable lifestyle factors are associated with urinary incontinence. Highest odds ratios were found for body mass index, heavy smoking and tea drinking. 相似文献
46.
47.
48.
INTRODUCTION: Although the role of immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions in allergic rhinitis is well known, the relative contribution of sensory nerves to the symptoms of rhinitis is uncertain. This study looked at the level of specific neuronal markers including the nerve marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), sensory and autonomic neuropeptides, the capsaicin/heat receptor TRPV1, and nerve growth factor (NGF) in patients with allergic rhinitis and controls and their correlation with nasal sensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients (23 controls, 17 rhinitis) having nasal surgery were recruited. Nasal sensitivity was tested using graded monofilaments. Inferior turbinate biopsies were collected and studied using immunohistology, with measurement of nerve fibers by direct observation or computerized image analysis. RESULTS: Nerve fibers (PGP 9.5) in the epithelium, subepithelium, and glandular/vascular regions were significantly increased in allergic rhinitis (P=.037, <.01, and .04, respectively), as were subepithelial and glandular/vascular fibers immunoreactive for neuropeptide substance P (P=.04 subepithelium; .02 glandular/vascular) and neuropeptide tyrosine (P<.01 glandular/vascular), markers for sensory and sympathetic nerves, respectively. TRPV1 epithelial fiber counts were higher in rhinitis, but this was not statistically significant. Epithelial NGF immunoreactivity (% area) was significantly increased in rhinitis (P=.027). Nasal sensitivity was correlated significantly with PGP 9.5 subepithelial innervation (control touch P=.023, irritation P=.046; rhinitis touch P=.042, irritation P=.043). A correlation was also observed between epithelial NGF and subepithelial PGP 9.5 innervation, which included all subjects (P=.044). CONCLUSION: The increased number and specific phenotypical changes of sensory nerves may play a role in nasal hypersensitivity and provide new targets for the treatment of rhinitis. 相似文献
49.
Mireia Obón-Santacana Leila Luján-Barroso Heinz Freisling Sabine Naudin Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Francesca Romana Mancini Vinciane Rebours Tilman Kühn Verena Katzke Heiner Boeing Anne Tjønneland Anja Olsen Kim Overvad Cristina Lasheras Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco Pilar Amiano Carmen Santiuste Eva Ardanaz Kay-Thee Khaw Nicholas J. Wareham Julie A. Schmidt Dagfinn Aune Antonia Trichopoulou Paschalis Thriskos Eleni Peppa Giovanna Masala Sara Grioni Rosario Tumino Salvatore Panico Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Veronica Sciannameo Roel Vermeulen Emily Sonestedt Malin Sund Elisabete Weiderpass Guri Skeie Carlos A. González Elio Riboli Eric J. Duell 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(1):76-84
Four epidemiologic studies have assessed the association between nut intake and pancreatic cancer risk with contradictory results. The present study aims to investigate the relation between nut intake (including seeds) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazards ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for nut intake and PDAC risk. Information on intake of nuts was obtained from the EPIC country-specific dietary questionnaires. After a mean follow-up of 14 years, 476,160 participants were eligible for the present study and included 1,283 PDAC cases. No association was observed between consumption of nuts and PDAC risk (highest intake vs nonconsumers: HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.72–1.10; p-trend = 0.70). Furthermore, no evidence for effect-measure modification was observed when different subgroups were analyzed. Overall, in EPIC, the highest intake of nuts was not statistically significantly associated with PDAC risk. 相似文献
50.
Blom Ellen Eimhjellen Aadland Eivind Skrove Guri Kaurstad Solbraa Ane Kristiansen Oldervoll Line Merethe 《Quality of life research》2020,29(11):3031-3041
Quality of Life Research - The long-term impact of primary care behavior change programs on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and physical activity (PA) level is unknown. The aim of this study... 相似文献