大黄素荧光特性对荧光分析的影响

目的观察大黄素的荧光光谱特性,以探讨其在平滑肌细胞中干预后对荧光分析的影响。方法在体外培养平滑肌细胞中．加入大黄素干预后,对细胞周期、活性氧簇测定以及Annexin V标记等进行荧光分析方法的观察。采用激光共聚焦观察大黄素在细胞内的分布。结果大黄素的最大激发波长为400-465nm,最大发射波长为515-525nm。大黄素对绿色荧光有明显影响,而对红色荧光方法影响轻微。激光共聚焦显示大黄素在细胞内有选择性分布。结论大黄素的绿色荧光特性既可能干扰绿色荧光分析,但也能具有新的用途。     

203例外伤性化脓性眼内炎病因分析

目的探讨外伤性化脓性眼内炎的流行病学特点。方法对1999年5月至2005年4月在复旦大学附属跟耳鼻喉科医院住院治疗的外伤性化脓性眼内炎患者的资料进行回顾性分析。结果共203例,203眼; 男170例,女33例;右眼107眼,左眼96眼;年龄1-72岁,平均为(23．6±17．2)岁;以1-5岁组及6-10岁组发病率最高,均为17．2％,其次为31-35岁组(10．8％)。职业上,从事建筑等工作的外来务工者最多(38．4％),学龄前儿童23．2％,中小学生21．2％,农民14．3％,其他3．0％;行眼球清创缝合术的共104例,最早者伤后5 h手术,最晚者伤后1周,24 h以内手术的79例,24 h以上手术的25例。合并球内异物者共50例,18例于24 h内取出,32例于24 h后取出。致伤物中金属穿通伤最多(33．0％,P<0．01),其次由多至少分别为一次性注射器针头、铁屑等球内异物、植物穿通伤、钝挫伤致眼球破裂、石头泥浆等穿通伤、铅笔纸板等穿通伤、爆炸伤、动物伤、致伤物不明和角膜溃疡。104例发生于农村,99例发生于城镇。结论金属穿通伤是外伤性化脓性眼内炎的主要发病因素,预防宣教的重点人群是男性儿童及青壮年外来务工者。     

不产色素的沙雷氏菌(Serrutia marcesees)接合株的色素和生物活性谱

沙雷氏菌能产生特征性的红色色素,叫做灵红菌素(Prodigiosin),它系由4-甲氧基-2,2-二吡咯-5羧基醛[4-methoxy--2,2’一bipyrrole-S-carboxaldehyde(MB-C)]和2-甲基-3-戊基吡咯[2-methyl-3-am-ylpyrrole(MAP)]酶性缩合而成。对多种抗生素耐药的许多临床分离株是不产生色素的,然而产色素(或不产色素)的细菌与耐药性之间的关系尚末阐明。本文叙述了由二株不产色素的变株WF和933在细胞与细胞直接接触下获得的接合株（HQCS和HQCL）的色素合成能力。突变种WF产生MAP,而933产生MBC,在遗传转移之后,重组菌落是红色的,说明色素的合成能力得到了成功的转移。接合株的生物活性谱表明它们从亲本菌株那里继承了对多粘菌素B（Polymy-xinB）和氯霉素（Chloramphenicol）的耐药性,从产色素的接合株提取到的色素的紫外可见光吸收光谱和高效液相色谱（HPLC）更进一步提供了有力的证明。由接合株产生的色素类似于野生株08产生的灵红菌素,也类似于共营合成的灵红菌素。色素的合成能力和耐药性是否可能同时转移的问题尚待进一步的研究。     

兔眼角膜基质内注射两性霉素B的安全性评价

目的 探讨兔眼角膜基质内注射两性霉素B的安全性,寻找角膜基质内注射两性霉素B的安全浓度.方法 健康家兔20只(40眼)按随机数字表法分为5组(每组8眼).A组:角膜基质内注射0.1 ml平衡盐溶液(BSS);B、C、D、E组角膜基质内分别注射0.1 ml浓度为5、10、15、20 μg/0.1 ml的两性霉素B注射液,每4天注射1次,共注射5次.观察角膜透明性、上皮完整性、角膜新生血管生长情况,测鼍角膜厚度,第5次注射后30 d处死动物,行角膜病理组织学检查、内皮细胞活性率测定及角膜内皮超微结构观察.结果 兔角膜基质内注射浓度为5、10μg/0.1 ml的两性霉素B注射液后不影响兔角膜正常生理功能,角膜透明、上皮完整,角膜内皮细胞无异常,与BSS组比较,未见明显差异(P>0.05).15、20 μg/0.1 ml浓度组,角膜出现明显水肿,角膜上皮脱落,严重的角膜新生血管长入,与BSS组比较,差异显著(P<0.05).结论 角膜基质内注射药物可能是一种可选择的、简单易行的给药途经.两性霉素B的药物浓度在5μg/0.1 ml、用量在0.1 ml范围内是安全的;两性霉素B的药物浓度在10 μg/0.1 ml、用量0.1 ml可能安全.角膜基质内注射安全浓度的两性霉素B可能是治疗顽同真菌性角膜溃疡的一种较好选择.     

重组腺病毒CD82/KAI1对小鼠子宫基质细胞内α5、β3、MMP-9、E-cadherin和β-catenin蛋白表达的影响

目的 研究CD82/KAI1对着床窗口期小鼠子宫基质细胞内整合素α5、β3、MMP-9、E-cadherin和β-catenin蛋白表达的影响.方法 采用基因工程技术,构建CD82/KAI1腺病毒;用免疫细胞化学技术观察妊娠小鼠子宫基质细胞感染CD82/KAI1腺病毒后,细胞内α、β3、MMP-9、E-cadherin和β-catenin的表达变化情况.结果 ①构建的小鼠重组腺病毒的滴度达到6.5×1012pfu/ml,感染原代培养的小鼠子宫基质细胞48 h后,CD82/KAI1蛋白有明显表达.②妊娠4 d的小鼠子宫基质细胞中E-cadberin、β-catenin、α5、MMP-9均有表达,没有检测到β3的表达;对照组未妊娠小鼠细胞中均没有检测到E-cadherin、β-catenin、α5、MMP-9和β3的表达.③与导空腺病毒组相比,妊娠4 d的小鼠子宫基质细胞感染CD82/KAI1腺病毒后,β-catenin和MMP-9表达显著上升(P<0.05),α5表达显著下降(P<0.05),E-cadherin的表达量没有显著变化(P>0.05),未检测到β3的表达.结论 成功构建含小鼠CD82/KAI1全基因的重组腺病毒.胚胎植入前小鼠子宫基质细胞内整合素α5、MMP-9、E-cadherin和β-catenin的表达可能受CD82/KAI1的影响.     

嗅觉功能测查联合磁共振嗅球容积测定对阿尔茨海默病的早期诊断价值

目的：探讨嗅觉功能测查联合磁共振嗅球容积测定对阿尔茨海默病（AD）的早期诊断价值.方法：用图片介导的气味识别试验分别测定21例AD患者及21例正常对照者的嗅觉觉察阈、嗅觉识别阈;磁共振方法分别测定两组的海马体积及嗅球容积.结果：AD组嗅觉减退,与正常对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.AD组简易智能状态检查（MMSE）总分与嗅觉察觉阈、嗅觉识别阈之间呈负相关（r=-0.50,r=-0.54,P〈0.01）.AD组海马体积较正常对照组明显减少,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）.AD组海马体积与MMSE评分呈正相关（r=0.45,P〈0.05）.AD组嗅球容积实测值及经颅腔容积校正值均较正常对照组缩小（P〈0.01）,AD组嗅球容积与海马体积、MMSE评分呈正相关（r=0.72,P〈0.01;r=0.50,P〈0.05）,与嗅觉察觉阈及嗅觉识别阈呈负相关（为r=-0.63,r=-0.54,P〈0.05）.结论：嗅觉功能测查联合磁共振嗅球容积测定可帮助诊断早期AD.     

Efficacy and its predictor in microwave ablation for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients undergoing haemodialysis

Background: Microwave ablation (MWA) can be used to treat severe secondary hyperparathyroidism; however, its efficacy and the predictor of its efficacy are unclear. In this retrospective study we determined the predictor of efficacy of MWA and compared the efficacy of MWA and parathyroidectomy.

Materials and methods: Patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism who had received MWA or parathyroidectomy were enrolled in the study. Participants with MWA were divided into response and no response groups based on efficacy. Possible predictors were analysed using logistic regression to determine efficacy predictors. The participants were divided into MWA and parathyroidectomy groups, and the efficacy (including rates of achieving recommended goals for intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), calcium, and phosphorus levels) were compared between the two groups.

Results: Thirty-one participants were enrolled for predictor analysis. Only baseline iPTH level predicted efficacy (OR 0.997, P?=?0.018). The optimal threshold value of iPTH for predicting efficacy was 1493.5?pg/mL. To compare efficacy, 30 patients were enrolled in MWA (18/30) and parathyroidectomy (12/30) groups. The rates of achieving recommended goals for iPTH levels varied between 0 and 60%; a significant difference was found between the groups at 5 months (P?=?0.01). However, in the parathyroidectomy group, the iPTH level and rate of iPTH <124?pg/mL (lower limit of target range) were significantly lower than in the MWA group after treatment (40–75% versus 0–16.7%).

Conclusion: Baseline iPTH level is a good predictor of MWA efficacy for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism; parathyroidectomy is more effective for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism than MWA.     

Construction of boundary-surface-based Chinese female astronaut computational phantom and proton dose estimation

With the rapid development of China''s space industry, the importance of radiation protection is increasingly prominent. To provide relevant dose data, we first developed the Visible Chinese Human adult Female (VCH-F) phantom, and performed further modifications to generate the VCH-F Astronaut (VCH-FA) phantom, incorporating statistical body characteristics data from the first batch of Chinese female astronauts as well as reference organ mass data from the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP; both within 1% relative error). Based on cryosection images, the original phantom was constructed via Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) boundary surfaces to strengthen the deformability for fitting the body parameters of Chinese female astronauts. The VCH-FA phantom was voxelized at a resolution of 2 × 2 × 4 mm³for radioactive particle transport simulations from isotropic protons with energies of 5000–10 000 MeV in Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) code. To investigate discrepancies caused by anatomical variations and other factors, the obtained doses were compared with corresponding values from other phantoms and sex-averaged doses. Dose differences were observed among phantom calculation results, especially for effective dose with low-energy protons. Local skin thickness shifts the breast dose curve toward high energy, but has little impact on inner organs. Under a shielding layer, organ dose reduction is greater for skin than for other organs. The calculated skin dose per day closely approximates measurement data obtained in low-Earth orbit (LEO).     

基于信息化手段的国家集采药品工作实践与成效分析

目的：探索通过信息化手段，保障“4+7”带量采购药品约定用量的有效落实，引导医师、患者优先选择集采药品，为集采工作的有序开展提供有力的数据支撑。方法：利用信息化管理理念与手段搭建集采药品监测体系，从医院信息系统中收集2020年1-9月及2019年同期通用名相同的集采药品及非中选药品使用情况，对比分析政策执行前后的药品销售金额、次均药费、医保资金支出药费、医保次均药费及药占比等相关数据指标，评价实践效果。结果：自搭建监测体系后，截至2020年9月，第一批集采药品(共计20种)，已完成约定用量的149.42%，其中有18个品种已超额完成约定用量；对通用名相同的集采药品及非中选药品同期数据进行比较分析，药品总费用、次均药费、医保资金支出药费、医保次均药费均有大幅下降；医院整体药占比由29.15%降至23.53%。结论：医院基于信息化手段搭建集采药品监测体系，为其用量得以顺利落实提供了支持。