真菌性角膜溃疡68例临床分析

目的分析真菌性角膜溃疡的临床表现及综合治疗效果。方法对68例真菌性角膜溃疡在抗真菌进行药物治疗的基础上，应用病灶刮除、生理盐水冲洗、2．5％碘酊烧灼创面、结膜瓣覆盖等方法综合治疗，观察病变角膜的改变。结果治愈57例（83．8％），显效6例（8．8％），有效2例（2．9％），无效3例（4．4％），总有效率95．6％。结论对真菌性角膜溃疡以药物治疗为主，辅以其它综合治疗是安全和有效的。     

氯普鲁卡因及芬太尼缩短硬膜外罗哌卡因起效时间的临床观察

目的：探讨妇科手术患者复合氯普鲁卡因及芬太尼对罗哌卡因硬膜外麻醉起效时间的影响。方法：择期妇科手术患者60例，随机分为Rc，Rf，R三组，硬膜外分别给予0．75％罗哌卡因18ml＋氯普鲁卡因200mg＋生理盐水2ml；0．75％罗哌卡因18ml＋芬太尼0．1mg／2ml；0．75％罗哌卡因18ml＋生理盐水2ml。记录感觉阻滞最高平面、感觉阻滞起效时间、血流动力学改变及不良反应。结果：感觉阻滞平面迭T10的时问Rc、Rf组均明显短于R组，Rc组短于Rf组；最高阻滞平面Rc、Rf组均明显短于R组。结：论氯普鲁卡因200mg与芬太尼0．1mg均可缩短罗哌卡因硬膜外阻滞起效时间，且复合氯普鲁卡因200mg较芬太尼0．1mg起效时间更短。     

氮、磷、钾对益母草生长及水苏碱和总生物碱影响的研究

目的研究氮、磷、钾肥对益母草生长发育及次生代谢物的影响。方法采用大田试验与室内分析相结合的方法。结果益母草各项生长、产量及水苏碱和总生物碱的量基本均为复肥型高于单肥型，复肥型中又以营养平衡型大于营养失调型，但单施氮肥对以上各项指标均有很大促进作用。在复肥型中，足量磷元素与氮元素的合理配施可以提高氮的肥效。结论以益母草株高、叶片数、分蘖数、产量及水苏碱和总生物碱的量为评价标准，根据氮、磷、钾二次肥料数学模型的计算结果，确定最佳施肥量为：N：37．5～44．0g／m^2，P：37．4～54．3g／m^2，K：31．6～34．4g／m^2，氮、磷、钾的最佳配比为4：4．5：3．3。     

Reconstructive surgery of the mitral valve. Experience with 400 cases

From january 1980 to december 1992 a total of 400 valvulopathies were subjected to conservative mitral procedures: 364 had rheumatic heart disease, 33 were congenital abnormalities and 3 probably myxomatous. Functional class and the cardiomegaly, were in grade III and IV in most cases. Different procedures were done; the most common one was commisurotomy, also subvalvular apparatus opening, annuloplasty ring and a newly designed procedure called "Tension Stitch". The results were satisfactory, with a reoperation rate of 9.2%, mostly caused by fibrosis which in turn caused dysfunction. A second cause were technical problems. The mortality rate was 2%, and was not caused by the procedure itself but because of bad clinical status of the patients. The follow up period was 13 years and showed an actuarial survival curve of 98%, with 90.8% free of reoperation and a very good post-op quality of life. We present this analysis in a effort to bring this procedure to the attention of cardiac surgeons, considering it as an alternative to prosthesis placement.     

Lipid profile in healthy newborn infants and its correlation with maternal lipid levels

OBJECTIVE: To determine serum levels of lipid, cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins in newborns and their mothers and to know the association between them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood samples were taken from 200 newborns and from their mothers, and analyzed for lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride and lipoprotein content in an autoanalyzer. Data were analyzed with the Epi Info 6 program. Central tendency measurements, variance analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were obtained. RESULTS: Average lipid levels in newborn blood samples was 625.2 +/- 130, 158.8 +/- 44 mg/dl of cholesterol, 136.9 +/- 97 mg/dl of triglycerides, 70.5 +/- 23.9 mg/dl LDL, 52.7 +/- 14 mg/dl HDL and 26.5 +/- 15.5 mg/dl VLDL. CONCLUSIONS: Newborn cholesterol levels were similar to values reported by Alpers and higher than levels published by the American Committee of Pediatric Biochemistry in USA. An association between levels in mothers and their children was found.     

人肝细胞色素P450含量及其同工酶1A1,2A6活性的测定

从成人肝细胞中提取微粒体测定其蛋白浓度、细胞色素Ｐ４５０（ＣＰＹ４５０）的总量,并建立了通过测定代产物异恶唑和香豆素生成量确定ＣＹＰ４５０同工酶ＣＹＰ１Ａ１、ＣＹＰ２Ａ６活性的测定方法。结果表明：该测定方法简单、稳定、重复性好,人肝微粒体于－８０℃保存６个月人活性无明显影响。     

关节腔内注射用氟比洛芬明胶微球

目的:制备关节腔注射用氟比洛芬明胶微球。方法:按均匀设计法筛选乳化冻凝法制备氟比洛芬明胶微球(FP GMS)的最佳制备工艺。结果:微球粒径范围为2.5～12.3μm,平均粒径为7.53μm,氟比洛芬含量为5.02%(w/w)。其体外释药符合Higuchi方程,稳定性实验表明,FP-GMS的稳定性良好,兔关节腔内注射后,与溶液剂对照组相比氟比洛芬体内平均驻留时间(MRT)显著延长(P<0.01),峰时比对照组延长2.03倍,峰浓度比对照组减小5.57倍。体内外相关性研究表明,FP-GMS体外累积溶出百分率与兔体内药物吸收分数呈显著相关(P<0.01)。结论:本法制备的氟比洛芬明胶微球粒径分布集中,粒径大小符合设计要求,体内外释药结果表明氟比洛芬明胶微球具有明显的缓释作用。     

Comparison of three analytical methods for 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide in urine after non-occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Urinary pyrene metabolites, 1-OHP and 1-OHPG, have been used as biomarkers for the assessment of occupational and environmental exposure to PAHs. This study compares the sensitivity and applicability of the different analytical methods of 1-OHPG for human biomonitoring of low level exposure to PAHs. Three analytical methods were compared: (1) HPLC method from that reported by Singh et al. (Singh, R., Tucek, M., Maxa, K., Tenglerova, J., Weyand, E.H., 1995. A rapid and simple method for the analysis of 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide: a potential biomarker for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure. Carcinogenesis 16, 2909-2915); (2) IAC-SFS method: the rapid and simple assay using IAC purification using monoclonal antibody specific for PAH-DNA adduct and PAH metabolites and SFS quantitation; and (3) IAC-HPLC method: IAC and HPLC separation and quantitation. The correlation between the IAC-SFS method, HPLC method, and the IAC-SFS method was determined in 20 first year-grade junior high school students (age 12-13) from Yochon, Korea who participated in a nationwide survey for the environmental disease surveillance projects in Korea. Chromatograms obtained by the IAC purification and HPLC quantitation method were clear with no interfering peaks adjacent to 1-OHPG, thus 1-OHPG could be easily quantitated. However, the HPLC method produced chromatogram profiles with many interfering peaks adjacent to 1-OHPG peak. The concentrations of 1-OHPG in 20 urine samples were similar when analyzed by all three analytical methods. The correlation coefficient between the IAC-HPLC and IAC-SFS methods was 0.915, and between the IAC-HPLC and HPLC methods was 0.844, and between the IAC-SFS and HPLC methods was 0.805. The analytical methods for 1-OHPG compared in this study showed a good correlation with one another. These results suggest that any of the methods can be applied to human biomonitoring of PAH exposure. However, SFS quantitation after IAC purification is rapid and simple because this method does not need HPLC separation of 1-OHPG.     

Call and recall for cervical cancer screening in a developing country: a randomised field trial

A randomised field trial was used to assess Mexican women's response to a mailed invitation for a Papanicolaou test. A sample of 4,802 women, 20 to 64 years old, chosen at random from the Mexican Social Security Institute Register were randomly assigned to an intervention and to a control group. A letter of invitation and a reminder were sent to the intervention group. A letter was also sent to the control group at the end of the follow-up period (8.5 weeks) in order to compare the response among women who received a letter in both groups. Cumulative incidence and incidence rates were used to determine the response and the speed of response, respectively. The response among women who had received the letter was 33.5% (efficacy) in the intervention group, while 5.9% (p<0.001) in the control group attended a Papanicolaou test. For the total of women invited, the response was 20.1% (effectiveness) and 3.3% (p<0.001), respectively. The response was greater in rural areas (rural vs. urban/suburban; p = 0.002) and eldest women (50-64 vs. 20-49; p = 0. 02). The response rate was 7 times grater in the intervention than in the control group (RR = 7.1; 95% CI 5.4-9.4; p < 0.001). A mailed invitation to have a Papanicolaou test substantially increases attendance by women who receive it. A mailed reminder improves results. This strategy could be implemented in addition to the ones already in use, mainly among rural and elderly women.