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101.
Andrew C Larson Peter Kellman Andrew Arai Glenn A Hirsch Elliot McVeigh Debiao Li Orlando P Simonetti 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2005,53(1):159-168
Segmented cine MRI generally requires breath-holding, which can be problematic for many patients. Navigator echo techniques, particularly successful for free-breathing coronary MRA, are incompatible with the acquisition strategies and SSFP pulse sequences commonly used for cine MRI. The purpose of this work is to introduce a new self-gating technique deriving respiratory gating information directly from the raw imaging data acquired for segmented cine MRI. The respiratory self-gating technique uses interleaved radial k-space sampling to provide low-resolution images in real time during the free-breathing acquisition that are compared to target expiration images. Only the raw data-producing images with high correlation to the target images are included in the final high-resolution reconstruction. The self-gating technique produced cine series with no significant differences in quantitative image sharpness to series produced using comparable breath-held techniques. Because of the difficulties associated with breath-holding, the respiratory self-gating technique represents an important practical advance for cardiac MRI. , Inc. 相似文献
102.
103.
104.
105.
Margret S. Magid Wallace G. Campbell Jr MD Sutini Ngadiman Thomas A. Godwin MD Robert Ward 《Fetal and pediatric pathology》1997,17(2):303-314
We report a case of an infantile myofibromatosis with hemangiopericytoma-like features arising in the tongue of a 5-month-old female infant. Many authors now classify neoplasms as infantile myofibromatosis that were previously called infantile hemangiopericytoma. The ultrastructural features of our tumor illustrate its biphasic nature and provide a possible explanation for its histogenesis. Infantile myofibromatosis, including those diagnosed as infantile hemangiopericytomas, rarely arise in any intraoral location. Despite the generally good prognosis associated with these neoplasms, complete surgical excision is recommended to avoid recurrences. 相似文献
106.
Twenty-five persons with diabetes (aged 55–83 years) who were living independently in the community, and 40 age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls were assessed for tactile sensitivity, vibration sense, proprioception, quadriceps strength and body sway. In both men and women, those with diabetes performed significantly worse in tests of body sway on firm and compliant surfaces compared with the control subjects after controlling for weight and body mass index. The female diabetic subjects also performed significantly worse in tests of peripheral sensation and strength compared with controls. Age-related declines in sensori-motor function were greater in the diabetic group (r = 0.55–0.75) than in the controls (r < 0.44), while within the diabetic group, duration of diabetes and vibration sense were significantly correlated with sway on a compliant (foam rubber) surface with the eyes open (partial r = 0.52, p < 0.01 and r = 0.55, p < 0.01, respectively). The study findings provide evidence that older people with diabetes have problems with stability and related sensori-motor factors which may place them at increased risk of falls. 相似文献
107.
Amy Y. Chen MD MPH Nicole Schrag MSPH Yongping Hao PhD W. Dana Flanders MD DSc James Kepner PhD Andrew Stewart MS Elizabeth Ward PhD 《Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery》2006,135(6):831-837
OBJECTIVE: In 1991, a randomized study was published and demonstrated that use of nonsurgical therapy (chemoradiation) provided similar survival to total laryngectomy (the gold standard) for patients with advanced-stage laryngeal cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess how treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer was influenced by such developments in non-surgical therapy. STUDY DESIGN: Patterns of care study using National Cancer Database (1985-2001). RESULTS: The percentage of advanced-stage patients treated with chemoradiation increased from 8.3% to 20.8% while the proportion treated with radiation alone decreased from 38.9% to 23.0%. Use of chemoradiation increased at a significantly faster rate after the 1991 publication at both community cancer centers and teaching research facilities. The use of total laryngectomy decreased slightly during this period. CONCLUSIONS: The use of chemoradiation increased after the 1991 publication. It was impossible to determine from the NCDB whether additional patients who could benefit from chemo-RT were not offered or did not complete this treatment option. We recommend that treatment recommendations discussed at tumor boards be recorded in cancer registries. 相似文献
108.
Pulmonary disease during the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with low dose pulse methotrexate 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
C W Carson G W Cannon M J Egger J R Ward D O Clegg 《Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism》1987,16(3):186-195
Methotrexate therapy has been effective in the treatment of RA with short term experience suggesting little serious adverse reactions. Our review of 168 patients receiving methotrexate has identified nine patients with probable or possible methotrexate-induced pulmonary toxicity, giving a prevalence of 5% and an incidence of 3.9 per 100 patients per year. No clinical or laboratory features showed an association that could potentially predict the development of pulmonary disease. All patients experienced complete recovery with supportive care and/or corticosteroid therapy. Clinical monitoring for this complication is warranted in all patients receiving long term methotrexate therapy for RA. 相似文献
109.
110.
Evidence from both experimental carcinogenesis and studies in human cirrhotic liver suggest that defective repair of the
promutagenic DNA base lesion, O
6-methylguanine, is a factor in the multistep process of hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Ubiquitous environmental alkylating
agents such as N-nitroso compounds can produce O
6-methylguanine in cellular DNA. Unrepaired, O
6-methylguanine can lead to the formation of G ? A transition mutations, a known mechanism of human oncogene activation and
tumour suppressor gene inactivation. Combined treatment of rodents with an agent producing O
6-methylguanine in DNA, and an agent promoting cell proliferation, leads to development of hepatic nodules and hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC), cell division, hence DNA replication, being required for the propagation of tumorigenic mutation(s) in hepatocyte
DNA. The paramount importance of O
6-methylguanine in hepatocellular carcinogenesis is indicated by the observation that transgenic mice engineered to have increased
hepatic levels of repair enzyme O
6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) are significantly less prone to hepatocellular carcinogenesis following alkylating
agent treatment. Cirrhosis is a universal risk factor for development of human HCC, and a condition that is characterized
by increased hepatocyte proliferation as a result of tissue regeneration. Levels of the human repairing enzyme for O
6-methylguanine were found to be significantly lower in cirrhotic liver than in normal tissue. In accord with findings from
animal models, this suggested a mechanism in which persistence of O
6-methylguanine due to defective DNA repair by MGMT, together with increased hepatocyte proliferation, might lead to specific
gene mutation(s) and hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Screening for the presence and persistence of O
6-methylguanine in human DNA presently involves formidable technical difficulty. Indications are that such limitations might
be overcome by the use of an ultrasensitive method such as immuno-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This approach should allow
parallel measurement of DNA adduct and repair enzyme in routine liver biopsy samples. It might also enable investigation of
O
6-methylguanine in human genes specifically associated with hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Given the wide variation in human
MGMT levels observed between individuals, tissues, and cells, this technology should be adapted to permit the ultrasensitive
localisation and measurement of adducts and repairing enzyme in liver biopsy tissue sections. Ability to ultrasensitively
measure O
6-methylguanine, and its repair enzyme, should prove valuable in the risk assessment of cirrhotic patients for developing hepatocellular
carcinoma.
Received for publication on July 6, 1998; accepted on Aug. 12, 1998 相似文献