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71.
目的:分析儿童呼吸道苛养菌的感染率及常用抗生素的耐药状况。方法:采用儿童呼吸道2050份咽拭子及痰标本进行苛养菌分离培养与鉴定,并对其中617株苛养菌做了药敏试验,结果:显示275株肺炎链球菌,耐药率较高的有红霉素81.1%,苯唑西林76.9%,复方磺胺甲恶唑76.9%,四环素65.4%;104株流感嗜血杆菌、184株副流感嗜血杆菌、54株卡他莫拉菌对氨苄西林耐药率分别为17.6%,28.9%,64.9%,对亚胺培南/西司他丁耐药率分别为16.4%,16.5%,0,同时复方磺胺甲恶唑的耐药率也分别高达56.7%,56.7%,64.9%。结论:提示苛养菌在儿童呼吸道感染中占有重要的地位,及时掌握这类细菌的耐药动态,对合理使用抗生素,延缓耐药株的产生有极其重要的临床意义。 相似文献
72.
动力髋螺钉治疗股骨转子间骨折 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的 评价动力髋螺钉(DHS)治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床效果。方法 1996年3月~2002年3月用DHS共治疗患者29例.骨折按Evans分型,本组Evans ⅠA2例,Evans ⅠB 10例,Evans ⅡA 3例,Evanslib12例,Evans Ⅲ2例.结果 29例患者均获随访,随访12~48个月,平均26个月,根据Harris髋关节评分:优16例,良9例,中3例,差1例。结论 如能及时手术良好复位,DHS是治疗股骨转子间骨折的较好选择。 相似文献
73.
Min Zhang Wen-Bin Li Jin-Xia Geng Qing-Jun Li Xiao-Cai Sun Xiao-Hui Xian Jie Qi Shu-Qin Li 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2007,27(7):1352-1368
Glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) plays an essential role in removing glutamate from the extracellular space and maintaining the glutamate below neurotoxic level in the brain. To explore whether GLT-1 plays a role in the acquisition of brain ischemic tolerance (BIT) induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP), the present study was undertaken to observe in vivo changes in the expression of GLT-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the CA1 hippocampus during the induction of BIT, and the effect of dihydrokainate (DHK), an inhibitor of GLT-1, on the acquisition of BIT in rats. Immunohistochemistry for GFAP showed that the processes of astrocytes were prolonged after a CIP 2 days before the lethal ischemic insult, which could protect pyramidal neurons in the CA1 hippocampus against delayed neuronal death induced normally by lethal ischemic insult. The prolonged processes extended into the area between the pyramidal neurons and tightly surrounded them. These changes made the pyramidal layer look like a 'shape grid'. Simultaneously, the prolonged and extended processes showed a great deal of GLT-1. Western blotting analysis showed significant upregulation of GLT-1 expression after the CIP, especially when it was administered 2 days before the subsequent lethal ischemic insult. Neuropathological evaluation by thionin staining showed that DHK dose-dependently blocked the protective role of CIP against delayed neuronal death induced normally by lethal brain ischemia. It might be concluded that the surrounding of pyramidal neurons by astrocytes and upregulation of GLT-1 induced by CIP played an important role in the acquisition of the BIT induced by CIP. 相似文献
74.
75.
口外弓配合唇档远移磨牙的临床研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的:研究口外弓配合唇档远移磨牙的临床应用及其疗效。方法:选择15例恒牙早期上颌轻度牙性前突或轻、中度拥挤的安氏II类患者,应用口外弓配合唇档,通过X线头影测量观察其上颌磨牙及前牙治疗前后变化情况。结果:应用口外弓配合唇档推磨牙向远中3~6个月后,II类咬合关系恢复至安氏I类关系。上颌第一磨牙向远中平均移动4.14mm,上颌中切牙向唇侧移动0.66mm。结论:只要病例选择合适,方法运用得当,口外弓配合唇档就能获得较满意的远移磨牙的疗效。 相似文献
76.
自1980年4月至1995年4月,应用碳—钛组合式人工股骨头治疗髋关节疾患319例。随访最短1年,最长15年。随访结果:股骨颈骨折组优良率93%,股骨头无菌性坏死组优良率89.8%。余者2例失败,4例髋关节周围钙化,2例碳质头略大,3例假体下沉,1例类风湿性髋关节强直,术后关节再强直。1例髋臼硬化,4例6髋关节明显疼痛。4例死于心血管疾病。我们体会到碳质材料具有良好的物理、化学性能和生物相容性,是一种优良的人工关节材料。碳—钛组合式人工股骨头是目前优良的人工假体之一。 相似文献
77.
78.
Douglas M. Howarth Martin T. Epstein Paul A. Thomas Leonard W. Allen Rachel Akerman Linda Lan 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1997,24(12):1465-1469
The efficacy of fractionated out-patient radioiodine therapy in 38 patients with compressive symptoms due to long-standing
large multinodular goitres was assessed. The diagnosis was established by clinical assessment in addition to technetium-99m
pertechnetate thyroid scan or computed tomography scan of the thyroid and mediastinum. Oral iodine-131 therapy was administered
as a 2.22 GBq (60 mCi) cumulative dose over 4 months (555 MBq per month). All patients were monitored with serum thyroid-stimulating
hormone and free thyroxine (± free tri-iodothyronine) assays before the treatment and after each dose fraction. Clinical and
biochemical follow-up was performed on all patients and ranged from 6 to 45 months after therapy. The patients consisted of
35 female and three male patients with a median age of 59 years (range 37–87 years). Prior to treatment 20 patients were biochemically
hyperthyroid and 18 were euthyroid. Overall, 71% of patients reported a subjective improvement in compressive symptoms and
29% reported no change. Clinically assessed reduction in goitre size occurred in 92% of patients while there was no change
in 8%. At 3 months of follow-up, 31% of patients had become hypothyroid and at 18 months 66% were hypothyroid. Seven hyperthyroid
patients (35%) became euthyroid and 13 hyperthyroid patients (65%) became hypothyroid. Three patients who became hypothyroid
experienced neck soreness (transient in one patient, persistent in two patients). There were no differences in outcome between
patients who were hyperthyroid and those who were euthyroid prior to treatment. Fractionated out-patient radioiodine therapy
showed excellent short- and medium-term safety, was very well tolerated and offered a satisfactory alternative treatment to
surgery.
Received 23 May and in revised form 11 August 1997 相似文献
79.
80.
非瓣膜病心房颤动病人华法林抗凝治疗安全性评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:评价非瓣膜病心房颤动(房颤)用华法林抗凝治疗的安全性。方法:选择符合该研究抗凝标准的98例心房颤动病人随机分为两组,华法林治疗组(治疗组)46例,给予华法林3mg/d开始监测凝血酶原时间(PT)及国际标准化比值(INR),7~15天使INR达到2.0~3.0范围内,以后每月查1次INR。若病人增加或减少药物、有出血倾向时随时再测INR。阿司匹林对照组(对照组)52例,给予阿司匹林100mg/d口服2次,密切随访。结果:治疗组9~15d(平均10.1±2.2)INR达2.0~3.0(平均2.25±0.11),其中INR在1.8~2.5(平均1.92±0.23)之间者占90.7%,治疗组未出现脑梗死,而对照组有3例发生脑梗死,两组总不良反应率差异无显著性.。结论:非瓣膜病房颤病人选择华法林3mg/d加强服药后监测及各药物间的相互作用,使INR保持在2.0~3.0之间是有效、安全的。 相似文献