Dental and buccal complications of lip and tongue piercing

Oral and facial piercing with different kinds of body art are being observed more frequently in medical and dental practices. Principally, piercing is not a new form of body art and is traditional in different geographical areas. In this review, the possible risks and complications are described. Postprocedural complications are oedema, haemorrhage and infection. Other adverse outcomes include mucosal or gingival trauma, chipped or fractured teeth, increased salivary flow, calculus build-up, and interference with speech, mastication and swallowing. Dentists, and oral- and maxillofacial surgeons should be in the position to advise patients with orofocial piercings or those who plan to have this type of body art performed.     

One-stop routing for surgical interventions: a cost-analysis of endoscopic groin repair

Surgical Endoscopy - Single-visit (SV) totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair is an efficient service without impairment of safety or complication rate. Data on the economic impact of...     

Molecular-level HLA mismatch is associated with rejection and worsened graft survival in heart transplant recipients – a retrospective study

The aim was to evaluate the association of molecular-level human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatching with post-transplant graft survival, rejection, and cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). We retrospectively analyzed all primary cardiac transplant recipients between 01/1984-06/2016. 1167 patients fulfilled inclusion criteria and had HLA typing information available. In 312 donor-recipient pairs, typing at serological split antigen level was available. We used the Epitope MisMatch Algorithm to calculate the number of amino acid differences in antibody-verified HLA eplets (amino acid mismatch load (AAMM)) between donor and recipient. Patients with a higher HLA-DR AAMM load had inferior 1-year graft survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.28). The HLA-AB AAMM load showed no impact on graft survival. In the subgroup with available split-level information, we observed an inferior graft survival for a higher HLA-DR AAMM load 3 months after transplantation (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.04–1.44) and a higher risk for rejection for an increasing HLA-AB (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.29–2.24) and HLA-DR (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.09–1.61) AAMM load. No impact on the development of CAV was found. Molecular-level HLA mismatch analysis could serve as a tool for risk stratification after heart transplantation and might take us one step further into precision medicine.     

Impact of donor lung quality on post-transplant recipient outcome in the Lung Allocation Score era in Eurotransplant – a historical prospective study

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an impact of donation rates on the quality of lungs used for transplantation and whether donor lung quality affects post-transplant outcome in the current Lung Allocation Score era. All consecutive adult LTx performed in Eurotransplant (ET) between January 2012 and December 2016 were included (N = 3053). Donors used for LTx in countries with high donation rate were younger (42% vs. 33% ≤45 years, P < 0.0001), were less often smokers (35% vs. 46%, P < 0.0001), had more often clear chest X-rays (82% vs. 72%, P < 0.0001), had better donor oxygenation ratios (20% vs. 26% with PaO₂/FiO₂ ≤ 300 mmHg, P < 0.0001), and had better lung donor score values (LDS; 28% vs. 17% with LDS = 6, P < 0.0001) compared with donors used for LTx in countries with low donation rate. Survival rates for the groups LDS = 6 and ≥7 at 5 years were 69.7% and 60.9% (P = 0.007). Lung donor quality significantly impacts on long-term patient survival. Countries with a low donation rate are more oriented to using donor lungs with a lesser quality compared to countries with a high donation rate. Instead of further stretching donor eligibility criteria, the full potential of the donor pool should be realized.     

The Added Value of Percentage of Free to Total Prostate-specific Antigen,PCA3, and a Kallikrein Panel to the ERSPC Risk Calculator for Prostate Cancer in Prescreened Men

Background

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing has limited accuracy for the early detection of prostate cancer (PCa).

Objective

To assess the value added by percentage of free to total PSA (%fPSA), prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3), and a kallikrein panel (4k-panel) to the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) multivariable prediction models: risk calculator (RC) 4, including transrectal ultrasound, and RC 4 plus digital rectal examination (4+DRE) for prescreened men.

Design, setting, and participants

Participants were invited for rescreening between October 2007 and February 2009 within the Dutch part of the ERSPC study. Biopsies were taken in men with a PSA level ≥3.0 ng/ml or a PCA3 score ≥10. Additional analyses of the 4k-panel were done on serum samples.

Outcome measurements and statistical analysis

Outcome was defined as PCa detectable by sextant biopsy. Receiver operating characteristic curve and decision curve analyses were performed to compare the predictive capabilities of %fPSA, PCA3, 4k-panel, the ERSPC RCs, and their combinations in logistic regression models.

Results and limitations

PCa was detected in 119 of 708 men. The %fPSA did not perform better univariately or added to the RCs compared with the RCs alone. In 202 men with an elevated PSA, the 4k-panel discriminated better than PCA3 when modelled univariately (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.78 vs 0.62; p = 0.01). The multivariable models with PCA3 or the 4k-panel were equivalent (AUC: 0.80 for RC 4+DRE). In the total population, PCA3 discriminated better than the 4k-panel (univariate AUC: 0.63 vs 0.56; p = 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the multivariable model with PCA3 (AUC: 0.73) versus the model with the 4k-panel (AUC: 0.71; p = 0.18). The multivariable model with PCA3 performed better than the reference model (0.73 vs 0.70; p = 0.02). Decision curves confirmed these patterns, although numbers were small.

Conclusions

Both PCA3 and, to a lesser extent, a 4k-panel have added value to the DRE-based ERSPC RC in detecting PCa in prescreened men.

Patient summary

We studied the added value of novel biomarkers to previously developed risk prediction models for prostate cancer. We found that inclusion of these biomarkers resulted in an increase in predictive ability.     

The influence of anesthesia-controlled time on operating room scheduling in Dutch university medical centres

Background

Predicting total procedure time (TPT) entails several elements subject to variability, including the two main components: surgeon-controlled time (SCT) and anesthesia-controlled time (ACT). This study explores the effect of ACT on TPT as a proportion of TPT as opposed to a fixed number of minutes. The goal is to enhance the prediction of TPT and improve operating room scheduling.

Methods

Data from six university medical centres (UMCs) over seven consecutive years (2005-2011) were included, comprising 330,258 inpatient elective surgical cases. Based on the actual ACT and SCT, the revised prediction of TPT was determined as SCT × 1.33. Differences between actual and predicted total procedure times were calculated for the two methods of prediction.

Results

The predictability of TPT improved when the scheduling of procedures was based on predicting ACT as a proportion of SCT.

Conclusions

Efficient operating room (OR) management demands the accurate prediction of the times needed for all components of care, including SCT and ACT, for each surgical procedure. Supported by an extensive dataset from six UMCs, we advise grossing up the SCT by 33% to account for ACT (revised prediction of TPT = SCT × 1.33), rather than employing a methodology for predicting ACT based on a fixed number of minutes. This recommendation will improve OR scheduling, which could result in reducing overutilized OR time and the number of case cancellations and could lead to more efficient use of limited OR resources.     

Lateral Patellar Facetectomy and Medial Reefing in Patients With Lateral Facet Syndrome After Patellar-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty

We analyzed clinical outcomes of partial lateral patellar facetectomy and medial reefing in patients with lateral patellar facet syndrome with painful patellar-retaining total knee arthroplasty. 34 patients were followed for a mean of 40 months. All 34 patients were matched with those having secondary patellar resurfacing without facetectomy. Both groups experienced significant pain relief and range of motion improvement. The facetectomy group had higher Kujala scores than those in patellar resurfacing group. Patients with facetectomy had significantly less pain postoperatively. There were significant differences in postoperative lateral patellar tilt and congruency angle in both groups. The mid-term results for LPF with medial reefing are promising to resolve pain in patients with lateral patellar facet syndrome in patellar-retaining TKA. Therapeutic level III (retrospective comparative study).