雄激素全阻断与单纯雄激素受体阻滞剂在前列腺癌治疗中的比较

目的了解雄激素全阻断方法在前列腺癌治疗中的作用。方法睾丸切除加氟他胺治疗Ｃ、Ｄ期前列腺癌患者２３例，并与单纯应用氟他胺治疗的２３例进行对照。结果雄激素全阻断疗法在降低ＰＳＡ及缩小前列腺体积上优于对照组。有效率（完全缓解率加部分缓解率）治疗组为６５％，对照组为３９％。结论在前列腺癌的治疗中，雄激素全阻断治疗更合理，也更有效     

新型氨基甾体对WEHI-3B白血病细胞作用的研究

目的 :观察新型氨基甾体 (KH)对小鼠粒单系白血病细胞系WEHI 3B细胞增殖、分化和凋亡的影响 ,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法 :采用集落培养及细胞毒性实验检测KH对WEHI 3B细胞增殖的影响 ;用NBT还原实验及NSE染色检测KH对WEHI 3B细胞分化的影响 ;用形态学观察和DNA片段凝胶电泳检测KH对WEHI 3B细胞凋亡的影响 ;用RT PCR检测癌基因c mycmRNA在WEHI 3B细胞中表达水平的变化。结果 :KH(10 -8～ 10 -4 mol·L-1)能抑制WEHI 3B细胞增殖 ;其较低浓度 (10 -8～ 10 -6mol·L-1)即可诱导WEHI 3B细胞向单核巨噬样细胞分化 ,较高浓度 (10 -6～ 10 -4 mol·L-1)诱导WEHI 3B细胞的凋亡作用增强 ;KH在抑制WEHI 3B细胞增殖 ,诱导其分化和凋亡过程中癌基因c mycmRNA表达水平明显降低。结论 :KH能抑制WEHI 3B细胞增殖 ,诱导其分化和凋亡。上述作用与癌基因c myc的表达有关。     

胎儿视皮质神经元发育的立体学定量分析

本实验取材自１４ 例流产的正常胎儿，胎龄１２ ～４０ 周，对其视皮质神经元进行立体定量分析。结果表明，视皮质神经元发育过程中核质比例逐渐减小；细胞核体密度逐渐减小，核仁与胞质的体密度呈上升趋势；细胞质内线粒体、粗面内质网、核糖体的体密度呈明显上升趋势，而滑面内质网、高尔基复合体及溶酶体的体密度均有不同程度的上升。     

肾移植术后早期新山地明浓度谷值、峰值监测的比较

目的 :通过对肾移植术后早期新山地明浓度的定期检测 ,比较传统的谷值或服药前浓度 (即C0 )、服药后 2h浓度 (即C2 )监测的临床意义。方法 :以尸体肾移植 10 2例为研究对象 ,利用TDx法检测术后 3 0d全血中C0 、C2 浓度 ,前后共计 9次。结果 :10 2例患者中有 18例 ( 17% )在术后 3 0d内发生了急性排斥反应 ,其中DGF组 (n =3 5 ) 10例 ( 2 8 6% ) ,IGF组 (n =67) 8例 ( 11 9% ) ,急性排斥反应发生时C0 为 ( 15 9 74± 87 2 3 )ng/mL ,C2 为 ( 5 0 1 11± 3 78 84)ng/mL ;肝肾毒性发生时C0 为 ( 2 92 3 4± 98 77)ng/mL ,C2 为 ( 12 2 1 46± 412 5 2 )ng/mL。结论 :肾移植术后C0 及C2 监测对早期发现急性排斥反应都具有重要意义 ,但C2 值较C0 值与急性排斥反应的发生关系更为密切 ,C2 值与肝肾毒性的发生有直接的相关性 ,而C0 值与肝肾毒性的发生无相关性。在临床实际应用中C2 监测优于C0监测 ,C2 更准确 ,更可靠     

HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 subtypes or ACE gene polymorphisms do not seem to be risk markers for severe retinopathy in younger Type 1 diabetic patients

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 subgroups or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms are associated with severe retinopathy in younger Type 1 diabetic patients. Twenty-four Type 1 diabetic patients who had received panretinal photocoagulation for severe nonproliferative or proliferative diabetic retinopathy were compared with 24 Type 1 diabetic patients (participating in a photographic screening program with regular fundus examinations) with no or minimal retinopathy, matched for age at onset and duration of diabetes. The HLA-DRB1-DQA1-B1 haplotype 04-03-0302 represented 22/48 (46%) in the severe and 21/48 (44%) in the no/minimal retinopathy group, respectively (n.s.). The most common genotype, 03-0501-0201/04-03-0302, occurred in 8/24 (33%) with severe and 10/24 (42%) with no/minimal retinopathy, respectively (n.s.). There were no statistical differences between patients with severe and no/minimal retinopathy whether DRB1, DQA1, or DQB1 alleles, haplotypes, or genotypes were analysed. The ACE gene polymorphism was almost identical between patients with severe and no/minimal retinopathy, and serum ACE levels did not differ. Thus, in the present study on a small group with carefully characterised diabetic retinopathy phenotypes, there was no indication that HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 subtypes or ACE gene polymorphisms were associated with severe retinopathy in younger Type 1 diabetic patients.