Polycystic ovarian disease: US features in 104 patients

Ultrasonographic (US) study was performed in 25 healthy women and 104 patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). Although the average size of ovaries in the PCOD patients was much larger than that of the healthy women, 29.7% of ovaries in the PCOD patients were normal in size. The shapes of the ovaries (roundness index) in PCOD patients were not different from those of the healthy women. There was no significant correlation between the size and shape of the ovaries. Bilaterally enlarged, globular-shaped ovaries were rare and usually asymmetric in size. The most important feature of PCOD on US scans is the bilaterally increased numbers of developing follicles (0.5-0.8 cm in size), usually more than five in each ovary. Although maturing follicles (1.5-2.9 cm) are much rarer in PCOD patients (13.5%) than in healthy women (36%), the incidences of follicular cysts (greater than 3 cm) was about the same in both.     

Radioimmunotherapy of interleukin-2R alpha-expressing adult T-cell leukemia with Yttrium-90-labeled anti-Tac [see comments]

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is a malignancy of mature lymphocytes caused by the retrovirus human T-cell lymphotropic virus-I. It is an aggressive leukemia with a median survival time of 9 months; no chemotherapy regimen appears successful in inducing long-term disease- free survival. The scientific basis of the present study is that ATL cells express high-affinity interleukin-2 receptors identified by the anti-Tac monoclonal antibody, whereas normal resting cells do not. To exploit this difference, we administered anti-Tac armed with Yttrium-90 (90Y) to 18 patients with ATL initially (first 9 patients) in a phase I dose-escalation trial and subsequently (second group of 9 patients) in a phase II trial involving a uniform 10-mCi dose of 90Y-labeled anti- Tac. Patients undergoing a remission were permitted to receive up to eight additional doses. At the 5- to 15-mCi doses used, 9 of 16 evaluable patients responded to 90Y anti-Tac with a partial (7 patients) or complete (2 patients) remission. The responses observed represent improved efficacy in terms of length of remission when compared with previous results with unmodified anti-Tac. Clinically meaningful (> or = grade 3) toxicity was largely limited to the hematopoietic system. In conclusion, radioimmunotherapy with 90Y anti- Tac directed toward the IL-2R expressed on ATL cells may provide a useful approach for treatment of this aggressive malignancy.     

Low prevalence of <Emphasis Type=Italic>H. pylori</Emphasis> Infection in HIV-Positive Patients in the Northeast of Brazil

Background  

This study conducted in Northeastern Brazil, evaluated the prevalence of H. pylori infection and the presence of gastritis in HIV-infected patients.     

中国病毒性乙型肝炎的研究

我国是病毒性乙型肝炎(HB)高发病国家,人群感染HBV约有6.5亿,而HBsAg慢性携带者则为1.2亿,每年死于HB及相关性疾病者在16万人以上,HB已成为我国危害最大的社会公共卫生问题。现就目前我国HB研究的状况,提出一些思考,希望能对HB的研究有所助益。 1 病毒性乙型肝炎的分类我国现行的病毒性肝炎分类方案(以下称分类方案)与国际上基本一致,将其分为急性、慢性和肝炎肝硬变三大类,又根据HB不同的临床体征及组织病理学表现,而分成若干亚型。     

分光光度法测定金蝉花中多糖的含量

目的建立金蝉花药材中多糖的含量测定方法.方法采用分光光度法测定多糖含量.结果金蝉花中多糖含量为24.16 mgg-1,平均回收率为97.37%,RSD＝2.34%,n＝5.结论本法简便、准确、灵敏、重现性好,为金蝉花药材的质量控制提供了依据.     

Electrical impedance tomography compared to positron emission tomography for the measurement of regional lung ventilation: an experimental study

Introduction  

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT), which can assess regional lung ventilation at the bedside, has never been compared with positron-emission tomography (PET), a gold-standard to quantify regional ventilation. This experiment systematically compared both techniques in injured and non-injured lungs.     

人精子膜甘露糖结合蛋白的研究--蛋白的定位

作者运用生物素标记的山羊抗人巨噬细胞甘露糖受体（ＧｏａｔＡｎｔｉ－ｈｕｍａｎＭａｃｒｏｐｈａｇｅＭａｎｎｏｓｅＲｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ,ＡＭＭＲ）ＩｇＧ对人获得能精子膜上的甘露糖结合蛋白进行定位,经激光共聚焦显微镜分析结果显示：ＡＭＭＲＩｇＧ组阳性率显著高于运用正常山羊（ＮｏｒｍａｌＧｏａｔ,ＮＧ）ＩｇＧ的对照组：ＡＭＭＲＩｇＧ组的阳性率大约在７０％（６９．４１％）左右,而ＮＧ ＩｇＧ对照组中除少量精子显     

Effect of RANTES on the infection of monocyte-derived primary macrophages by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2

The effect of β chemokines on human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) infection of primary macrophages is controversial, and their effect on HIV-2 infection of these cells has not yet been documented. We examined the effect of synthetic and recombinant regulated-on-activation, normal T cell-expressed and -secreted (RANTES) on HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection of primary monocyte-derived-macrophages (MDM) that were obtained as the adherent cells of 5-day cultures of blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), followed by 2-day culture without peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) nor added cytokines. These MDM expressed CD4, CCR5 and CXCR4, the major coreceptors for HIV macrophage- and T cell-tropic isolates, respectively. Infection of MDM from different donors with HIV-1 or HIV-2 macrophagetropic strains was reproducibly inhibited by RANTES. This inhibition depended on RANTES continuous presence in culture during and after infection. Treatment of MDM with RANTES just before or during, but not after, exposure to virus did not protect MDM from infection. When RANTES was added after MDM had been infected, and was continuously maintained in culture thereafter, no inhibition occurred and limited enhancement of infection could be observed. These data indicate that RANTES inhibits HIV-1 as well as HIV-2 infection of MDM, likely at a post-binding step, and support the role of CCR5 as the major coreceptor for HIV-1 and HIV-2 entry into primary macrophages.     

LEE阴性STEC分离株IHA基因的筛选、克隆及序列分析

尽管类志贺毒素对于STEC感染的临床及病理表现的产生非常重要,但细菌的一些毒性因子,特别是与肠道定居和粘附相关的因子也是病变产生的关键性决定因子。我们通过Southern杂交、克隆、打点杂交和序列测定等方法,获得了LEE阴性STEC O113:H7分离株98NK2染色体上大小为5.2kb的Hind III酶切片段的完全DNA序列,其中包含的一个大小为2088bp的开放阅读框架IhaO113(IrgA homologue adhesin)与LEE阳性STEC O157:H21分离株染色体上的一个假定粘附素IhaO157的核酸序列具有93%的一致性,两者的推导氨基酸序列具有91%的一致性。本研究首次报道了LEE阴性STEC O113:H7分离株染色体上预期与细菌粘附相关的编码基因Iha的完全DNA序列,为进一步研究其致病的分子机制提供了重要的理论依据。     

Candida osteomyelitis. Report of five cases and review of the literature

Candida species have emerged as important pathogens in human infection. Although a variety of deep-seated candidal infections have been reported, Candida osteomyelitis has rarely been described. Five patients with Candida osteomyelitis are presented, and the 32 adult cases previously reported are reviewed. Candida osteomyelitis is noted as a simultaneous occurrence or late manifestation of hematogenously disseminated candidiasis. Osteomyelitis may not be prevented by a course of amphotericin B adequate to control the acute episode of disseminated candidiasis, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. Less commonly, Candida osteomyelitis presents as a postoperative wound infection. Like bacterial osteomyelitis, the most common presenting symptom is local pain. The insidious progression of infection, the nonspecificity of laboratory data, and the failure to recognize Candida as a potential pathogen may lead to diagnostic delay. Diagnosis can be made by either open biopsy or closed needle aspiration. Successful therapeutic regimens have employed combinations of antifungal therapy (most often amphotericin B) with surgical debridement when indicated. It is anticipated that osteomyelitis will become a more commonly recognized manifestation of hematogenously disseminated candidiasis.