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排序方式: 共有1462条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
72.
María Rosario García Campelo Guillermo Alonso Curbera Guadalupe Aparicio Gallego Enrique Grande Pulido Luis Miguel Antón Aparicio 《Clinical & translational oncology》2011,13(2):77-83
Primary lung cancer may arise from the central (bronchial) or peripheral (bronchiolo-alveolar) compartments. However the origins
of the different histological types of primary lung cancer are not well understood. Stem cells are believed to be crucial
players in tumour development and there is much interest in identifying those compartments that harbour stem cells involved
in lung cancer. Although the role of stem cells in carcinogenesis is not well characterised, emerging evidence is providing
new insights into this process. Numerous studies have indicated that lung cancer is not a result of a sudden transforming
event but a multistep process in which a sequence of molecular changes result in genetic and morphological aberrations. The
exact sequence of molecular events involved in lung carcinogenesis is not yet well understood, therefore deeper knowledge
of the aberrant stem cell fate signalling pathway could be crucial in the development of new drugs against the advanced setting. 相似文献
73.
74.
75.
Miguel Aragón Albillos Ana Fernández AlonsoMaría Felicidad López Gallego Gabriel Fiol RuizMiguel Ángel Fernández Soriano Francisco Alonso Aragón 《Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología》2011,54(6):317-319
The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy is increasing as a result of the greater use of assisted reproduction techniques. Early diagnosis is important because a ruptured ectopic pregnancy can be life threatening. We present an atypical case of extrauterine pregnancy diagnosed during the course of an elective cesarean section at term. 相似文献
76.
77.
Vallina E García Díez A Gallego M Villaverde P Rippe ML Arribas JM 《Anales de medicina interna (Madrid, Spain : 1984)》2000,17(10):538-539
In spite of the generalized use of alpha interferon to treat hepatitis C there are very few cases in the literature on pulmonary sarcoidosis due to this therapy. A new case with this diagnosis is reported and the possible pathogenic mechanisms driving alpha interferon to sarcoid histologic changes are discussed. 相似文献
78.
A. Ordóñez Gallego M. González Barón E. Espinosa Arranz 《Clinical & translational oncology》2007,9(5):298-307
Oxycodone is a semi-synthetic opioid with an agonist activity on mu, kappa and delta receptors. Equivalence with regard to morphine is 1:2. Its effect commences one hour after administration and lasts for 12 h in the controlled-release formulation. Plasma half-life is 3–5 h (half that of morphine) and stable plasma levels are reached within 24 h (2–7 days for morphine). Oral bioavailability ranges from 60 to 87%, and plasma protein binding is 45%. Most of the drug is metabolised in the liver, while the rest is excreted by the kidney along with its metabolites. The two main metabolites are oxymorphone — which is also a very potent analgesic — and noroxycodone, a weak analgesic. Oxycodone metabolism is more predictable than that of morphine, and therefore titration is easier. Oxycodone has the same mechanism of action as other opioids: binding to a receptor, inhibition of adenylyl-cyclase and hyperpolarisation of neurons, and decreased excitability. These mechanisms also play a part in the onset of dependence and tolerance. The clinical efficacy of oxycodone is similar to that of morphine, with a ratio of 1/1.5–2 for the treatment of cancer pain. Long-term administration may be associated with less toxicity in comparison with morphine. In the future, both opioids could be used simultaneously at low doses to reduce toxicity. It does not appear that there are any differences between immediate and slow-release oxycodone, except their half-life is 3–4 h, and 12 h, respectively. In Spain, controlled-release oxycodone (OxyContin®) is marketed as 10-, 20-, 40-or 80-mg tablets for b.i.d. administration. Tablets must be taken whole and must not be broken, chewed or crushed. There is no food interference. The initial dose is 10 mg b.i.d. for new treatments and no dose reduction is needed in the elderly or in cases of moderate hepatic or renal failure. Immediate-release oxycodone (OxyNorm®) is also available in capsules and oral solution. Side effects are those common to opioids: mainly nausea, constipation and drowsiness. Vomiting, pruritus and dizziness are less common. The intensity of these side effects tends to decrease over the course of time. Oxycodone causes somewhat less nausea, hallucinations and pruritus than morphine. 相似文献
79.
Manuel Valladares Ayerbes Guadalupe Aparicio Gallego Silvia Díaz Prado Paula Jiménez Fonseca Rosario García Campelo Luis Miguel Antón Aparicio 《Clinical & translational oncology》2008,10(11):697-712
Cancer is a heritable disorder of somatic cells: environment and heredity are both important in the carcinogenic process.
The primal force is the “two hits” of Knudson’s hypothesis, which has proved true for many tumours, including renal cell carcinoma.
Knudson et al. [1, 2] recognised that familial forms of cancer might hold the key to the identification of important regulatory
elements known as tumour-suppressor genes. Their observations (i.e., that retinoblastoma tend to be multifocal in familial
cases and unifocal in sporadic presentation) led them to propose a two-hit theory of carcinogenesis. Furthermore, Knudson
postulated that patients with the familial form of the cancer would be born with one mutant allele and that all cells in that
organ or tissue would be at risk, accounting for early onset and the multifocal nature of the disease. In contrast, sporadic
tumours would develop only if a mutation occurred in both alleles within the same cell, and, as each event would be expected
to occur with low frequency, most tumours would develop late in life and in a unifocal manner [3, 4]. The kidney is affected
in a variety of inherited cancer syndromes. For most of them, both the oncogene/tumour-suppressor gene involved and the respective
germline mutations have been identified. Each of the inherited syndromes predisposes to distinct types of renal carcinoma.
Families with hereditary predisposition to cancer continue to provide a unique opportunity for the identification and characterisation
of genes involved in carcinogenesis. A surprising number of genetic syndromes predispose to the development of renal cell
carcinoma, and genes associated with five of these syndromes have been already identified: VHL, MET, FH, BHD and HRPT2. Few
cancers have as many different types of genetic predisposition as renal cancer, although to date only a small proportion of
renal cell cancers can be explained by genetic predisposition.
Supported by an unrestricted educational grant from Pfizer. 相似文献
80.
Federico Sackmann-Muriel Pedro Zubizarreta María Sara Felice Guillermo Chantada Ana María Cygler Marta Gallego Jorge Rossi 《Leukemia research》1996,20(11-12)
We report results achieved in our institution with a study opened in July 1990 (similar to the German AML-BFM-87 in which daunorubicin was replaced by idarubicin in the induction phase and cranial preventive radiotherapy was omitted) and closed in December 1994, for the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), without prior malignancies except for myelodysplasia.This evaluation included 68 patients, whose mean age was 6 years (range: 1 month–16 years). Thirty-nine were boys and 29 were girls. Complete remission rate was 80.9% (55/68), death on induction rate was 14.7% and induction failure rate was 4.4%. At median follow up of 38 months (range: 12–66 months), the 4-year event-free survival (EFS) estimate was 0.428 (S.E.: 0.062), event-free interval (EFI) estimate was 0.529 (S.E.: 0.07) and overall survival (OS) estimate was 0.44 (S.E.: 0.071).We conclude that idarubicin in combination with cytarabine and etoposide is a highly effective regimen for induction in children with AML. Although preventive cranial irradiation was not delivered, we have observed only one combined CNS relapse. Finally, we corroborate that in this setting two definite risk groups may be identified in children with AML. 相似文献