氯诺昔康复合丙泊酚、芬太尼用于人工流产的临床研究

目的:观察氯诺昔康复合丙泊酚、芬太尼用于无痛人工流产的临床效果.方法:采用双盲法随机将600例早期妊娠妇女分成氯诺昔康组(L组)300例和对照组(P组)300例.麻醉前2h,L组口服氯诺昔康8mg,P组服用安慰剂.麻醉诱导先缓慢静脉注射芬太尼1μg·kg-1,1min后再予丙泊酚1.5mg·kg-1静脉注射.术中根据患者反应每次追加丙泊酚20～30mg.观察记录两组诱导时间、苏醒时间、丙泊酚用药总量、呼吸循环参数改变、术后腹痛发生情况和不良反应.结果:术后腹痛L组少于P组(P＜0.05),术中丙泊酚用药总量L组少于P组(P＜0.05).两组呼吸循环抑制发生率及诱导、苏醒时间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论:氯诺昔康用于无痛人工流产可增强麻醉效果,减少丙泊酚用量,减少术后腹痛的发生率,减轻术后腹痛的程度,值得推广应用.     

可生物降解的聚乳酸羟基乙酸牙周缓释凝胶的研究

目的采用聚乳酸羟基乙酸(PLGA)研制替硝唑牙周缓释凝胶。方法根据聚合物的分子量、浓度、载药量和增塑剂等因素来优选最佳配方。结果聚合物溶液中N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)P、EG400、PLGA(75∶25)的最佳比例为65∶5∶30,5%替硝唑与聚合物溶液均匀混合即得凝胶。凝胶必须在室温下避光保存。结论该凝胶缓释时间长达7d,用于牙周炎的治疗有效。     

Polymorphisms in XPD exons 10 and 23 and bladder cancer risk.

INTRODUCTION: The nucleotide excision repair gene, xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD), has been hypothesized to have a role in cancer risk, but results from prior molecular epidemiologic studies and genotype-phenotype analyses are conflicting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the frequency of the XPD Asp312Asn polymorphism in exon 10 and the XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism in exon 23 in 505 incident bladder cancer cases and 486 healthy controls. RESULTS: Overall, the XPD exon 10 and 23 genotypes were not associated with bladder cancer risk, after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and smoking status. A gender-specific role was evident that showed an increased risk for women, but not for men, associated with the variant genotypes for both exons. For example, when the exon 23 variant allele genotypes were combined (Lys/Gln + Gln/Gln), there was an increased bladder cancer risk in women [odds ratio (OR), 1.69; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.12-2.58] but not in men (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.79-1.24; P(interaction) = 0.041; OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.02-2.58). There was also a gene-smoking interaction that showed the variant alleles for either exon or the combination of both increase the risk of bladder cancer for light and heavy smokers. For exon 23 (P(interaction) = 0.057; OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.99-1.47), heavy smokers (> or = 20 pack-years) who carried the exon 23 variant allele genotypes had an OR of 4.13 (95% CI, 2.53-6.73), whereas heavy smokers with the wild-type genotypes were at lower risk (OR, 3.55; 95% CI, 2.19-5.75). Moderate smokers (1-19 pack-years) with the variant allele genotypes had an OR of 1.54 (95% CI, 0.94-2.53), whereas moderate smokers with the wild-type genotypes had an OR of 1.12 (95% CI, 0.63-1.98). CONCLUSIONS: Although we did not observe main effects associated with the XPD genotypes, these results do suggest the variant allele genotypes were associated with increased bladder cancer risk in women and smokers with statistically significant interactions in the exon 23 polymorphism. Although there is biological plausibility, these novel findings for gender and smoking should be interpreted with caution upon confirmation in larger studies.     

通过改造工程细胞提高重组蛋白类药物产量的研究进展

哺乳动物细胞是表达蛋白类生物产品的理想宿主细胞。但是,表达水平常较低。通过对工程细胞进行改造,如抑制细胞凋亡、对细胞周期进行调控、提高翻译后加工能力、改变细胞新陈代谢的特性、实现基因组热点整合等,可有效地提高重组蛋白类药物的产量,为生物药品的规模化生产奠定基础     

利用LC-MS/MS法快速鉴定盐酸头孢吡肟中的同分异构体杂质

目的建立应用LC-MS/MS技术快速鉴定盐酸头孢吡肟原料药中的同分异构体杂质的方法。方法以乙腈-10 mmol·L^-1乙酸铵(5∶95)为流动相经C₁₈柱分离,通过电喷雾串联质谱在线检测，获得相关的色谱和质谱信息。结果在所建立的条件下，盐酸头孢吡肟及其同分异构体杂质获得有效分离，主成分和其同分异构体杂质的保留时间分别为15.28 min和9.18 min，同时它们的二级质谱产物离子信息及其裂解方式呈现明显的差异。结论本法能快速、准确地分离鉴定盐酸头孢吡肟原料药中的同分异构体杂质，从而可以对其原料药进行质量控制。     

中国健康人群和甲亢患者细胞色素氧化酶CYP2C19遗传多态性的比较

目的:考察中国健康人群和甲亢患者细胞色素氧化酶CYP2C19遗传多态性的相关性.方法:应用限制性片段长度多态性分析法(PCR-RFLP)对66例甲亢患者和74例健康志愿者进行了基因多态性分析.结果:甲亢患者和健康志愿者中基因型为野生型纯合子wt/wt的分别为34.85%(23/66)和41.89(31/74);基因型为杂合子wt/m1和wt/m2的分别为50.0%(33/66)和45.94%(34/74);基因型为突变型纯合子ml/ml和ml/m2的为15.15%(10/66)和12.16%(9/74).在本实验中未发现m2/m2基因型.甲亢患者和健康志愿受试者的wt/wt和ml/m1的频率没有显著差别.结论:中国甲亢患者和健康人群细胞色素氧化酶CYP2C19遗传多态性在统计学上没有差别.     

内皮素在急性胰腺炎中的标志物作用

目的　本实验旨在观察ANP时ET在腔静脉血和门静脉血中的浓度变化。方法　将 10 8只大鼠随机分成仿手术组 (A )、损伤对照组 (B)、DA给药一组 (C)和二组 (D )。采用 4 5%牛磺胆酸钠逆行胆胰管逆行注射建立大鼠ANP模型 ,并于 1h、 6h、 2 4h采集尾静脉和下腔静脉、门静脉血液 ,用放免法测定ET含量 ,取胰腺组织作病理切片检查和评分。结果　对照组大鼠外周血、门脉血和腔静脉血ET水平明显高于假手术组和给药组 ,其胰腺病理学改变也明显加重 ,DA一组和DA二组的ET水平及病理改变也有统计学差异。结论　ET能有效反映胰腺病变程度 ,检测门脉血指标比外周血更灵敏、准确 ,经腹主动脉给药比外周静脉注射更有效     

紧密连接蛋白occludin和claudin-1在大鼠溃疡性结肠炎的表达

[目的]观察溃疡性结肠炎模型大鼠紧密连接蛋白occludin、claudin-1表达情况及其与结肠病变的关系.[方法]采用三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)复制大鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型,于实验周期的第10、20、30天分3组(即模型1、2、3组)处死大鼠,另设正常对照组,以大鼠结肠occludin、claudin-1表达(免疫荧光法)、结肠大体和病理评分为主要检测指标.[结果]随着实验周期延长,模型组结肠大体和病理平均评分逐渐降低,occludin表达平均评分先降低后回升,但均低于正常组;occludin表达与其结肠大体和病理评分均呈负相关(P＜0.05).claudin-1表达平均评分呈降低→上升→再降低,但均与正常组比较接近;claudin-1表达与其大体和病理均无显著相关性(P＞0.05).[结论]溃疡性结肠炎大鼠occludin表达降低,且与其结肠病变呈负相关;occludin表达改变比claudin-1更显著.     

鼻内镜手术治疗鼻窦炎、鼻息肉132例临床分析

目的 回顾分析鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的疗效及影响因素.方法 总结132例(196侧)慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者的临床资料.结果 全组均随访3～12个月,治愈率72.7%,好转率21.2%,总有效率93.9%.无效6.1%.结论 鼻内镜手术治疗鼻窦炎鼻息肉刨伤小、疗效好,熟练精细的手术操作和正确的术后治疗是提高治愈率的关键.