新疆维吾尔自治区精神障碍流行病学调查及影响因素研究

背景经济社会的发展、生活方式的转变及新型冠状病毒感染疫情的发生都对人群心身健康水平产生影响,进而可能使精神障碍的患病情况发生变化。然而,目前新疆维吾尔自治区的精神障碍流行病学调查资料尚不完善。目的 调查新疆维吾尔自治区北部（简称北疆）≥15岁人群的常见精神障碍患病率及影响因素,并同新疆维吾尔自治区南部（简称南疆）相关资料进行汇总与对比,得出全疆常见精神障碍患病情况,为制定相应的精神卫生规划提供科学依据。方法 于2021年11月至2022年7月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样法在北疆选取居民3 853例为研究对象。以社会人口学调查表、自评量表（12项一般用健康问卷、心境障碍问卷、90项症状清单等）及他评量表（汉密尔顿抑郁量表、贝克-拉范森躁狂量表、简明精神病量表等）作为调查工具,以国际疾病分类第10版（ICD-10）中的精神与行为障碍分类为诊断标准,由两名具有≥5年工作经验的精神科医师对纳入居民进行精神障碍诊断,诊断不一致者由精神科主任或副主任医师进行二次诊断。结果 北疆地区常见精神障碍时点患病率为9.71%(374/3 853),年龄调整率为10.07%;全疆常见精神障碍时点患病率为9.69%...     

Expression of bcl-6 and CD10 protein is associated with longer overall survival and time to treatment failure in follicular lymphoma

Follicular lymphomas (FLs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors, but prognostic factors are evaluated insufficiently in this common hematologic neoplasm. While bcl-6 and CD10 are expressed characteristically in FLs, their significance for biologic behavior of FL has not been studied previously. Samples from 73 patients with FL and clinical follow-up from 7 to 231 months were evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis. Patients with high levels of bcl-6 expression had favorable overall survival (OS) (P = .003), disease-specific survival (DSS) (P = .033), and time to treatment failure (P = .003) compared with patients with low levels of bcl-6 expression. Multivariate analysis showed that the results for OS, DSS, and time to treatment failure were independent of the international prognostic index. Patients with CD10+ FLs also had longer OS (P = .001), DSS (P = .007), and time to treatment failure (P = .004), and grade 1 FL was associated with better OS (P = .01) and a statistical trend for longer DSS (P = .05) and time to treatment failure (P = .05), but these results were not independent of bcl-6 expression or the international prognostic index in multivariate analysis.     

巨细胞病毒感染对动脉粥样硬化的影响

目的：研究巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染和动脉粥样硬化的关系，并探讨其可能机制。方法：通过一个大样本从血清流行病学(ELISA检测患者血清中抗CMV的IgG抗体)和分子生物学(PCR检测动脉粥样硬化病变中CMV特异性基因)方面探讨巨细胞病毒感染和动脉粥样硬化的关系，并检测CMV感染对内皮细胞趋化因子表达的影响。结果：动脉粥样硬化组血清中CMV的阳性率显著高于非动脉粥样硬化组(分别为82．2％和61．0％，P=0．02)；而且动脉粥样硬化斑块中HCMV基因出现率显著高于正常血管组织(13／15和2／7，P=0．01)；CMV感染还可上调内皮细胞：ECV-304表达MCP-1。结论：CMV感染参与动脉粥样硬化的形成和发生，这可能与CMV上调内皮细胞趋化因子表达有关。     

TP53 mutations in prostatic cancer. Analysis of pre- and post-treatment archival formalin-fixed tumour tissue

The TP53 gene mutation pattern in prostatic cancer was examined in relation to progression and survival, using archival formalin-fixed pre-and post-treatment tumour specimens from 84 prostatic cancer patients. Thirty-four had hormone-sensitive tumours and 50 were hormone-resistant. Six of the 34 (18 per cent) therapy-responding tumours and 19 of the 50 (38 per cent) hormone-resistant tumours showed p53 protein accumulation in the post-treatment specimen. Both pre- and post-treatment specimens from these 25 patients were analysed for mutation of the conserved regions of the TP53 gene (exons 5–8), using constant denaturant gel electrophoresis (CDGE) followed by DNA sequencing. In the post-treatment samples, mutations were detected in three of the six patients with hormone-responsive tumours and in 11 of the 19 patients with hormone-resistant tumours. The three (100 per cent) patients with therapy-responsive tumours with mutations and nine of the 11 (82 per cent) patients with therapy-resistant tumours with mutations died of the disease. Thirteen of the 14 mutations in the post-treatment specimens were transitions, 11 occurring at CpG dinucleotides in which codon 273 was involved in ten. A significantly higher proportion of tumours with mutations were poorly differentiated compared with tumours without mutation (P<0·04). Our findings indicate that TP53 mutation is a late event in tumour development of the prostate gland and that codon 273 might be a ‘hotspot’ for mutation in the progression of the disease.     

氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白可诱导人单核细胞源树突状细胞形成泡沫细胞

目的： 探讨氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）对人单核细胞源树突状细胞（DC）功能的影响。 方法： 采用免疫磁珠法分离人外周血CD14+单核细胞，经含rhGM-CSF（100 μg/L）和rhIL-4（20 μg/L）的Cellgro培养，使其分化为DC。DC与100 mg/L天然的或氧化修饰的LDL孵育72 h后，采用透射电镜和尼罗红染色观察细胞内脂质沉积，流式细胞术检测DC表型（CD1a，CD40，CD86，HLA-DR），混合T淋巴细胞反应检测DC对淋巴细胞增殖的影响，FITC-dextran检测DC吞噬功能，ELISA检测细胞培养上清Th1/Th2 (IL-12/IL-2)细胞因子的浓度。 结果： ox-LDL可诱导DC形成泡沫细胞，而天然的LDL无此作用。经ox-LDL处理的DC吞噬作用明显弱于天然的LDL，而对T细胞增殖作用却明显强于天然的LDL；可明显上调CD80(72.4±9.6 vs 89.5±10.1, P<0.01), CD86(67.2±8.8 vs 80.2±11.6, P＜0.01), HLA-DR(80.6±9.8 vs 86.6±10.8, P<0.01) 和CD1a(40.2±10.3 vs 60.2±9.3, P<0.01)的表达，明显促进DC细胞因子IL-12［(44.3±8.9)ng/L vs (65.1±10.4)ng/L, P<0.05］的分泌，但却降低IL-2［(43.6±7.8）ng/L vs （10.0±4.5）ng/L, P<0.01］。 结论： DC可通过摄取ox-LDL形成泡沫细胞，而后者与成熟DC的功能相似，说明DC可能是泡沫细胞新的来源，在动脉粥样硬化免疫病理发生中具有重要的作用。     

Expression of CD44 in effusions of patients diagnosed with serous ovarian carcinoma – diagnostic and prognostic implications

CD44 is a family of cell adhesion molecules involved in a variety of cellular functions. The present study analysed the expression of two CD44 isoforms in serous effusions of patients diagnosed with ovarian carcinoma and corresponding primary and metastatic lesions. Fifty-eight effusions, 23 primary ovarian tumours, and 44 metastatic lesions were studied for protein expression of CD44s and v3-10 using immunohistochemistry. Results were correlated with clinical parameters. CD44v3-10 was seen in carcinoma cells in the majority of cases at all sites. Malignant effusions showed an up-regulation of CD44s compared to both primary tumours and metastatic solid lesions. Mesothelial cells frequently expressed CD44s, but were rarely immunoreactive for v3-10. CD44s immunoreactivity in cancer cells in effusions was significantly more often observed in patients with FIGO stage 3 than in stage 4 patients (P = 0.045). Staining results did not correlate with age, effusion site, metastatic site, tumour grade or residual tumour mass after initial surgery. Likewise, comparison of overall and disease-free survival with expression of the CD44 isoforms studied did not reveal any statistically significant associations. The up-regulation in CD44 levels in effusions, primarily in stage 3 disease, suggests that adhesion of ovarian carcinoma cells to mesothelium may be regulated at the level of CD44s expression, and provides further evidence of phenotypic alteration in the transition from primary tumour cell clones to effusions. The similar expression profile of CD44 in carcinoma cells in peritoneal and pleural effusions supports our previous observations and the hypothesis that carcinoma cells in peritoneal effusions are truly metastatic. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

人核迁移蛋C刺激人造血干细胞增殖分化为巨核细胞研究

目的:研究人核迁移蛋C(hNUDC)促进人脐血来源的CD34 细胞增殖、分化为巨核细胞的作用.方法:使用Dynal CD34体外分离系统收集人脐血CD34 细胞, 无血清甲基纤维素半固体法体外培养CD34 细胞12 d后, 显微镜下观察hNUDC对CD34 细胞分化增殖为小、中、大巨核细胞集落的形态、数目的影响;无血清液体培养体系培养CD34 细胞10 d后, 流式细胞术检测hNUDC对CD34 细胞分化增殖为CD41 细胞的表达率及其DNA倍性的影响.结果:hNUDC能够明显促进CD34 细胞分化增殖形成中小型CFU-MK集落, 可显著增加巨核细胞表面标志物CD41 的表达, CD41 细胞中DNA倍性显著地高于血小板生成素.结论:hNUDC对促进造血干细胞增殖和分化为巨核细胞具有重要作用.     

血管树突状细胞在人主动脉粥样硬化早期病变中的分布

目的：探讨血管树突状细胞在人早期动脉粥样硬化(AS)病变中的分布模式。方法：人主动脉标本15例主要取自尸检和外科手术，常规连续切片，分别行HE及S100／CD1a免疫细胞化学染色，光镜下观察S100／CD1a阳性细胞分布情况。结果：15例HE染色标本中，2例正常，13例人动脉血管可见内膜的增厚及泡沫细胞等AS早期病理表现。9例S100／CD1a染色阳性，阳性率为69．2％。S100／CD1a阳性细胞分布在病变的内膜和外膜，外膜的S100／CD1a阳性细胞主要分布在滋养血管的周围。结论：在AS早期病变部位有血管树突状细胞的聚集，主要分布在病变血管的内膜和外膜，提示血管树突状细胞可能参与了AS早期的免疫反应。     

氨基胍对去卵巢大鼠主动脉晚期糖化终末产物及血脂的影响

将 6月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组 (sham)、去卵巢组 (OVX)和去卵巢 +氨基胍组 (OVX +AG)。去除双侧卵巢 2周后用氨基胍治疗 13周。禁食 2 4h ,放血处死动物 ,取血和主动脉 ,分别测定主动脉AGEs、血脂和血清过氧化物含量。结果表明 ,与假手术组比较 ,去卵巢组主动脉AGEs、甘油三脂 (TG)、氧化低密度脂蛋白 (OX LDL)、丙二醛 (MDA)均明显升高 (分别为P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1) ;高密度脂蛋白 胆固醇 (HDL C)、载脂蛋白AⅠ (apo AⅠ )和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性均显著降低 (均P <0 0 1)。氨基胍组与病理组比较 ,主动脉AGEs、血清TG、MDA和OX LDL均明显降低 (分别为P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5、P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1) ;HDL C、apo AⅠ和SOD活性均显著升高 (均P <0 0 1)。提示氨基胍通过降低去卵巢大鼠主动脉AGEs含量 ,降低大鼠血清OX LDL和TG水平 ,升高HDL C、apo AⅠ水平和SOD活性 ,发挥其对心血管的保护作用