聚对苯撑乙炔的合成及光谱性能-共轭主链被间位苯环阻隔

报道了一种阻隔型聚对幕撑乙炔((PPE)的合成与电致发光特性，合成的模型小分子证明，在聚对苯撑乙炔(PPV)主链引入间位幕环，可阻隔PPV的有效共轭长度，改变其发光颜色，研究了电致发光暑件ITO／m-PPE／Al的电致发光特性。     

Prognostic role of alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference in acute pulmonary embolism.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the utility of the alveolar - arterial oxygen pressure difference (AaDO (2)) in predicting the short-term prognosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS AND RESULTS: This study retrospectively enrolled 114 consecutive patients with acute PE, diagnosed by either spiral computed tomography or high probability ventilation - perfusion lung scans. During the first 24 h of admission, all patients had initial artery blood gas collected under room air. Patient exclusion criteria were chronic lung disease, septic emboli, and moderate and low probability lung scans. Patients were assigned to 2 groups based on either 30-day death or a 30-day composite event. Receiver operating characteristic analyses was used to determine the AaDO(2) cut-off value for predicting primary and composite endpoints. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in AaDO(2) between the 30-day composite endpoint group and the 30-day composite event-free survival group (p=0.012). The AaDO(2) had a strong trend between the 30-day death group and the survival group (p=0.062). The best cut-off value for AaDO(2) was 53 mmHg and using this, the positive predictive value for 30-day death was 25% and the negative predictive value was 92%. For the 30-day composite endpoint, the positive predictive value for AaDO(2) was 35%, and the negative predictive value was 84%. In this study, thrombocytopenia was also an indicator of poor prognosis for patients with acute PE. CONCLUSION: The AaDO(2) measurement is a highly useful and simple measurement for predicting short-term prognosis in patients with acute PE. It has high negative predictive value and moderate positive predictive value for 30-day death and 30-day composite event. Aggressive thrombolytic treatment strategies should be considered for patients with an initial poor prognostic parameter (ie, AaDO(2) >or=53 mmHg).     

犬海水中火器伤后早期血流动力学变化

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hemodynamic changes in the early stages of gunshot wound of dogs in seawater for exploring early treatment protocol. METHOD: Fourteen conventional Beagles models undergoing gunshot wound in seawater were used along with another 2 dogs receiving the wound on land to serve as control. After the dogs were rescued from the seawater, the respiration (R), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP), and cardiac output (CO) were measured continuously in the early stages of the wound (53.62+/-12.19 min following injury), followed by statistical analysis of the results. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the hemodynamic disturbance of the dogs receiving the wound in seawater was relatively severe during the first 15 min of the wound. The mortality tended to descend relevant to the position of the wounds, in the order of the head, chest, abdomen and limbs. CONCLUSIONS: Gunshot wound in seawater may cause severe hemodynamic changes, resulting in progressive dysfunction of circulation and high mortality rate. Early treatment should be targeted at hemodynamic stabilization in accordance to the characteristic changes during the early stages of the wound.     

妊娠中晚期合并输尿管结石的急诊腔内技术处理

目的探讨妊娠中晚期合并输尿管结石急诊腔内技术处理的安全性和有效性。方法1998年6月至2005年3月,对17例妊娠中晚期合并输尿管结石急症的患者行急诊腔内技术治疗。患者年龄21～35岁,平均27岁,孕周20～36周,平均29周。表现为肾绞痛反复发作11例,发热4例,急性梗阻性无尿2例。结石位于左侧5例、右侧10例、双侧2例；结石位于输尿管上段8例、中段5例、下段2例,双侧下段2例。结石大小6mm×7mm～13mm×21mm。患侧轻度肾积水6例,中度11例。行经尿道输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石14例；输尿管上段结石推至肾盂1例；因无法进镜而单纯留置双J管2例。结果17例患者的肾绞痛、发热等症状经治疗后完全消失。结石一次取净者14例(82.4%)。残留结石者3例,留置双J管至分娩后,其中1例每3个月更换双J管。未发生先兆流产或早产等情况,无输尿管穿孔及其他并发症。留置双J管后出现排尿后腰部不适1例,3d后缓解；术后肉眼血尿1例,6d后自行消失。17例均顺利生产,婴儿健康。结论经尿道输尿管镜腔内技术治疗妊娠中晚期合并输尿管结石急性发作安全、有效。     

脱细胞尿道及其海绵体基质制备的实验研究

目的 探索脱细胞尿道及其海绵体基质的制备方法。方法取健康壮年兔完整尿道及其海绵体组织，以Triton-X100与NH3H2O联合提取法进行脱细胞处理。标本做HE染色，组织学观察分析脱细胞效果。结果脱细胞处理11天后，成功获得脱细胞及其海绵体基质，所得基质外观良好。HE染色观察无细胞存在。弹力纤维排列规整，间隙较大，结构无破坏。结论利用Triton-X100与NH3H2O联合提取法可成功制备完整无细胞尿道及其海绵体基质，为尿道再造修复提供崭新思路。     

Ketanserin降低清醒自发性高血压大鼠血压波动性的机理初探

应用计算机化清醒大鼠血流动力学测定技术，观察５－ＨＴ２受体阻滞剂Ｒｉｔａｎｓｅｒｉｎ（Ｒｉｔ）和α１受体阻滞剂哌唑嗪对清醒自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）的血压、血压波动性（ＢＰＶ）和动脉压力感受性反射血压控制部分（ＡＢＲ－ＢＰ）的效应，旨在初步探讨兼具５－ＨＴ２受体和α１受体阻滞作用地新型抗高血压药Ｋｅｔａｎｓｅｒｉｎ降低ＢＰＶ的机制。结果表明：Ｒｉｔ对ＳＨＲ无降压作用，但侧脑室给药明显提高ＡＢＲ－Ｂ     

ApoMT对CdMT肾毒性保护作用研究

本文研究了去除金属离子的金属硫蛋白（ApoMT）对镉金属硫蛋白（CdMT）肾毒性作用的影响。结果发现，与单独给予CdMT比较，ApoMT能降低尿蛋白量和尿碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性，并能促进尿Cd的排泄。肾组织形态学结果显示肾近曲小管损伤程度明显减轻。提示ApoMT对CdMT肾小管损伤具有保护作用。     

传染性非典型肺炎的影像学表现

目的　研究传染性非典型肺炎的影像学表现和特征。方法　收集 80例经临床证实的传染性非典型肺炎患者的影像学资料 ,分析其特征。结果　肺部异常表现平均出现在发热后 2 .3d ,多为片状密度增高影 ,可出现在肺内任何部位 ,多发病变占一定比例 (4 3 .8% ) ,病变变化快。CT在早期诊断和预后观察中有一定意义。结论　影像学在传染性非典型肺炎的诊断和治疗效果判定中有重要作用。     

磁源成像在母语为汉语正常人的语言功能定位中的应用

目的 采用脑磁图（magnetoencephalograph，MEG）的等价电流偶极子定位法（Equivalent current dipole，ECD）和合成孔径磁场定位法（SAMSynthetic、Aperture Magnetometry，SAM）定位母语为汉语的健康自愿者的语占中枢，探讨汉字的语言处理过程。方法 对10例母语为汉语的健康受试者给予默读真词、假词的语言任务刺激，记录刺激后产生的诱发磁场，将采集的数据与MRI叠加获得磁源性影像（MSI Magnetic source imaging）语占功能区定位川同样的方法对4例胶质瘤患者进行术前语言功能区定位，术中皮层电刺激所定位语言功能区，明确是否产生言语障碍。结果 所有受试者真词、假词均在双侧大脑半球诱发出明显的晚期磁反应波，左侧大脑半球磁反应波分化较右侧大脑半球好，Broea区俯于额下回后部，Wernicke区位于颞中同、颢上回、缘上回，Wernieke区先于Broca区出现。胶质瘤患者术巾电刺激所定位的Broca区、Wernicke区均产生言语障碍：结论母语为汉语的正常人的Broca区Wernieke区与经典的语言中枢糕本相符，MEG定位语言中枢的技术是可行的。     

Comparison of clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed blastocysts transfer in natural and hormonally controlled cycles

Objectives:To assess the clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed blastocysts transfer in natural and hormonally controlled cycles.Methods:A retrospective analysis of natural and hormonally controlled cycle for 246 frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles,the clinical pregnancy rate,implantation rate,early abortion rate were compared.Results:Of the 192 hormonally controlled cycles,the cancel rate,clinical pregnancy rate per ET,implantation rate and abortion rate were 7.3%(14/192),53.9%(96/178),38.8%(131/338)and 11.5%(11/96)respectively,whereas in 54 natural cycles,these rates were 16.7%(9/54),68.9%(31/45),52.9%(45/85)and 16.1%(5/31)respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the clinical pregnancy and abortion rate per ET,but the cancel rate and implantation rate were higher in natural cycles.However,the pregnancy and implantation rates of patients without PCOS in hormonal control cycles(57.2%,40.9%)were similar with those in natural cycles(P>0.05).Conclusion:These findings suggested that both hormonally controlled and natural cycles had similar pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocysts transfer.