音乐疗法对慢性精神分裂症病人疗效观察

精神分裂症是以基本个性改变,思维、情感、行为的分裂,精神活动的不协调为主要特征的一类最常见的精神症,病因尚示阐明,多在青壮年起病,病程迁延,缓慢进展,有发展为衰退的可能。其临床症状多表现为思维联想障碍、情感障碍、意志行为障碍、幻觉和感知综合障碍、妄想、紧张综合征     

骨髓干细胞移植治疗运动神经元病的近期效果:72例疗效分析

目的:观察自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗运动神经元病的近期疗效,探讨对其功能改善作用。方法:2004-02/10对经解放军第四六三医院神经内科临床确诊为运动神经元病的72例患者实施自体骨髓干细胞移植,围手术期给予营养神经等药物治疗。疗效评估以肌张力是否下降,言语不清、吞咽困难是否改善,抬头困难是否改善,肌束震颤次数是否减少,肌力是否增高为标准。如以上各项任何一种症状缓解即为有效。结果:5种症状均减轻者2例,任意4种症状得到缓解者6例,任意3种症状得到缓解者20例,任意2种症状得到缓解者28例,任意1种症状得到缓解者10例,所有上述5种症状均未得到缓解者6例。以上5种症状中的任何一种症状得到缓解均视为有效,有效率为92%(66/72)。无任何并发症出现。结论:自体骨髓干细胞移植具有改善运动神经元病功能障碍的可行性,近期疗效确切。     

116 例先天性巨结肠的几种免疫组化结果分析

目的 探讨是否存在能准确识别先天性巨结肠病变肠段神经节细胞的特异性抗体。方法 结合HE染色、普通光镜下肠壁神经节细胞的形态特征，并应用免疫组化技术对131例临床拟诊为HD的病变肠段行组织蛋白酶D（cathepsin D）、NSE、S－100蛋白染色，比较它们的染色结果和分布特点。结果 光镜下有116例确诊为HD，其肠壁神经丛cathepsin D表达阴性。余15例肠壁神经丛内的个别细胞虽不具备神经节细胞的典型形态特征，但cahepsin D表达阳性。而NSE、S－100只在神经纤维或神经鞘膜（施万）细胞及周围细胞中表达阳性。结论 在肠壁神经丛中，cathepsin D只标记神经细胞，具有较强的特异性和敏感性，故可作为一种辅助诊断方法，用于鉴别HD的可疑病例。     

促肝细胞生长素加小剂量肝素治疗肝硬化60例初步观察

本文报告在综合疗法的基础上，应用促肝细胞生长素（ＰＨＧＰ）加小 剂量肝素治疗肝硬化 ６０咧（治疗组），以同期综合疗法的 ５０例肝硬化患者（对照 组）为对照，结果表明：１．治疗组在恢复肝功能、降低ＡＬＴ和ＳＢ、提高白蛋白、消 退和水，改善微循环方面均优于对照组；２．ＰＨＧＦ加小剂量肝素治疗肝硬化的总 有效率为８５％，对照组为 ６２％，两组间具有非常显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）。方法简 便易行，安全可靠。     

In vivo imaging of radiation-induced tissue apoptosis by <Superscript>99m</Superscript>Tc(I)-his<Subscript>6</Subscript>-annexin A5

Objective  

A recombinant annexin A5 with the N-terminal extension of six histidine residues was labeled with ^99mTc(I)-tricarbonyl ion to produce the ^99mTc-labeled annexin A5, referred to ^99mTc(I)-his₆-annexin A5. We have explored the agent as an effective imaging probe for in vivo detecting the apoptosis of internal tissue subjected with high radiation doses in a γ-irradiated mouse model.     

Molecular imaging of small animals with fluorescent proteins: from projection to multimodality

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) have been widely adopted in cell research for protein trafficking and reporter gene expression studies, as well as to study other biological processes. However, biological tissue has high light scattering and high absorption coefficients of visible light; hence, using FPs in small animal imaging remains a challenge, especially when the FPs are located deep in the tissue. In small animals, fluorescence molecular imaging could potentially address this difficulty. We constructed fluorescence molecular imaging systems that have two modes: a planner mode (projection imaging) and a multimodality mode (fluorescence molecular tomography and micro-CT). The planner mode can provide projection images of a fluorophore in the whole body of a small animal, whereas three-dimensional information can be offered by multimodality mode. The planner imaging system works in the reflection mode and is designed to provide fast imaging. The multimodality imaging system is designed to allow quantification and three-dimensional localization of fluorophores. A nude mouse with a tumour targeted with a far-red FP, which is appropriate for in vivo imaging, was adopted to validate the two systems. The results indicate that the planner imaging system is probably suitable for high throughput molecular imaging, whereas the multimodality imaging system is fit for quantitative research.     

Clofazimine analogs with efficacy against experimental tuberculosis and reduced potential for accumulation

The global tuberculosis crisis urgently demands new, efficacious, orally available drugs with the potential to shorten and simplify the long and complex treatments for drug-sensitive and drug-resistant disease. Clofazimine, a riminophenazine used for many years to treat leprosy, demonstrates efficacy in animal models of tuberculosis via a novel mode of action. However, clofazimine's physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties contribute to side effects that limit its use; in particular, an extremely long half-life and propensity for tissue accumulation together with clofazimine's dye properties leads to unwelcome skin discoloration. We recently conducted a systematic structure-activity study of more than 500 riminophenazine analogs for anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity. We describe here the characteristics of 12 prioritized compounds in more detail. The new riminophenazine analogs demonstrated enhanced in vitro activity compared to clofazimine against replicating M. tuberculosis H37Rv, as well as panels of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant clinical isolates. The new compounds demonstrate at least equivalent activity compared to clofazimine against intracellular M. tuberculosis and, in addition, most of them were active against nonreplicating M. tuberculosis. Eleven of these more water-soluble riminophenazine analogs possess shorter half-lives than clofazimine when dosed orally to mice, suggesting that they may accumulate less. Most importantly, the nine compounds that progressed to efficacy testing demonstrated inhibition of bacterial growth in the lungs that is superior to the activity of an equivalent dose of clofazimine when administered orally for 20 days in a murine model of acute tuberculosis. The efficacy of these compounds, along with their decreased potential for accumulation and therefore perhaps also for tissue discoloration, warrants further study.     

The bumper stitch for drainage tube securement: preliminary study

Tube dislodgment is a common problem in drainage procedures. The present report compares a securement technique known as the bumper stitch, which aims to reduce tube motion and suture erosion, versus the traditional air knot. A total of 61 patients were enrolled, and 12 bumper stitches and 54 air knots were observed. Eighty-three percent of bumper tubes had no play (ie, in-and-out motion), versus 41% of the air knot tubes (P = .02); the mean amount of play with the bumper was 0.4 mm, versus 4.7 mm for the air knot (P = .007). The bumper stitch significantly reduces tube play and may therefore aid in reducing dislodgment.     

Influences of different vasopressors on stroke volume variation and pulse pressure variation

Pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume variation (SVV) during mechanical ventilation have been shown to be effective parameters to predict preload responsiveness. Although induced hypertension decreases PPV and SVV, the influences of different vasopressors on PPV and SVV are unknown. 94 patients undergoing elective otologic surgery were randomly divided into three groups: Group P (patients were given phenylephrine), Group D (patients were given dopamine), Group E (patients were given ephedrine). When surgery was ongoing and the circulation state was stable, patients were given the vasopressor to increase the systolic arterial pressure (SAP) to the pre-calculated levels: low level, 10 % < ΔSAP ≤ 20 %; medium level, 20 % < ΔSAP ≤ 30 %; high level, 30 % < ΔSAP ≤ 40 %. When invasive arterial pressure reached the target value, PPV, SVV and other parameters were recorded. Dopamine decreased the PPV and SVV more significantly than ephedrine, but less significantly than phenylephrine. The influences of phenylephrine, dopamine and ephedrine on SVV and PPV are different due to their different pharmacological mechanisms.