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31.
Leslie M. Burger MC Stebbins B. Chandor MC 《Archives of environmental & occupational health》2013,68(5):402-404
A 46-year-old man ingested approximately 50 ml of a plastic resin catalyst He developed persistent gastrointestinal bleeding, renal and hepatic failure, pneumonitis, and septicemia, and died four weeks later. Autopsy revealed chronic esophagitis and gastritis with massive intraluminal gastrointestinal hemorrhage. This case emphasizes the potential danger of ingestion of such substances. 相似文献
32.
LTC Edwin S. Beatrice MC Georg D. Frisch MBA 《Archives of environmental & occupational health》2013,68(5):322-326
The eyes of rhesus monkeys were exposed to argon (514.5 nm) and ruby (694.3 nm) laser irradiation using various retinal image diameters which were estimated by microphotometric techniques. The experimental design for both wavelengths produced image diameters of 40μ to 50μ for the “minimal” case and approximately 500μ to 1,000μ for the larger irradiance series employed. Extramacular retinal exposure sites were examined by ophthalmoscopic and histopathological techniques. Flat preparations of the pigmented epithelium and sensory layers of the retina were utilized in the confirmation of damage at low power levels. All data were statistically analyzed to establish trends, and results were compared for the wavelengths employed. Results indicate that retinal damage is primarily dependent on energy distribution as a function of image diameter and exposure duration. 相似文献
33.
34.
Myeloproliferative syndrome induced by MPSV in DBA/2 mice: presence of a mixed-colonies promoting activity (MPA) in the spleen 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Le Bousse-Kerdiles MC; Smadja-Joffe F; Klein B; Jasmin C; Comisso M; Ostertag W 《Blood》1983,61(3):520-524
The myeloproliferative syndrome induced by the myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) in DBA/2 mice stimulates the proliferation of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells (HSC) and of progenitors committed toward granulomacrophagic and erythroid cell lines. This stimulation may result from a direct effect of the MPSV on HSC or from an indirect effect via locally secreted factors. Normal isogenic bone marrow cells were incubated in the mixed colony-forming unit system in semisolid medium supplemented with conditioned media obtained after incubating neoplastic spleen cells for 3 days at 37 degrees C. These spleen conditioned media contain an activity that is physically separable from MPSV by ultracentrifugation and which, in the presence of a very low quantity of erythropoietin, can induce in vitro the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent HSC, detected by this Mix-CFU technique. We termed this activity mixed-colonies promoting activity (MPA). These results suggest that the hyperplasia of the nonlymphoid hematopoietic system in the neoplastic spleen results from an indirect effect of the MPSV on pluripotent HSC via locally secreted factors. 相似文献
35.
36.
Karl Pillemer Emily K. Chen Catherine Riffin Holly Prigerson MC Reid Leslie Schultz 《American journal of public health》2015,105(11):2237-2244
We employed the research-to-practice consensus workshop (RTP; workshops held in
New York City and Tompkins County, New York, in 2013) model to merge researcher
and practitioner views of translational research priorities in palliative care.
In the RTP approach, a diverse group of frontline providers generates a research
agenda for palliative care in collaboration with researchers. We have presented
the major workshop recommendations and contrasted the practice-based research
priorities with those of previous consensus efforts. We uncovered notable
differences and found that the RTP model can produce unique insights into
research priorities. Integrating practitioner-identified needs into research
priorities for palliative care can contribute to addressing palliative care more
effectively as a public health issue.Over the past 2 decades, palliative care has become established as a promising approach
for addressing the needs of individuals with life-threatening illnesses from a holistic,
interdisciplinary perspective. For this project, we defined palliative care as an
approach that improves the quality of life of patients and families facing the problems
encountered in life-threatening illness by preventing and relieving suffering. Core
components of palliative care include providing relief from pain and other distressing
symptoms, affirming dying as a normal process, integrating psychological and spiritual
aspects of care, enhancing the quality of life of patients, and offering support systems
to patients and their families to help them live as fully as possible until death
occurs.Research suggests that palliative care results in positive patient outcomes, greater
patient and family satisfaction, and significant cost savings.1,2 The American Public Health Association, the
World Health Organization, and the Institute of Medicine3–6 have identified the
development of a robust palliative care delivery system as a key public health issue
because of the documented ability of palliative care to deliver effective and efficient
patient- and symptom-focused care to a growing population in need.In its 2013 report the American Public Health Association specifically detailed the
public health implications of palliative care, acknowledged the growing burden of
advanced chronic illness and disease in older adults, and recommended key steps to
address the problem. This policy statement called for federal, state, and local efforts
to promote effective symptom management in populations with serious illness or at the
end of life. Other recommended initiatives included the development of a palliative care
workforce, educational programs to improve uptake and use of palliative and hospice
care, and research funding to support the expansion of palliative care initiatives.
Achieving these goals will require moving beyond traditional medical practices to
include both policies and initiatives at the public health level.Despite the potential of palliative care to address the mental and physical health needs
of individuals with advanced illness, significant knowledge gaps impede its reach and
effectiveness. Reports from scientific bodies and consensus workshops have highlighted
weaknesses in the literature and called for more research on palliative care and
improved research methods.7–10 Thus, although both interest in and demand for
palliative care are increasing, reviews of the knowledge base continue to lament the
lack of research on many key issues.11,12Especially urgent is a research agenda that fits most closely with the needs of providers
who deliver palliative care. The systematic engagement of community practitioners in a
consensus process can lead to particularly useful and actionable recommendations for
research,13–15 which are greatly needed at this stage in the
development of the field. Therefore, to shed new light on research priorities in
palliative care, we used a structured, participatory method designed to solicit
practitioner input on research priorities: the research-to-practice consensus workshop
(RTP) model.16We employed the RTP approach to identify knowledge gaps and types of studies that should
be conducted to improve providers’ ability to deliver palliative care most
effectively. This model harnesses practice wisdom by engaging clinicians, agency staff,
and other practitioners with researchers in a process of articulating and refining
research questions and research priorities that honors scientific expertise and practice
wisdom. 相似文献
37.
The effectiveness of nutritional interventions to prevent and maintain cognitive functioning in older adults has been gaining interest due to global population ageing. A systematic literature review was conducted to obtain and appraise relevant studies on the effects of dietary protein or thiamine on cognitive function in healthy older adults. Studies that reported on the use of nutritional supplementations and/or populations with significant cognitive impairment were excluded. Seventeen eligible studies were included. Evidence supporting an association between higher protein and/or thiamine intakes and better cognitive function is weak. There was no evidence to support the role of specific protein food sources, such as types of meat, on cognitive function. Some cross-sectional and case-control studies reported better cognition in those with higher dietary thiamine intakes, but the data remains inconclusive. Adequate protein and thiamine intake is more likely associated with achieving a good overall nutritional status which affects cognitive function rather than single nutrients. A lack of experimental studies in this area prevents the translation of these dietary messages for optimal cognitive functioning and delaying the decline in cognition with advancing age. 相似文献
38.
39.
Randle C. Johnson M.D. Major USAF MC Michael H. Bleshman M.D. James W. DeFord M.D. 《Diseases of the colon and rectum》1978,21(7):510-513
Summary We have presented an unusual case of benign lymphoid hyperplasia, which manifested as a cecal deformity in a 15-year-old boy.
The clinical manifestation may have been related to partial occlusion of the appendiceal orifice. In future cases of benign
lymphoid hyperplasia, colonoscopy may be diagnostic, and if it is used for continuing observation, may avert unnecessary surgical
procedures in children and young adults. 相似文献
40.
LTC Lawrence F. Johnson MC USA LTC Tom R. Demeester MC USA MAJ Roger C. Haggitt MC USA 《Digestive diseases and sciences》1978,23(6):498-509
Exposure of the distal esophageal mucosa to acid gastric juice was quantitated by 24-hr pH monitoring in 100 individuals and was correlated with morphologic data derived from esophageal biopsies. The degree of acid exposure to the distal esophagus correlated directly with increases in both relative and absolute length of the subepithelial papillae and to relative basal zone hyperplasia. Both papillary length and basal zone hyperplasia decreased after antireflux surgery had reduced acid exposure to normal. Reflux in the recumbent position resulted in prolonged exposure of the mucosa to acid because of poor acid clearing from the esophagus. This caused longer papillae than did upright reflux, where there were more frequent reflux episodes, but with rapid acid clearance. The presence of a hiatal hernia was associated with longer papilae, lower DES pressure, increased reflux frequency, and prolonged recumbent acid clearance. Twenty-four hour pH monitoring correlated better with papillary length than did symptoms or other clinical measures of gastroesophageal reflux. 相似文献