A pharmacotherapy review of the novel,oral antithrombotics

Coagulation disorders account for a high incidence of death in the U.S. due to stroke, myocardial infarction, and venous thromboembolism. In the past few years, numerous agents have been brought to market for the treatment of thromboembolism or prevention of thromboembolism. Similar to warfarin, these agents can cause bleeding disorders, which may exacerbate dental care treatment plans. This literature review examines the newer agents for the treatment of thromboembolism disorders, common side effects and drug interactions, the specific medical conditions each agent treats, and the dental perspective on how to medically management patients prescribed these medications.     

Oral health findings in athletes with intellectual disabilities at the NYC Special Olympics

This study collected data to describe the oral health in Special Olympics athletes with intellectual disabilities from New York City, using the standardized Special Olympics, Special Smiles protocol. A total of 664 self‐selected athletes with intellectual disabilities were screened between 2005 and 2008. A standardized form was used for data collection. Screenings were performed using available light or flashlight, tongue depressor, and disposable mirror. Oral hygiene, reports of oral pain, untreated caries, missing and filled teeth were recorded. The majority of the athletes were 20 years of age or older (52%). Of the examined athletes, 9% reported oral pain, 8% needed urgent care, 28% had untreated caries, 60% had filled teeth, and 32% had signs of gingival disease. Mouthguards were recommended for 26% of athletes. Our findings offer an initial evaluation of the oral health of Special Olympics athletes with intellectual disabilities in New York City. Results showed high preventive and restorative oral health needs in the Special Olympics population.     

Molecular genetic characterization of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains and assessment of their sensitivity to phage AP22

Molecular genetic analysis of 130 multidrug-resistant nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii strains was performed. The strains were obtained from patients admitted to different hospitals in large Russian cities (Chelyabinsk, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, and St. Petersburg) in 2005–2010. Species identification was performed by the amplified 16S rRNA gene restriction analysis and by determining the bla _OXA-51-like genes intrinsic for A. baumannii using PCR. Genetic typing of the strains was performed by RAPD-PCR. All strains fell into two clusters, A and B, with the dominant RAPD groups A1 and B1, respectively, including 82% (107 out of 130) of all strains under study. Susceptibility of the strains to bacteriophage AP22 was determined. The phage was shown to infect specifically and to lyse 69% of 130 strains and 82% (88 out of 107) of A. baumannii strains from the dominant RAPD groups. The ability of bacteriophage AP22 to lyse a broad range of clinically relevant A. baumannii strains makes it an attractive candidate for designing phage cocktails intended to control the A. baumannii-associated nosocomial infections. Moreover, the phage can be used for identifying A. baumannii in the bacteriological tests of clinical samples.