Spontaneous regeneration of the mandible after hemimandibulectomy: report of a case

Mandibular defects may result from many conditions such as trauma, inflammatory diseases and tumors. There are rare cases reported in the literature that have demonstrated spontaneous bone regeneration after resection of the mandible. Several factors such as age, preservation of the periosteum and genetics seem to influence spontaneous bone regeneration capacity in individuals. Evaluation of these factors may lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of spontaneous bone regeneration and also help to create new methods for bone reconstruction. The purpose of this article was to describe the spontaneous regeneration of the hemi-mandible with a well shaped condyle and coronoid after resecting a mandibular pathologic lesion in a young man.     

Full mouth implant rehabilitation of a patient with ectodermal dysplasia after orthognathic surgery, sinus and ridge augmentation: a clinical report

An 18-year-old male presented severe hypodontia due to hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia was treated with Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy with simultaneous sinus floor augmentation using the mixture of cortical autogenous bone graft harvested from iliac crest and organic Bio-Oss to position the maxilla in a right occlusal plane with respect to the mandible, and to construct adequate bone volume at posterior maxilla allowing proper implant placement. Due to the poor bone quality at other sites, ridge augmentation with onlay graft was done to construct adequate bone volume allowing proper implant placement, using tissue harvested from the iliac bone. Seven implants were placed in the maxilla and 7 implants were inserted in the mandible and screw-retained metal ceramic FPDs were fabricated. The two year follow up data showed that dental implants should be considered as a good treatment modality for patients with ectodermal dysplasia.     

Human papillomavirus genotypes in Iranian patients with cervical cancer

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HPV genotypes isolated from cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia grade III and invasive carcinomas of Iranian patients.A total of 94 cases were selected in five years from 2003 to 2007. After nucleic acid purification, real-time PCR was performed by means of GP5+/GP6+ primers. Subsequently, PCR products were sequenced, on the basis of which a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Negative samples and twelve randomly selected positive samples were also typed by reverse hybridization to increase the sensitivity and to confirm the results.Of 94 evaluated samples, 7 were negative for internal control gene and were excluded from the study. The overall genotyping results of phylogenetic analysis and hybridization methods were as follows: HPV 16: 75% (65/87); HPV 18: 3% (2/87); HPV 31: 1% (1/87); HPV 45: 1% (1/87).High frequency of HPV 16 and low frequency of HPV 18 were found in this study. Information about HPV genotype distribution is important in cervical cancer screening and prevention.     

Nanobody; an old concept and new vehicle for immunotargeting

The use of antibodies in cancer therapy has come a long way since the day Paul Ehrlich described the concept and Kohler and Milstein devised the hybridoma technology to bring this theory to reality. The synthesis of murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was the first success in this field, leading to the invention of chimerization, the production of variable fragments (Fv) with the progression to domain antibodies (dAb) and later humanization technologies to maximize the clinical utility of murine mAbs. It was just by chance that dAbs were found to exist in ?heavy chain? immunoglobulins from Camelidae family and cartilaginous fish. These unique antibody fragments interact with antigen by virtue of only one single variable domain, referred to as VHH or nanobody. Several characteristics make nanobody use superior to the abovementioned antibodies. They are non-immunogenic and show high thermal and chemical stability. There are several reports of raising specific nanobodies against enzymes, haptens, pathogens, toxins and tumor markers, which are outlined in this paper. All these characteristics make them strong candidates as targeting agents for cancer therapy.     

Pustular psoriasis of pregnancy in early first trimester: A case report

Pustular psoriasis of pregnancy is a rare skin condition which mostly affects women in the third trimester and is sometimes followed by adverse outcomes for the mother and the fetus.     

A phase I dose-escalation study of MEDI-575, a PDGFRα monoclonal antibody,in adults with advanced solid tumors

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to evaluate safety and determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of MEDI-575, a fully human monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRα), in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Methods

This phase I multicenter, open-label, single-arm study enrolled adults in a 3 + 3 dose escalation design to receive MEDI-575 (3, 6, 9, 12, or 15 mg/kg) once weekly (QW) until toxicity or disease progression occurred. One 0.5-mg/kg dose was given before the first dose in the 3-mg/kg cohort to determine pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics under unsaturated conditions. After completion of dose escalation in the QW cohorts, patients were enrolled in two additional cohorts and received MEDI-575 25 or 35 mg/kg every 3 weeks (Q3W). Secondary measures included assessments of PK, immunogenicity, and antitumor activity.

Results

A total of 35 patients received MEDI-575 QW (n = 23) or Q3W (n = 12). Most treatment-related adverse events were grade 1 or 2 in severity across all dose levels, with fatigue (n = 12) and nausea (n = 8) being reported most frequently. With no reports of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), the MTD was not reached. MEDI-575 exhibited a nonlinear PK profile and increased plasma platelet-derived growth factor-AA levels in a dose-dependent manner with limited immunogenicity. Stable disease was reported as the best tumor response in 9 of 29 evaluable patients; however, no objective responses were reported.

Conclusion

Administration of MEDI-575 QW or Q3W resulted in a favorable safety profile, including a lack of DLTs, but without evidence of antitumor activity in patients with refractory solid tumors.     

Efficacy of Cisplatin-loaded polybutyl cyanoacrylate nanoparticles on the glioblastoma

Glioblastoma is known as one of the most aggressive human cancers. To gain access of the brain, therapeutic agents must overcome blood–brain barrier (BBB). In this study, Cisplatin (Cispt)-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared through miniemulsion polymerization technique. They were coated with polysorbate 80 to cross the BBB of glioblastoma-bearing rats. Prepared NPs were characterized with respect to their size, size distribution, zeta potential, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency, cytotoxicity effects, drug release, and stability pattern. Size and zeta potential of nanodrug were found to be 489 nm and ?20 mV, while drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were determined to be 5 % and 25 %, respectively. Release studies demonstrated high retention capability of nanodrug in that 3.18 % of Cispt was released from NPs in a period of 51 h. NPs presented acceptable stability after 2 months and lyophilization. Mean survival time in nanodrug receivers was 19.6 days, while it was 17.5 days for free drug receivers. Histological studies demonstrated efficacy of PBCA NPs in reducing side effects. Finally, such preparation can be considered as a promising nanocarrier for other types of tumor.     

Association of functional polymorphism at the miR-502-binding site in the 3′ untranslated region of the SETD8 gene with risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia,a preliminary report

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, bind to the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs, where they interfere with translation of genes and are implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. In the present study, we evaluate the impact of rs16917496 polymorphism within the miR-502 miRNA seed region at the 3′UTR of SEDT8 on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This case-control study was done on 75 ALL and 115 healthy children. Genotyping of rs16917496 C/T polymorphism was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The results showed that CT as well as CT?+?TT decreased the risk of ALL in comparison with CC genotype (odds ratio (OR)?=?0.29, 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI)?=?0.11–0.78, P?=?0.014 and OR?=?0.31, 95 % CI?=?0.12–0.82, P?=?0.016, respectively). Our results demonstrated that SETD8 rs16917496 C/T polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of developing pediatric ALL in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Larger studies with different ethnicities are desired to validate our findings.     

The Relationship Between Gastric Cancer and Helicobacter Pylori in Formaldehyde Fixed Paraffin Embedded Gastric Tissues of Gastric Cancer Patients-Scorpion Real-Time PCR Assay Findings

Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and it seems that environmental and lifestyle factors and infection with Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)have had a major role in the etiology of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of H. pylori DNA in archival gastric tissues of patients with gastric cancer disease by rapid, sensitive and specific technique of Scorpion Realtime PCR. This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 285 paraffin embedded gastric specimens of patients who were pathologically proved for gastric cancer admitted in Bou-Ali, Shahid Rajaie and Dehkhoda hospitals and Bahar and Farzam private laboratory in Qazvin city in Iran during 2009 and 150 paraffin embedded pathological specimens of patients with other proved diagnosis other than gastric cancer. Results of our Scorpion Realtime PCR analysis showed that DNA of H. pylori DNA was present in 78.42 % of our total specimens. Modified McMullen’s Staining of paraffin embedded sections was positive in 210 patients. Also we were not able to finding significant relationship between demographic characteristics of our studied patients and presence of H. pylori DNA in their formaldehyde fixed paraffin embedded gastric tissues samples. Existence of H. pylori in gastric tissue samples of patients with gastric cancer is controversial and our results indicated that in our studied specimens prevalence of H.pylori was significantly more than recent published reports.