52例针灸结合刺络放血治疗骨性膝关节炎临床观察及护理

[目的]观察针灸结合刺络放血法治疗骨性膝关节炎的临床疗效和护理效果.[方法]对52例骨性膝关节炎病人采用针灸结合刺络放血治疗,并给予活动与功能锻炼指导,将治疗前和治疗20 d后病人疼痛程度、晨僵、肿胀、日常步行活动能力以及疼痛缓解时间进行分级评分比较.[结果]治疗前后各项指标的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).[结论]针灸配合刺络放血法结合活动指导及功能锻炼治疗骨性膝关节炎,能够快速缓解病人关节疼痛、肿胀、晨僵,改善步行能力,从而提高生活质量.     

经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折

[目的]观察经皮椎体成形术（PVP）治疗疼痛性高龄骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的临床疗效。[方法]在C臂X线透视监控下，以骨水泥（PMMA）为充填材料，经单侧或双侧椎弓根穿刺行PVP治疗6例、脊柱后凸成行术治疗2例。[结果]术中无骨水泥渗漏，术后患者疼痛明显缓解或消失，无1例出现严重并发症。[结论]PVP治疗疼痛性高龄骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折是安全、有效、经济的。     

针刺对急性心肌缺血大鼠血清NO、血浆ET-1、NO/ET-1比值的影响

目的探讨针刺华佗夹脊穴改善急性心肌缺血的作用机制。方法采用大剂量盐酸异丙肾上腺素(ISO.100mg/kg)皮下注射建立大鼠急性心肌缺血模型。选健康SD大鼠40只,随机分为针刺治疗组、针刺预防组、模型组和空白对照组。观察针刺左侧胸4、胸5夹脊穴及左侧足三里穴对急性心肌缺血大鼠血清一氧化氮(NO)、血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)及NO/ET-1比值及ECG的影响。结果针刺治疗能够提高急性心肌缺血大鼠血清NO的含量,降低其血浆ET-1的含量,从而提高NO/ET-1比值。结论针刺华佗夹脊穴具有改善急性心肌缺血大鼠的血管内皮功能,在一定程度上纠正内皮功能紊乱的作用。针刺预防的上述作用不明显。     

Related factors of cognitive impairment after stroke

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment after stroke associates with various factors, such as age, educational years, etc. Besides concerning about the recovery of limb function after stroke, we should also focus on the rehabilitation of cognition. Moreover, we'd better pay attention to the control of all the risk factors of stroke, and improve the quality of life in stroke patients. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors that affect cognitive impairment after stroke. DESIGN: A related factors analysis. SETTINGS: Department of Neurology of Dalian Port Hospital and Dalian Second People's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 148 stroke inpatients were selected from Department of Neurology, Dalian Port Hospital and Dalian Second People's Hospital from April 2004 to December 2005, including 100 males and 48 females, aging 45-75 years with an average age of (67±8) years; Their educational years ranged 2-10 years with an average of (6.1±3.7) years; The disease course ranged 15-30 days; All were right-handed. Inclusive criteria: All were accorded with the diagnostic standard set by the Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease; Confirmed by CT or MRI; Informed consents were obtained from all the subjects. METHODS: After the disease conditions were stable, the patients were assessed with Wechsler memory scale (WMS) and Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST). WMS included forward and backward recitation of numbers and short-term memory (verbal memory, visual recognition). The number of times for correct and wrong classifications in WCST and the time to complete the trail making tests A and B were recorded. The focal volume, area and layer were recorded at 24 hours after admission. The general data of the patients were recorded, including name, sex, age, educational years, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus. Electroencepalograph (EEG) was examined to record the wave shape, blood lipids were detected, and the cognition related indexes were analyzed with the Pearson correlation analysis. The correlation between cognitive indexes after stroke and the influencing factors were analyzed with multiple linear regression analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Correlation between cognitive indexes and imaging indexes; ② Influencing factors for cognitive indexes after stroke. RESULTS: All the 148 stroke patients were involved in the analysis of results. ① Correlation between cognitive indexes and CT indexes: There were obvious negative correlations between numerical symbol and focal layer (r =-0.234, P < 0.05), as well as between verbal memory and the focal area and volume (r =-0.363, -0.279, P < 0.05); Trail making test A had obvious positive correlation with focal area and volume (r =0.256, 0.256, P < 0.05). Results of multiple linear regression analysis: Correct classification was correlated with triglyceride (partial wave and θ wave (partial regression coefficient=0.231-0.908, P < 0.05); Verbal memory was correlated with EEG α wave, focal volume, sex, educational years and diabetes mellitus (partial regression coefficient=0.219-1.017, P < 0.05-0.01). Visual recognition had correlation with educational years and hypertension (partial regression coefficient=0.326, -1.163, P < 0.01). Trail making tests A and B were correlated with focal volume (partial regression coefficient=4.680, -18.561, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The factors that affect the cognitive function after stroke include sex, age, educational years, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, triglyceride, EEG wave shape, and the focal area, volume and layer     

Longitudinal Analysis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus-Specific Antibody in SARS Patients

The serum antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus of 18 SARS patients were checked at 1 month and every 3 months after disease onset. All of them except one, who missed blood sampling at 1 month, tested positive for the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody at 1 month. Fifteen out of 17 tested positive for the IgM antibody at 1 month. The serum IgM antibody of most patients became undetectable within 6 months after the onset of SARS. The IgG antibody of all 17 patients, whose serum was checked 1 year after disease onset, remained positive.     

体重指数、腰围、腰臀比与血压、血糖、血脂关系的探讨

目的 探讨体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、腰臀比(WHR)与代谢性因素的关系.方法 对镇江市居民基线资料的1108例对象按BMI、WC、WHR分组.在正常体重、超重、肥胖;腰围正常、腰围过大;腰臀比正常、腰臀比过大各组中,比较收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、血糖(FBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的水平.结果 不论男性女性组,超重肥胖、腰围过大组,血压、血糖、血脂水平与正常组比较均明显升高;腰臀比过大组与正常组比较,男性组TG、FBG明显升高;HDL-C明显降低;女性组TG、FBG、SBP明显升高,HDL-C明显降低.结论 BMI、WC、WHR指标与代谢性因素密切相关;BMI、WC在提示肥胖程度方面优于WHR指标.     

多发性硬化患者中IL-12和孕酮的检测及其临床意义

目的检测IL-12和孕酮在多发性硬化(MS)患者中的水平,探讨男、女性多发性硬化患者存在的发病机制,比较男、女性MS患者在临床上发病的差异。方法采用酶联免疫(ELISA)法检测60例MS患者的脑脊液和40例患者血液中IL-12的水平,应用放射免疫法测定40例MS患者血液中孕酮的含量,并与40例正常对照组比较(以上标本男女各半)。结果男、女性MS患者血液中和脑脊液IL-12的含量明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);女性患者血液中孕酮的含量明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),男性患者血液中孕酮的含量与正常对照组差别不明显(P>0.05);女性患者血液中孕酮对IL-12的含量存在负相相关作用(r=-0.80,P<0.01),男性相关作用不明显(r=-0.38,P>0.05)。结论IL-12参与多发性硬化的发病过程;孕酮可能是男、女性患者发病差异性的原因之一。     

直肠Ca男性患者手术病人麻醉后插尿管的临床观察

目的观察直肠Ca男性患者手术麻醉后插尿管对患者的好处。方法对92例直肠Ca手术男性患者随机分成实验组及对照组进行麻醉后插尿管及常规术前1小时插尿管做法对比。结果直肠Ca手术男性患者选择麻醉后插尿管更优于术前1小时常规插尿管,成功率更高。结论直肠Ca男性患者手术采用麻醉后插尿管值得推广采用。     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

多站点综合性毕业考试的改革与实践

我校改革临床医学专业毕业考试模式与方法，在临床实习过程中组织多站点综合性考试，采用闭卷笔试方法考核临床理论知识，占70％；采用实践操作与现场口试方法考核临床技能及相关知识，占20％；采用开卷笔试方法考核医疗文书书写，占10％。实践证明，此项改革能促进医学生端正实习态度，调动实习的积极性与主动性，引导医学生在实习中重视理论学习与临床实践的密切结合，促进临床教学质量的提高。