冠心病指南中有关心电图的解读

有关冠心病的国际指南主要有5个：①ACC／AHA处理ST段抬高型心肌梗死指南（1999年第1版，2004年修改）；②ACC／AHA处理不稳定型心绞痛和非ST段抬高型心肌梗死指南（2000年第1版，2002年第2版，2007年再修改）；③ACC／AHA的处理慢性稳定型心绞痛指南（1999年第1版，2002年修改）；     

AN-132 block of cardiac sodium channels: A gate-related receptor analysis

Summary Based on the gate-related receptor hypothesis, an analysis of kinetics of AN-132, a new antiarrhythmic agent, blockade of cardiac sodium channels and the gate-related receptor which is bound by the drug was performed by computer simulation. Model-predicted apparent rates of onset of AN-132 (30 μmol/L) blocking were 0.051, 0.038, and 0.034 AF⁻¹ at stimulation frequencies of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Hz, respectively. The time constant of recovery from block by AN-132 at resting potential -90 mV was 39.5 s. These findings are in agreement with those experimental data documented. The analysis of gate-related receptor shows that AN-132 binds the inactivation gate-related receptor, and the binding and unbinding are modulated by the inactivation process.     

吸附澄清法在中药水提液澄清中的应用研究

采用吸附澄清法使中药水提液澄清,从工艺稳定性,成分分析,药效学实验及效益分析四方面分析了两种工艺,吸附澄清法同水提醇沉法相比,能更有效地保留中药总固体物含量及有效成分,提高制剂成品的内在质量;成品稳定性好;成本低;生产周期短;劳动强度低,可望产生良好的社会经济效益。     

Spinal cholinergic and monoamine receptors mediate the antinociceptive effect of morphine microinjected in the periaqueductal gray on the rat tail, but not the feet

The antinociceptive effects of morphine (5 μg) microinjected into the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray were determined using both the tail flick and the foot withdrawal responses to noxious radiant heating in lightly anesthetized rats. Intrathecal injection of appropriate antagonists was used to determine whether the antinociceptive effects of morphine were mediated byα₂-noradrenergic, serotonergic, opioid, or cholinergic muscarinic receptors. The increase in the foot withdrawal response latency produced by microinjection of morphine in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray was reversed by intrathecal injection of the cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine, but was not affected by the a2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine, the serotonergic receptor antagonist methysergide, or the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. In contrast, the increase in the tail flick response latency produced by morphine was reduced by either yohimbine, methysergide or atropine. These results indicate that microinjection of morphine in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray inhibits nociceptive responses to noxious heating of the tail by activating descending neuronal systems that are different from those that inhibit the nociceptive responses to noxious heating of the feet. More specifically, serotonergic, muscarinic cholinergic andα₂-noradrenergic receptors appear to mediate the antinociception produced by morphine using the tail flick test. In contrast, muscarinic cholinergic, but not monoamine receptors appear to mediate the antinociceptive effects of morphine using the foot withdrawal response.     

Comparative study of three fluorescent dyes for angiography: sodium fluorescein, carboxyfluorescein, and calcein

To compare the characteristics of carboxyfluorescein (CF) and calcein (Calc) with those of sodium fluorescein (Naf), the only fluorescent dye currently in clinical use, we performed angiography in rabbits and primates using these three dyes. The circulation decay time of all dyes was longer in primates than in rabbits. In primates, CF and Calc had longer decay times than Naf. Calc produced the greatest contrast between the choroidal and retinal vasculature. Tissue staining and dye leakage into the vitreous immediately after retinal photocoagulation were minimal with Calc, moderate with CF, and marked with Naf. The limited leakage and longer circulation time of Calc may permit simultaneous angiography and photocoagulation therapy without obscuring the fundus view with leaking dye from the photocoagulated structure.     

涎腺腺样囊性癌氩离子激光流式细胞术分析及其临床意义

为探讨流式细胞术对涎腺腺样囊性癌的诊断和预后估计的价值，对４１例腺样囊性癌行流式细胞术分析。结果，平均ＤＮＡ指数为１．１７９，Ｓ期细胞比例为２９．４９％，细胞增殖指数为４２．６７％，均明显高于正常组织。异倍体检出率为７０．７３％。随着肿瘤的增大和恶性程度的增加，其异倍体率、ＤＮＡ指数和Ｓ期细胞比例值也相应增加。流式细胞术为涎腺腺样囊性癌的病理诊断和确定恶性程度提供了有效的辅助诊断措施，但尚不能判断预后。     

母体钙代谢与补钙对妊娠的影响

妊娠期缺钙严重影响母婴的安全健康 ,其原因是由于妊娠期母体钙代谢发生变化 ,使母体血清游离钙离子浓度降低 ,血清铅浓度增高。有关研究表明 ,母体缺钙导致血铅竞争性过高 ,使胎儿身长、体重均小于胎龄儿 ,胎儿宫内发育迟缓的发生率增高 ,甚至发生早产、死胎等。同时发现血清钙离子可能对内源性一氧化氮合成释放起调节作用 ,而内皮素是最强的缩血管物质之一 ,母体补钙可调节一氧化氮与内皮素的平衡 ,从而降低妊高征的发生率。因此孕期补充钙剂是非常重要的。     

PCNA在乳腺病变组织中的表达与病理学特性关系

本文运用增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)单克隆抗体对88例乳腺病变组织进行免疫组化研究,并与乳腺癌组织学分级和淋巴结转移作了对比分析,结果显示:乳腺良性病变阳性率为16%,乳腺癌为73.02%,两者比较有显著性差异P<0.01),pCNA指数与乳腺癌组织学分级淋巴结转移密切相关.作者认为PCNA的表达对区分良恶性病变及组织学分级,淋巴(?)转移(?)为客观可靠,是(?)癌预后判断的良好指标.     

核素、多普勒和心尖搏动图反映冠心病左室舒张功能的比较——Fish判别分析

用电子计算机对核素、多普勒和心尖搏动图中的8项左室舒张功能指标进行判别分析,比较各指标与冠心病的密切程度。结果显示患者年龄和各项舒张功能指标明显不同于正常组。判别方程为:Z=0.21X_1+23.86X_2-22.88X_3-0.18X_4+2.83X_5+2.06X_6+66.86X_7+1.66X_8。临界值为42.99。判别正确率为100％。各指标的贡献率大小依次为EV/AV,1/3FF,A/E-O,PFR,DATI,EDC,IRT和1/3FFd。提示:多普勒EV/AV与冠心病的关系最为密切,核素的1/3FF次之,心尖搏动图的A/E～O亦是一个较好的指标。     

唾液NAG酶周期性变化及其应用研究

本研究对123例月经周期正常妇女的N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(简称NAG酶)进行162个周期的观察,使用对硝基苯—N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷作底物与唾液中的NAG酶进行酶促反应。在一定条件下NAG酶作用于底物产生N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖和对硝基酚,再加一定量的碱溶液终止其酶反应,使对硝基酚呈黄色,然后进行比色,并以尿样LH(单克隆抗体酶免疫法)作为对照观察周期性变化。结果表明:在排卵前和排卵期NAG酶活性上升,通常在下次月经前13～17天之间。准确率90％与尿样LH对照符合率95％。