广西边远少数民族学生体型及体质量指数3年追踪**

背景: 前期研究表明广西18~22岁少数民族学生体质量偏轻。 目的：拟进一步了解广西2645名少数民族学生体型及体质健康状况，寻找影响的关联因子。 设计、时间及地点：追踪调查，于2004-12/2007-12在广西民族大学完成。 对象：广西民族大学2003/2005三次体质健康测试的全体学生2 645人。男1 337人，女1308人，年龄为18~20岁，共15个民族。 方法：根据2003年教育部、体育总局《学生体质健康标准（试行方案）》和实施方法分为形态指标、技能指标和身体素质指标3大类。对2 645名少数民族身体机能与体质量指数变化的跟踪调查。 主要观察指标：身高、体质量、肺活量、立定跳远、坐位体前屈、体质量指数。 结果：①广西民族大学2003级学生大学3年期间男生身高、体质量增长率比全国同期多2.45%，身体形态发育正处于高峰期，女生成偏瘦型体型，身体形态发育情况总体欠佳。②男女学生在刚入校时肺活量机能较差，远远低于同期全国平均水平。3年后男生肺活量增长率为11.55%、女生肺活量增长率为27.72%，分别高于全国同期肺活量增长率。③坐位体前屈机能高于同期全国平均水平，男生呈逐年上升趋势，同期全国男性呈下降趋势；同期全国乡村女生均呈逐年上升趋势。④立定跳远机能提高较大，3年后增长率为18.15%，明显高于全国同期立定跳远增长率水平的2.61%。女生立定跳远机能总体不如全国同期水平。⑤体质量指数总体与同期全国乡村男女学生体质量指数比较稍低一些(P < 0.01)。 结论：2 645名少数民族学生发育正处于高峰期；肺活量机能不及全国同期平均水平。男女体质量指数分布有所不同，体质量偏轻者女生多于男生，表明学生营养状况总体欠佳。     

心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状2050例心理干预治疗分析

目的:了解心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状的情况并探讨心理干预等对焦虑抑郁症状的影响。方法:对住院的2050例心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状的患者进行回顾性分析。结果:心血管疾病患者中并发有焦虑抑郁症状者占56%;其常表现为类似心绞痛、左心衰竭症状,可并发有心律失常;高血压病并发有焦虑抑郁患者对血压升高的耐受性差,动态血压检查以非勺型改变者居多;单纯使用心血管药物治疗效果欠佳,心理干预,焦虑抑郁症状严重者结合抗焦虑抑郁药物疗效显著。结论:心血管疾病患者常并发焦虑抑郁症状,心理干预治疗等可有效改善患者的症状。     

Studies on Toxicity of Nitroquine-Dapsone Compound and Therapeutic Effects of Folic or Folinic Acid on Toxicated Animals

The toxic effects of nitroquine-dapsone compound(NQD)in mice and dogs were studied.The therapeutic index of NQDin mice is 1911,the greatest among the 6 antimalarials tested.Thetoxic effects of NQD(50 mg/kg/day for 3 days per os)and nitro-quine in dogs were manifested by injuries on the adrenal cortexand intestinal epithelium.When folic acid(4 mg/kg/day for 4 days)or calcium leucovorinum(0.3 mg/kg/day for 4 days)were usedconcomitantly with NQD,the death rate and the incidence of dia-rrhea in the toxicated dogs were greatly reduced,the injury on theintestinal epithelium was much milder,and the goblet cells weremuch more numerous than those without treatment.The results suggestthat folic acid and calcium leucovorinum can protect the undifferen-tiated cells in the intestinal crypts from being injured by NQD.     

无水酒精阻滞大鼠腹腔神经丛后脊髓、孤束核C-FOS和NOS-1的表达

目的:通过免疫组化的方法研究无水酒精阻滞大鼠腹腔神经丛后脊髓和延髓孤束核内CFOS和NOS1的表达。材料和方法:对70只Wistar大鼠实施手术,建立实验动物模型。分5组于术后不同时间取得脊髓和延髓样本,并用标准方法对其进行CFOS和NOS1免疫组化染色,观察脊髓和延髓孤束核CFOS和NOS1的表达。结果:无水酒精阻滞后脊髓后角、延髓孤束核神经元细胞内均有CFOS和NOS1表达。结论:无水酒精阻滞腹腔神经丛后,短时间内脊髓后角和延髓孤束核内CFOS和NOS1表达阳性,表明FOS和NOS1与内脏信息在脊髓水平的传导有关。CFOS和NOS1参与了内脏信息在孤束核内的传导。     

Delta hepatitis virus infection in China

To assess the prevalence, epidemiological features and prognostic implications of hepatitis D (Delta) in Sichuan Province, The People's Republic of China, 649 sera (515 from HBsAg positive patients and 134 from HBsAg negative subjects) were tested by radioimmunoassay (RIA) for antibody to the hepatitis D virus (anti-HD). Forty-seven sera (7.2%) showed some degree of reactivity. Serial dilutions of these sera indicated that prozoning was not responsible for the equivocal results. Thirty-four of the 47 sera were submitted under code to a second laboratory for independent analysis. According to those results anti-HD antibodies were detected in four of these sera. The overall prevalence of anti-HD in the HBsAg positive patients therefore was 0.8% (4/515). On the basis of clinical, biochemical and histological data 427 HBsAg positive sera were further divided into acute Type B hepatitis, chronic Type B hepatitis, healthy carrier state and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) subgroups. Two of 65 (3.1%) anti-HD positive sera belonged to the acute Type B hepatitis group; one of 104 (0.9%), the chronic Type B hepatitis group and one of 246 (0.4%), the healthy carrier group. No antibody was detected in sera from 12 HBsAg positive HCC patients. All HBsAg negative patients were negative for anti-HD antibody. The results of this study indicate that despite a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection, positive serology for delta virus is uncommon in Sichuan Province, The People's Republic of China.     

氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐粉剂的应用

消灭钉螺是控制和阻断血吸虫病传播途径、防止血吸虫感染的最有效措施之一,而化学灭螺仍然是我国目前控制和消灭钉螺的主要手段。1953年发现五氯酚钠后,由于其易溶于水,使用方便,杀灭钉螺效果好,很快得到了大规模应用,是国内外使用最广泛的杀螺剂[1]。但由于五氯酚钠对人、畜及     

脊柱复合性损伤的救治风险与早期治疗

目的评估脊柱复合性损伤的特点和救治风险,探讨风险控制与最佳治疗的方法。方法采用AIS、ISS、TRISS及APACHEⅡ等评分方法对273例脊柱复合性损伤患者进行定量评价与救治分类,并依据伤后的损伤分级、参数评定及计量评分等指标进行量化分析和统计处理。结果颈椎合并伤115例,胸椎合并伤141例,胸腰椎合并伤294例,腰骶椎合并伤181例;患者的救治风险和脊椎伤的治疗选择或手术时机与其合并伤的解剖伤势及由此所构成的整体伤情密切相关(P<0.01或<0.05);高风险性伤员往往综合伤势严重,生存概率(Ps)趋低,并发症和死亡率高(P<0.01或<0.05)。结论脊柱脊髓损伤常合并有严重的多发伤,高危伤情不仅可增加其救治风险和脊柱伤的处理难度,且还易于丧失手术最佳时机。分类救治对伤员的风险控制和脊柱伤的专科治疗是有益的。     

Disruption of cellular energy balance by suramin in intact human prostatic carcinoma cells, a likely antiproliferative mechanism.

The antiparasitic drug, suramin, has antiproliferative effects in human carcinoma cells. It has been suggested that this occurs through blockade of growth factor-receptor interactions. Three types of evidence that suramin rapidly inhibits cellular respiration or disrupts cellular energy balance in intact cells of the human prostate carcinoma cell line, DU145, are presented. Beginning at approximately 10(-4) M, suramin rapidly causes dose-dependent inhibition of tetrazolium conversion by mitochondrial dehydrogenases in intact cells, demonstrating an inhibition of respiration. This effect is reversed by exchange with suramin-free media but not by pretreatment with serum, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor I, acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors, or calcium. Rhodamine 123 (10 micrograms/ml) uptake by mitochondria in intact DU145 cells is inhibited in the presence of 10(-3) M suramin. Treatment with 10(-4)-10(-3) M suramin causes the loss of rhodamine 123 from cells with mitochondria prestained with rhodamine 123, indicating that suramin is acting as an ionophore or respiratory poison. Also shown by electron microscopy are progressive toxic changes in mitochondria of DU145 cells within 1 h after treatment with 10(-4) M suramin. These data indicate that in intact DU145 cells 10(-4) M suramin rapidly disrupts cellular energy balance or respiration as seen by three studies of mitochondrial state. Disruption of energy balance or respiration represents a likely antiproliferative mechanism, as is thought to be a primary mechanism for the action of suramin in parasitic diseases. This proposed mechanism of action for suramin can explain the most prominent observed clinical toxicities of nephrotoxicity, adrenal toxicity, coagulopathy, and demyelinating neuropathy.     

MRI技术对高原人群颅脑脱髓鞘疾病回顾性研究

目的研究高原地区,脱髓鞘疾病与中老年人疾病等因素的关系。方法对我院所有接受过磁共振头部扫描的病人进行评估,确诊出40位脱髓鞘疾病患者,并对大脑7个部位的脱髓鞘疾病按严重性分4级打分,统计临床数据,最后运用统计学方法分析其相关性。结果在40例患者中,出现在大脑半球、放射冠、半卵圆中心和脑室前后角的脑白质损伤频率最多,分别占总量的50%、67.5%、77.5%和87.5%。脑白质损伤患者的平均年龄为47.1岁,这比世界其他地区都有明显的提前。男性患者将近是女性患者的3倍(29∶11)。年龄、慢性高原红细胞增多症、收缩压、脑梗塞与脑白质损伤正相关(P<0.05)。结论对于高海拔地区,有效控制高原心血管疾病的发生对于减少颅脑脱髓鞘疾病的发生具有重要意义。