2016年4月—2022年3月深圳市和济南市流感病原学监测及流行特征

目的 分析在新型冠状病毒肺炎流行背景下,2016年4月—2022年3月国内深圳市和济南市流感流行特点,了解我国南北方地区流感流行差异。 方法 使用深圳市和济南市国家级哨点医院2016—2022监测年度流感样病例(ILI)和流感病原学监测资料,分析流感流行特征和趋势。 结果 2016—2022监测年度深圳市和济南市国家级哨点医院的门急诊病例中流感样病例百分比(ILI%)分别为2.25%、3.45%。两地区ILI%最高的年份均为2021—2022监测年度。ILl年龄构成均以0~4岁为主(分别占40%、46%)。按月分析两地区流感病毒分离阳性率与ILI%变化的相关性,两者趋势均存在正相关(r=0.238,P<0.05;r=0.425,P<0.001)。两地区不同监测年度流感优势毒株型别均不相同,呈交替变化,但每年流行的型别及高峰期的优势毒株型别基本一致。 结论 2020—2021监测年度即新型冠状病毒肺炎流行初期,深圳市和济南市流感活跃程度明显低于往年平均水平且流行毒株型别单一,其余监测年度基本符合我国南、北方地区流感流行特征。     

Microsurgical restoration of distal digital function

Advances in microsurgery have produced multiple options for microsurgical restoration of distal digital function. However, because of the complexity of most mutilating hand injuries, these possibilities can be readily overlooked. A surgical awareness of these options for "like" tissue transplantation is now necessary for complete mutilating hand injury care. These "minor" aesthetic and functional microsurgical procedures can be major factors in overall patient acceptance and utilization of the reconstructed hands.     

五味与毒性关系的探讨

毒性的产生应有物质基础,这种物质基础就是五味,中药的功效和毒性均来自五味。在五味中有毒药物的数量以辛、苦味为多,甘味最少,酸、咸味居中。     

肿瘤坏死因子新型免疫抑制剂的构建、表达和鉴定

目的 用鸡卵清溶菌酶(Hen egg-white lysozyme，HEL)T辅助细胞表位序列替换hTNF-α3^ 末端序列，构建和表达hTNF-α新型免疫抑制剂。方法 将重组的hTNF-α HEL克隆、表达、纯化后进行初步的生物学活性鉴定。结果 DNA测序分析表明，重组的hTNF-α HEL3^ 末端序列与设计序列完全相同。将其插入pBV220表达载体中，重组菌经42℃诱导4h做SDS-PAGE分析，结果 显示该免疫抑制剂获得了表达，Mt为17000，其表达量为菌体总蛋白量的30％。Western blot结果证实，该表达蛋白可与抗TNF-α抗体产生免疫反应。对该表达蛋白进行了阴离子交换柱纯化，获得的重组蛋白的纯度可达95％以上。对该蛋白的体外杀伤活性检测表明，该蛋白已完全丧失了TNF-α的体外杀伤活性。结论 上述实验结果证明，TNF-α免疫抑制剂的构建获得了成功，该免疫抑制剂既保持了与TNF-α抗体结合的能力又失去了TNF-α的杀伤活性，为其下一步治疗作用的研究奠定了基础。     

K562细胞转染HLA-B分子对NK细胞杀伤功能的影响

为了研究不同HLA B分子对NK细胞杀伤活性的影响 ,我们分别构建pcDNA3 HLA B 390 5 2、B 2 70 4、B 5 1 0 2 2基因真核表达载体 ;借助脂质体将各质粒转染入K5 6 2细胞 ,经G4 1 8筛选 ,分别获得阳性表达细胞株 ;并应用LDH法检测转染细胞对不同个体外周血NK细胞杀伤活性的抑制效应。结果显示 :与转染了空质粒的对照组相比 ,外周血NK细胞对K5 6 2 B39的杀伤率无明显影响 ,而对K5 6 2 B2 7,K5 6 2 B5 1的杀伤率降低。当使用针对NK细胞受体KIR3DL1的单抗DX9封闭NK细胞后 ,此抑制效应大部分消失。提示靶细胞表达HLA Bw4分子可明显抑制NK细胞的杀伤效应 ,而表达HLA Bw6分子对NK细胞杀伤功能无明显影响     

月经初潮年龄对壮族女大学生体型分布的影响

目的　探讨月经初潮年龄对女大学生体型分布的影响。方法　对 10 3名 2 0岁壮族女大学生的月经初潮年龄进行调查研究 ,并作Heath Carter体型分析。结果　得出 4个不同月经初潮年龄组的体型均值和 10 3名 2 0名壮族女大学生的体型均值 ,表明均为三胚中间型体型。结论　壮族女大学生的体型不受月经初潮年龄的影响。     

转FL、GM-CSF基因的人骨髓基质细胞促进脐血CD34+细胞体外扩增

研究转FL、GM-CSF基因的基质细胞对脐血CD34+细胞的扩增效应.将转FL、GM-CSF基因的入骨髓基质细胞系与脐血CD34+细胞共培养,观察细胞总数、CD34+细胞数、CFU-GM的变化情况.培养到第4周时,第(4)组(SCF+IL-3+IL-6+GM-CSF+FL)和第(8)组(HFCL/hGM-CSF+HFCL/hFL+SCF+IL-3+IL-6)的细胞总数增加到最大,分别扩增了717±24.47和709±63.63,第1周,第(5)组(HFCL+SCF+IL-3+IL-6)扩增了10.5±2.08倍,较第(8)组减少(P＜0.05).第1周时,CD34+细胞总数第(4)组和第(8)组分别扩增了8.44倍和11.5倍(P＜0.05),CD34+细胞百分率第(7)组(FCL/hFL+SCF+IL-3+II,-6)为50.2%,第(6)组(HFCL/hGM-CSF+SCF+IL-3+IL-6)为28.95%(P＜0.01).第2周,各组CFU-GM增加显著,以第(4)组和第(8)组增加最为明显,以后随扩增时间延长,造血细胞集落数、集落体积逐渐减少.表明转FL、GM-CSF基因的基质细胞,能有效的协同其他细胞因子对脐血CD34+细胞产生明显的扩增作用,能显著改变基质细胞造血功能.     

Proanthocyanidin: a natural crosslinking reagent for stabilizing collagen matrices

While attempting to find a suitable crosslinking reagent for biopolymers, a naturally occurring proanthocyanidin (PA) obtained from grape seeds was selected to fix biological tissues. The cytotoxicity and crosslinking rate, reflected by the in vitro and in vivo degradation of fixed matrices has been studied. The shrinkage temperature of the fixed bovine pericardium increased from 66 to 86 degrees C. A cytotoxicity assay using fibroblast cultures revealed that PA is approximately 120 times less toxic than glutaraldehyde (GA), a currently used tissue stabilizer. In vitro degradation studies showed that fixed tissue was resistant to digestion by bacterial collagenase. Crosslinks between PA and tissues can be stabilized by decreasing the dielectric constant of the solution during storage. After subcutaneous implantation for periods ranging between 3 and 6 weeks, we found no apparent degradation of the GA- or PA-fixed tissues, whereas fresh tissue controls rapidly disintegrated. Beyond 6 weeks PA crosslinks began to degrade. More fibroblasts migrated and proliferated inside the PA-fixed implants compared with GA counterparts. Tissues crosslinked with PA manifested an enhanced collagen expression and deposition and did not calcify after implantation. GA, on the other hand, even after thorough rinsing continued to be cytotoxic, inhibited collagen synthesis and encouraged dystrophic calcification. Collagen matrices crosslinked with PA are expected to be of value in the design of matrices that will encourage cell ingrowth and proliferation, which are temporary in nature, and that are intended to regenerate or replace missing tissues, which can delay the biogradation of collagen. As such they should be of significant value in the emerging field of tissue engineering.     

金属表面TiO2薄膜的溶胶-凝胶法制备及其血液相容性研究

通过溶胶 凝胶法制备TiO2 薄膜对 316L不锈钢和NiTi形状记忆合金进行表面改性处理。研究发现 ,经 5 0 0℃处理 1h的薄膜结构致密 ,膜层均匀平滑 ,薄膜主要由锐钛矿相TiO2 构成 ,随热处理温度的提高 ,锐钛矿相逐渐转变为金红石相。电化学腐蚀和动态凝血时间及溶血率测试表明 ,通过溶胶 凝胶法制备TiO2 膜进行表面改性的 316L不锈钢和NiTi合金的抗模拟体液腐蚀性提高 ,动态凝血时间延长 ,溶血率下降 ,说明溶胶 凝胶法制备TiO2 膜可以提高金属植入物的血液相容性     

Attenuated amplitude of circadian and sleep-dependent modulation of electroencephalographic sleep spindle characteristics in elderly human subjects

The low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) gene is a candidate gene for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its role as a receptor for apolipoprotein E (apoE), a major genetic risk factor for late-onset familial and sporadic AD. Recently, several studies have reported a correlation between a polymorphism (C766T) in exon 3 of LRP and AD. We examined this polymorphism in a Caucasian population of 225 neuropathologically confirmed cases with AD and 187 elderly cases without any AD neuropathological changes. We found that the exon 3 LRP C/C genotype was slightly but not significantly higher in the AD group when compared to the control group. A meta-analysis of previous studies revealed only a weak correlation of this polymorphism with AD (odds ratio 1.34, [95% CI 1.16-1.54], P < 0.0001). These data indicate that the polymorphism in exon 3 of LRP is only a minor risk factor for AD and that another locus on chromosome 12 is likely responsible for the associations observed in other studies.