狭缝印迹杂交分析癌转移抑制基因nm23在人肺癌中的表达

为探讨癌转移抑制基因在人肺癌发生、发展中的作用，采用狭缝印迹杂交技术检测了不同部位、不同性质人肺组织中的ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１和ｎｍ２３－Ｈ２基因的ｍＲＮＡ表达。结果发现，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１和ｎｍ２３－Ｈ２ＡＤＬＤＲ ＭｒｎａＧＥ ＤＰ ，ＦＴＪＢ     

山羊血浆TNF与MODS的关系

在山羊ＭＯＤＳ的模型上，观察了血浆ＴＮＦ与ＭＯＤＳ的关系，３２只山羊分为三组：失血性休克组（Ｈ）；门静脉毒素血症组（Ｅ）；失血性休克＋内毒素血症组（Ｍ）。结果表明，三组动物血浆ＴＮＦ均见升高，Ｍ组最明显。动物死亡率及ＭＯＤＳ的发生率也是Ｍ组最高。可以认为ＴＮＦ持续升高导致ＭＯＤ发生发展的重要因素之一。     

In vitro hydrolysis of steroid acid ester derivatives of prednisolone in plasma of different species

The in vitro hydrolysis of two new classes of steroid acid esters synthesized from prednisolone as local anti-inflammatory steroids was investigated in rat, rabbit, and human plasma. One class was synthesized by incorporating methoxycarbonyl groups at the 16 position of prednisolone to produce 16 alpha-methoxycarbonyl prednisolone (P16CM) and its 17-deoxy analogue (DP16CM). The other class was synthesized by modifying the ketol side chain of prednisolone to produce methyl 20 alpha- and methyl beta-dihydroprednisolonate (P4 alpha and P4 beta). The P16CM and P4 beta were rapidly and completely hydrolyzed within 1 h of incubation in rat and rabbit plasma and within 4 h in human plasma. There was a marked species difference in the hydrolysis of DP16CM which occurred in the following order: rat greater than human greater than rabbit. The in vitro hydrolysis of P4 alpha was much slower than that of P4 beta; the process continued over 24 h in rat plasma. As expected, no change in the initial concentration of prednisolone was found over 120 h of incubation in rat plasma. This marked species difference in the hydrolysis of these steroid acid esters is probably related to the differences in the amounts, types, and activities of the hydrolyzing enzymes (e.g., esterases) in the plasma of the three species. From this study it can be concluded that the existence of an hydroxyl group at C-17 and the orientation of hydroxyl groups at C-20 play an important role in the systemic hydrolysis rate of the carboxy ester group on the steroid nucleus.     

Renal responses to magnesium lithospermate B

Renal responses to magnesium lithospermate B isolated from Salviae miltiorrhizae radix were examined in normal rats. Urinary sodium, potassium, prostaglandin E2 and kallikrein excretion was significantly increased after magnesium lithospermate B administration, whereas excretion of urinary 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 was unchanged. Rats administered with the drug also revealed a slight elevation of plasma renin activity and the levels of angiotensins I and II. Plasma aldosterone was decreased slightly. No significant changes were observed in angiotensin-converting enzyme or blood pressure.     

Effects of felodipine on atrial natriuretic peptide in hypertensive non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

Eighteen patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension were treated during two 4 week periods with the calcium antagonist felodipine or placebo in a double-blind, randomised, cross-over study. Mean systemic blood pressure was significantly lower on felodipine, without producing a deleterious effect on diabetic control. Felodipine was associated with an increment in plasma renin concentration but plasma aldosterone and the renal outputs of sodium and dopamine were similar on both treatments. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels were significantly reduced following felodipine treatment.     

Effect of cyclosporin therapy in controlling the rejection of ileal versus jejunal allografts*

Abstract. Experimental evidence suggests that jejunal allografts are rejected as rapidly as are ileal grafts, despite their lesser content of lymphoid tissue as an immunologic stimulus. However, it may be possible to postpone the rejection of jejunal grafts more readily than that of ileal grafts by means of immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporin (CyA). To test this, we used the rat model (BN-LEW) of orthotopic small-bowel transplantation. The proximal third of the small-bowel with one-third of the mesenteric lymph nodes (n= 20), or the distal ileal third with all of the mesenteric lymph nodes (n= 22), or the entire small-bowel (n= 23) was interposed after resection of an equivalent type and length of recipient bowel. CyA (15 mg/kg) was given to all of these rats for 5 days. Three additional control groups were not given CyA. The difference in graft/recipient survival among the groups receiving CyA and among those not on CyA therapy was not statistically significant. Antidonor hemagglutinin titers, the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) assay, and histologic examination of the allograft failed to show a mitigated rejection reaction for the recipients of jejunal grafts. The data show that short-term treatment with CyA prolongs graft survival. Equal doses of CyA, however, did not lead to prolonged survival of jejunal grafts or alter the course of rejection in comparison with that for ileal or whole-bowel transplants.     

123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy as a noninvasive screen for the diagnosis of coronary artery spasm

Background  It has been suggested that the sympathetic nervous system might play an important role in the development of coronary artery spasm. However, no cardiac imaging modality has been able to demonstrate abnormal sympathetic innervation in patients with coronary artery spasm. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence and location of abnormal sympathetic innervation using iodine 123-metaiodobenzylguanidine (¹²³I-MIBG) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and to evaluate the clinical efficacy of ¹²³I-MIBG SPECT as a noninvasive screening test in patients with coronary artery spasm. Methods and Results  Coronary arteriography and a provocative test with intravenous administration of ergonovine maleate were performed in 26 patients (20 men, 6 women, mean age 48.2±12.0 years, range 20 to 67 years) who were suspected of having a coronary artery spasm. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=18) comprised subjects with negative provocative provocative test result, and group 2 (n=8) comprised subjects with negative provocative test results. Ten healthy subjects served as controls. No abnormal MIBG uptake was observed in the control subjects. Abnormal sympathetic nervous innervation using ¹²³I-MIBG SPECT was observed either as a reduced uptake or a defective pattern in the perfused areas in 13 of the 18 regions supplied by vessels of ergonovine-induced vasospasm. Normal sympathetic innervation, as evidenced by normal ¹²³I-MIBG uptake, was noted in all of the 60 segments of normal vessel territories. Reduced uptake of ¹²³I-MIBG was not detected in the perfused areas of 5 vasospasm-induced vessels (perfusion territory of left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] and the right coronary artery [RCA] in 2 and 3 patients, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of ¹²³I-MIBG for detection of coronary artery spasm were 72.2% (95% confidence interval, [CI] 55% to 89%) and 100%, respectively. The positive predictive and negative predictive values were 100% and 92.3% (95% CI 91% to 93%), respectively. Conclusion   ¹²³I-MIBG SPECT is a feasible method to evaluate noninvasively and localize the territories of coronary arteries with spasm. Invasive diagnostic coronary arteriography with ergonovine provocation test may be unnecessary for diagnosis of coronary artery spasm in patients with typical resting pain, negative exercise test or normal thallium perfusion scan results, but showing abnormalities in ¹²³I-MIBG SPECT. Presented in part at the European Association of Nuclear Medicine Congress, September 1996, Copenhagen, Denmark.     

Effects of argon laser iridotomy on the corneal endothelium

We studied 14 eyes of 14 patients undergoing argon laser peripheral iridotomy for occludable (narrow) anterior chamber angles. Preoperative and postoperative pachymetry and corneal endothelial cell counts by specular microscopy were obtained centrally and in both the treated and nontreated superior quadrants. No significant differences were found between preoperative and postoperative measurements of corneal thickness and endothelial cell counts in any area.     

完全性大动脉转位的外科治疗

对３３例完全性大动脉转位施行了手术治疗，其中全腔静脉肺动脉连接３例、改良Ｆｏｎｔａｎ手术２例、Ｍｕｓｔａｒｄ及大动脉调转术各１例，Ｒａｓｔｅｌｉ手术２６例，包括１５例心内隧道和心外管道，１１例心内、外双管道。这２６例心外管道中，除４例采用同种主动脉管道外，其余为经处理的猪肺动脉人工管道。全组手术死亡１０例，晚期死亡１例。结论：完全性大动脉转位病理解剖变异性大，应按不同类型的病理解剖特征选择手术方法     

A survey of household food purchases and dietary habits in relation to affluence among Singapore Chinese

A survey of 40 Singapore Chinese households was performed, obtaining information on major perishable foods purchased for home consumption in the previous week, extent of home consumption (eating in), household dietary habits and housing type, the last as a measure of affluence. Eating out was very common: nine (23 per cent) households ate less than 50 per cent of meals at home. Excluding these nine households, consumption and habits were compared between more affluent and less affluent households. The more affluent households purchased more red meat/offal (P = 0.001), poultry (P = 0.002), vegetables other than green leafy (P = 0.04), fruit (P = 0.007) and eggs (P = 0.04); they also differed significantly in various dietary habits. Significant differences were also observed between English-speaking and Chinese-speaking households. The results suggest that increasing affluence may have brought about substantial dietary change in Singapore, thus meriting further study of the role of diet in changing disease patterns in Singapore.