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31.
NJ Hoogenraad JD Mitchell NA Don TM Sutherland AC Mc Leay 《Archives of disease in childhood》1980,55(4):292-295
The activity of urea cycle enzymes was assayed in duodenal biopsy specimens obtained from a female infant who presented with neonatal hyperammonaemia. All enzyme levels were normal except N-acetyl glutamate-dependent carbamyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) which was half the mean activity in normal control specimens. A similar deficiency of CPS1 was also shown in duodenal specimens from the patient's mother who became slightly symptomatic after relatively high protein meals and during pregnancy, and had spontaneously modified her diet to one with protein restriction. The patient is growing normally on a dietary regimen similar to that spontaneously adopted by her mother. Urea cycle enzyme activity in the duodenal biopsy material from the controls was similar to that found in the normal human liver and appears to have distinct advantages as a means of assaying for urea cycle defects in patients with hyperammonaemia and their relatives. 相似文献
32.
GM Durbin NJ Hunter N McIntosh EO Reynolds PD Wimberley 《Archives of disease in childhood》1976,51(3):163-169
A controlled trial of elective intervention with continuous inflating pressure (CIP) was performed in infants with severe hyaline membrane disease who weighed more than 1000 g at birth. Infants entered the trial if their arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) fell below 60 mmHg while breathing a fractional inspired oxygen concentration (F1O2) greater than 0-95. 11 out of 12 infants in the CIP-treated group and 10 out of 12 in the control group survived. 7 treated and 6 control infants required mechanical ventilation. When CIP was started the Pao2 of the treated infants increased, and they breathed high concentrations of oxygen for a significantly shorter period than the control infants. During the 31-month duration of the trial 107 other infants with severe hyaline membrane disease were admitted who did not meet the criteria for entry to the trial. 37 survived after breathing high concentrations of oxygen (F1O2 greater than 0-60) spontaneously without any ventilatory assistance, and the remaining 70 infants were already being ventilated on their arrival in the unit, usually because they had required mechanical ventilation during transfer from other hospitals. The neonatal survival rate for those infants born in this hospital during the study period was 88% (50 out of 57 infants) and for those referred from other hospitals it was 69% (51 out of 74 infants). The maximum further increase in overall survival rate that might have been achieved in our population of infants if CIP had been initiated very early in the course of the illness was 5%--i.e. from 77% (101/131) to 82% (107/131). 相似文献
33.
Gastroduodenoscopy and retrograde cholangiopancreatography has been performed on 25 occasions in 20 children aged between 7 and 16. Radiographs of the clinically relevant duct or ducts were achieved in 96% of attempts, with no complications. The diagnostic information proved useful clinically; in particular it provided a precise map if biliary or pancreatic surgery was being contemplated. Several unexpected congenital duct anomalies were found. This and other recent reports, particularly from Germany, indicate that endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography deserves greater application in children, and can also be used in babies. 相似文献
34.
Christina N Grupcheva MD Jennifer P Craig PhD Trevor Sherwin PhD Charles NJ McGhee PhD FRCOphth FRACO 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》2001,29(3):133-137
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate microstructural differences between clinically similar, but aetiologically different, cases of corneal oedema in four subjects. In vivo confocal microscopy highlighted oedema of the basal epithelium, prominent nerve–keratocyte interactions, and typical ‘epithelialization’ of the endothelium in a case of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome; however, a similar microstructural appearance was observed in a case of presumed herpetic disciform keratitis. The latter diagnosis was subsequently revised on this basis. Confocal examination of Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy demonstrated oedema of the basal epithelium, prominent wing cells, anterior stromal alterations, fibrosis of Descemet’s membrane and a typical ‘strawberry’ appearance of the endothelium. In contrast, in vivo microstructural examination of bilateral keratoconus with hydrops confirmed oedema mainly involving the epithelium and anterior stroma. In vivo confocal microscopy allows the clinician to observe the living cornea at a microstructural level and to better diagnose and differentiate borderline or unusual cases of corneal oedema. 相似文献
35.
Hasegawa BH; Naimuddin S; Dobbins JT d; Mistretta CA; Peppler WW; Hangiandreou NJ; Cusma JT; McDermott JC; Kudva BV; Melbye KM 《Radiology》1986,159(2):537-543
The feasibility of producing patient-specific beam attenuators for chest radiography has been investigated using an anthropomorphic phantom and a human volunteer. A low-dose test exposure is digitized, processed, and used to print a small cerium filter, which is placed in the x-ray beam near the collimator. The final radiograph is recorded on film. The technique results in relatively uniform film exposure, so that structures in all regions of the chest are simultaneously displayed with optimal film contrast. The equalized exposure improves image quality in the normally underpenetrated regions and reduces the role of cross-scatter from the lungs. The image is analogous to optical or computer-processed unsharp masking techniques, but the processing is accomplished in the x-ray beam and results in an improved exposure distribution, giving advantages that cannot be achieved with image processing techniques alone. 相似文献
36.
Riyaz Bhikoo MBChB Rachael L Niederer PhD MBChB Richard Hart FRANZCO Trevor Sherwin PhD Charles NJ McGhee PhD FRCS FRANZCO 《Clinical & experimental optometry》2013,96(4):430-432
We describe the corneal microstructural changes in a patient with spheroidal degeneration using in vivo confocal microscopy. Multiple hypo‐ and hyper‐reflective spherical lesions were observed in the anterior corneal stroma and Bowman's layer ranging from 45 to 220 μm in size. The corneal epithelium, posterior stroma and endothelium were otherwise unaffected. In vivo confocal microscopy demonstrates good correlation with excised histological samples in climatic droplet keratopathy. It provides a non‐invasive technique to examine the living cornea for degenerative disease and acts as a bridge between clinical and laboratory observations. 相似文献
37.
TEELUCKSINGH S; STEER CR; THOMPSON CJ; SECKL JR; DOUGLAS NJ; EDWARDS CRW 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1991,78(2):185-190
We describe a young man who developed extensive hypothalamicdysfunction including diabetes insipidus, adipsia, hyperprolactinaemia,and poikiliothermia together with central sleep apnoea followingexposure to toluene. 相似文献
38.
In vitro and in vivo activity of murine lymphokine-activated killer cells after cryopreservation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The in vitro and in vivo effects of cryopreservation on the cytotoxic activity of murine lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were studied. LAK cells were generated by incubation of spleen lymphocytes of BALB/c mice for 3 days with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and subsequent cryopreservation. Cytotoxicity was determined in a 51Cr release assay. After thawing, cytotoxic activity was reduced (40.4% 51Cr release at an effector:target cell ratio of 40:1 as compared to 68.5% 51Cr release before freezing) and could be restored to precryopreserved levels by reincubation with rIL-2 for 2 days after thawing (78.8% 51Cr release). These cells were then tested in BALB/c mice injected with RAW 112 cells, a pre-B-cell lymphoma line. The results demonstrate that the survival rate of mice injected with cryopreserved and restimulated LAK cells (50% survival greater than 180 days after injection) did not differ significantly from that of mice injected with fresh unfrozen LAK cells (60% survival greater than 120 days, 50% survival greater than 180 days). Cryopreserved LAK cells have potential use in adoptive immunotherapy. 相似文献
39.
AP Tamhankar FAK Mazari NJ Everitt K Ravi 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2009,91(6):460-463
INTRODUCTION
Patient-directed information available on the internet is not always regulated; it may be confusing and sometimes just overwhelming. We aimed to establish the proportion of patients undergoing two common surgical procedures, who searched the internet for information about their operations and to assess the usefulness of the information they received.PATIENTS AND METHODS
A total of 105 consecutive patients undergoing elective abdominal wall hernia repair (n = 54) or laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n = 51) in a single surgical firm were included in the study. Patients were counselled about their operation in pre-operative assessment clinics and standard trust information leaflets were provided without any mention of this study. Patients were then asked to complete a questionnaire on the morning of their operation.RESULTS
All patients completed the questionnaire. Of the patients, 59% stated that they had access to the internet and 77% of these accessed the internet over 2 h a week. Of the patients with internet access, 31% used it to acquire additional information about their operations and 58% used internet search engines. Of the patients who searched the internet regarding their operations, 26% were confused and/or worried by the information they received.CONCLUSIONS
A significant proportion of patients undergoing common surgical procedures used the internet and about one-third of them specifically sought information about their operation on the internet. Such information can cause worry and confusion in patients. Our study highlights the need for regulated, comprehensible, patient information on hospital websites to which patients should be directed. 相似文献40.
NJ Liptrott M Penny PG Bray J Sathish SH Khoo DJ Back A Owen 《British journal of pharmacology》2009,156(3):497-508