Childhood Pityriasis Rosea

Abstract: Pityriasis rosea (PR) is an acute, self‐limiting papulosquamous disorder of unknown etiology. Published studies of childhood PR are scarce and most are reviews. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic and clinical features of childhood PR.     

宁夏贝母化学成分的研究

从宁夏贝母(Frdillapia taipaiensis P. Y. Li var. ningxiaensis Y. K. Yang et. J. K. Wu)的鳞茎中分得六个异甾体生物碱成分,鉴定为宁贝素(taipaienine,Ⅰ)、川贝酮(chuanbeinone,Ⅱ)、西贝素(imperialine,Ⅲ)、贝母乙素(verticinone,Ⅳ)、贝母辛(peimissine,Ⅴ)和异贝母甲素(isoverticine,Ⅵ).其中T为一新C-去甲-D-高甾生物碱。应用波谱分析(IR,MS,¹HNMR和¹³CNMR)等确定了它们的化学结构。     

Viral retrograde-like pattern of neuronal degeneration in experimental amyotrophic leukospongiosis

The pattern of destructive alterations of neurons and their processes at different spinal cord levels in guinea pigs with experimental amyotrophic leukospongiosis (AL) was studied by light and electron microscopy. The destruction of a portion of neurons was found to be of retrograde degeneration type. Electron microscopy of spinal conduction pathways showed that degenerative alterations occurred not only in the neuronal soma or processes but also in synaptic structures. The results indicate primary involvement of nerve cell processes, particularly axons, in experimental AL. It is suggested that AL pathogenesis is pathomorphologically based on the uptake of the agent by axonal terminals.     

Congenital middle-ear deafness: CT study

Computed tomography (CT) was used to study 25 patients with congenital conductive hearing loss and normal external auditory canals. Deformities were subdivided according to ossicular, fenestral, and cholesteatomatous origin. Isolated ossicular deformities were found in 14 patients (five bilateral), cholesteatoma in eight, oval-window nondevelopment (with ossicular deformity) in one, and normal studies in two (congenital stapes fixation at the level of the annular ligament). Ossicular deformities may be subdivided into incudostapedial disconnections into incudostapedial disconnections (most common), malleoincudal fixations, and stapes fixations. Most are due to developmental anomaly of the first or second branchial arch. The stapes has a dual origin (second arch and otic capsule). A cholesteatoma is defined as congenital only if there is no history of otitis and the tympanic membrane is intact. In this series, six were in the middle ear proper, and two were within the attic beyond otoscopic view. Their CT appearance, with one exception, was essentially identical to that of acquired lesions.     

Social characteristics of urban cafe guests in Norway

Which factors may influence the number of hours spent per week in cafes, and the amount of alcohol consumed in licensed premises, by urban cafe guests in Norway? In 1991 a comprehensive questionnaire survey was undertaken among 1053 visitors to 41 licensed cafes in Oslo, Norway. The five most important predictors of time spent in cafes were: household situation (β=0.20), occupation (β= 0.18), personal economic resources and sex (both β= 0.15) and age (β= 0.11). These factors were also significant predictors of the number of days during the past 4 weeks the respondents had drunk jour glasses or more of alcohol in cafes. Men, people living with others, people with poor economic resources and people not engaged in paid employment or education were the ones who reported spending the most hours per week and the most episodes of “heavy” drinking in cafes during a 4-week period. Visiting and drinking in cafes may be a way of structuring everyday life.     

Outcome of the treatment of invasive non-transitional cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the treatment outcomes of non-transitional cell carcinoma (non-TCC) cases after radical cystectomy. METHODS: Radical cystectomy was performed in 259 invasive bladder cancer patients in our department and of these, 59 (22.7%) were non-TCC. Primary squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), adenocarcinomas and undifferentiated cancers (UC) were grouped as non-TCC of the bladder. Of the 59 non-TCC; 32 SCC, 20 UC, five adenocarcinoma and two sarcomatoid tumor cases were demonstrated. RESULTS: The 5-year disease-specific survival rate of TCC and non-TCC cases were 48.9 and 28.2%, respectively (P = 0.0016). The 5-year disease-specific survival rates of SCC and UC were 25.1 and 23.4%, respectively. The median survival time of SCC, UC and adenocarcinoma cases were 19, 12 and 6 months, respectively (P = 0.4579). The disease-specific survival rates of TCC and non-TCC cases at stage pT2NoMo were 79.1 and 27.2%, respectively (P = 0.0000). The median survival time of SCC, UC and adenocarcinoma cases were 19, 12 and 13.3 months, respectively, for the same stage. The survival time of TCC, SCC and UC cases at stage pT3NoMo were 23, 26 and 45 months, respectively (P = 0.2307). The median survival time at stages pT2-3N1Mo for the same groups were 18, 16 and 11 months, respectively (P = 0.0939). CONCLUSION: The study presented here demonstrates that both TCC and non-TCC cases have poor survival rates in locally advanced disease and that at the pT2NoMo stage the prognosis of non-TCC cases is poor when compared with TCC cases.     

Effects of malnutrition on the erythrocyte fatty acid composition and plasma vitamin E levels of Pakistani children

Abstract Erythrocyte fatty acids and plasma vitamin E concentrations were determined in 47 grade 2 and 21 grade 3 malnourished Pakistani children (ages 4–56 months). Data were compared with those of 26 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy controls. Evaluation with three statistical approaches revealed that both grade 2 and grade 3 malnourished children had decreased erythrocyte ω6 fatty acids and to a lesser extent decreased ω3 fatty acids. These decreases were compensated for by increased ω9 fatty acids. The patients tended to have lower plasma vitamin E concentrations. We conclude that malnourished Pakistani children have low essential fatty acid status, notably those of the ω6 series. The combination of low erythrocyte 22:6ω3 and a low 22:5ω6/22:4ω6 ratio in grade 2 patients suggests low Δ4-desaturation activity, which may be due to impaired peroxisomal β-oxidation.