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11.
Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor of epithelial origin. It is locally aggressive with unlimited growth capacity and has a high potential for malignant transformation as well as metastasis. Ameloblastoma has no established preventive measures although majority of patients are between ages 30 and 60 years. Molecular and genetic factors that promote oncogenic transformation of odontogenic epithelium to ameloblastoma are strongly linked to dysregulation of multiple genes associated with mitogen‐activated protein kinase, sonic hedgehog, and WNT/β‐catenin signaling pathways. Treatment of ameloblastoma is focused on surgical resection with a wide margin of normal tissue because of its high propensity for locoregional invasion; but this is often associated with significant patient morbidity. The relatively high recurrence rate of ameloblastoma is influenced by the type of molecular etiological factors, the management approach, and how early the patient presents for treatment. It is expected that further elucidation of molecular factors that orchestrate pathogenesis and recurrence of ameloblastoma will lead to new diagnostic markers and targeted drug therapies for ameloblastoma. 相似文献
12.
Samuel OM Manda Chris P Gale Alistair S Hall Mark S Gilthorpe 《Cardiovascular journal of Africa》2012,23(10):546-551
Background
In order to improve the quality of care delivered to patients and to enable patient choice, public reports comparing hospital performances are routinely published. Robust systems of hospital ‘report cards’ on performance monitoring and evaluation are therefore crucial in medical decision-making processes. In particular, such systems should effectively account for and minimise systematic differences with regard to definitions and data quality, care and treatment quality, and ‘case mix’.Methods
Four methods for assessing hospital performance on mortality outcome measures were considered. The methods included combinations of Bayesian fixed- and random-effects models, and risk-adjusted mortality rate, and rank-based profiling techniques. The methods were empirically compared using 30-day mortality in patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome. Agreement was firstly assessed using median estimates between risk-adjusted mortality rates for a hospital and between ranks associated with a hospital’s risk-adjusted mortality rates. Secondly, assessment of agreement was based on a classification of hospitals into low, normal or high performing using risk-adjusted mortality rates and ranks.Results
There was poor agreement between the point estimates of risk-adjusted mortality rates, but better agreement between ranks. However, for categorised performance, the observed agreement between the methods’ classification of the hospital performance ranged from 90 to 98%. In only two of the six possible pair-wise comparisons was agreement reasonable, as reflected by a Kappa statistic; it was 0.71 between the methods of identifying outliers with the fixed-effect model and 0.77 with the hierarchical model. In the remaining four pair-wise comparisons, the agreement was, at best, moderate.Conclusions
Even though the inconsistencies among the studied methods raise questions about which hospitals performed better or worse than others, it seems that the choice of the definition of outlying performance is less critical than that of the statistical approach. Therefore there is a need to find robust systems of ‘regulation’ or ‘performance monitoring’ that are meaningful to health service practitioners and providers. 相似文献13.
Full-length but not truncated CD34 inhibits hematopoietic cell differentiation of M1 cells 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
CD34 is expressed on human and murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and its clinical usefulness for isolation of stem/progenitor cells has been well established. Although expression of CD34 is regulated in a developmental stage-specific manner, the function of CD34 is not known. Recently we have shown that both a full-length and truncated form of CD34 protein is expressed by hematopoietic cells (Blood 84:691, 1994). To test whether failure to suppress either form of CD34 could affect terminal myeloid differentiation, we constitutively expressed these CD34 proteins in murine M1 myeloid leukemia cells, which can be terminally differentiated to macrophages by treatment with interleukin-6 of leukemia inhibitory factor. Surprisingly our results show that forced expression of the full-length but not the truncated form of CD34 impedes terminal differentiation by these agents. Because the difference between the two forms of CD34 protein resides in the length of their respective cytoplasmic tail domains, our findings strongly suggest that the cytoplasmic domain region of full-length CD34 is responsible for the observed maturation arrest phenotype. These findings suggest a potential negative regulatory role for full-length CD34 in hematopoietic cell differentiation and may explain, at least in part, the block in maturation observed in CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia. 相似文献
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Background In-stent restenosis(ISR) is one of the major drawbacks of coronary stenting. Intraeoronary radiation therapy (RT)is effective in reducing excessive neointimal proliferation but long term results with regard to vascular integrity and vasomotor responsiveness are largely tmknown. Thus, the present study was to determine the exercise-induced vasomotor response of inadiated coronary arteries. 相似文献
16.
Effect of parental age on fertilization and pregnancy characteristics in couples treated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection 总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6
Spandorfer SD; Avrech OM; Colombero LT; Palermo GD; Rosenwaks Z 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(2):334-338
The purpose of this study was to investigate any influence of maternal
and/or paternal age on gamete characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in
intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. In all, 821 consecutive
ICSI cases were analysed retrospectively. While a significant linear
decline in semen volume was detected, no significant differences in the
concentration, motility or morphology of the spermatozoa were found with
paternal ageing. A significant decline in the number of oocytes retrieved
and the number of mature oocytes obtained was found with advancing maternal
age. An increase in the occurrence of digyny was noted with parental
ageing, while no difference in single or bipronuclear fertilization was
found. Older women had a decreased incidence of single pronucleus formation
and an increase in digyny, but no significant difference in the percentage
of oocytes that underwent two-pronuclear fertilization was detected with
regard to maternal ageing. Pregnancy outcomes were not influenced by the
age of the male partner, while a strong negative correlation was found with
maternal ageing. To better analyse male partner ageing as a factor
affecting pregnancy outcome, we analysed a subgroup of patients with a
female partner aged <35 years who underwent ICSI. No paternal influence
on ICSI pregnancy outcome was found in this subgroup of patients. We
conclude that the influence on pregnancy outcome after ICSI is related
mostly to maternal and not paternal age.
相似文献
17.
Quantitative coronary arteriography: design and validation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The authors assessed the performance of an automatic and rapid coronary quantification method by evaluating its accuracy in a stenosis phantom. Measurements were obtained with a lucite phantom with 2-, 3-, and 4-mm vessel diameters and concentric stenoses of 33%, 50%, 67%, and 75%. Direct digital angiographic images as well as 10 X 10 spot films and 35-mm cine angiography films were acquired with and without structural noise and mask subtraction. The films were digitized with magnification factors of one and two. An interactive analysis program was used to automatically determine the vessel edges with a Gaussian fit to the cross-sectional density profiles perpendicular to the center line of the vessel. Relative changes of the densitometric cross-sectional area along the vessel were used to assess the percentage of stenosis. Densitometric measurements were comparable in both digital and cine angiograms (r = .99 and r = .98, respectively); however, diameter measurements showed a higher variability and were dependent on the amount of magnification applied to the images. 相似文献
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