黄芩汤对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠肠道菌群的影响及肠黏膜屏障的保护作用机制

目的：研究黄芩汤对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型小鼠的药效,并探究黄芩汤在UC中是否能调节肠道菌群,发挥屏障保护作用。方法：雄性Balb/c小鼠按体质量随机分为正常组、模型组、黄芩汤高(20 g·kg^-1)、中(10 g·kg^-1)、低(5 g·kg^-1)剂量组、菌群干扰组、菌群干扰模型组、菌群干扰黄芩汤组(黄芩汤,20 g·kg^-1)。灌胃抗生素(杆菌肽200 mg·kg^-1、万古霉素200 mg·kg^-1)8 d构建菌群干扰模型,自由饮用3%葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)溶液7 d构建UC模型,黄芩汤给药治疗7 d。实验结束后处死小鼠,取血、结肠及粪便,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察结肠病变,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测血清白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)及蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测结肠组织中紧...     

基于《新型冠状病毒感染诊疗方案（试行第十版）》探讨中药联合隔物灸贴治疗新型冠状病毒感染恢复期患者方案优化的临床疗效

目的：观察中药联合隔物灸贴治疗新型冠状病毒(以下简称新冠)感染恢复期患者的临床疗效。方法：将90例新冠感染恢复期患者随机分为中药组、隔物灸贴组、中药联合隔物灸贴组(联合组),每组各30例。基于《新型冠状病毒感染诊疗方案(试行第十版)》(《方案》)的恢复期中医药方案进行治疗,中药组予以辨证中药口服治疗,每日1剂,日服2次;隔物灸贴组予以足三里、脾俞、大椎、肺俞、孔最、天突等穴灸贴治疗,每日1次,每次贴敷40 min;联合组予以中药联合隔物灸贴治疗,疗程2周。分别于治疗前后观察各组中医症状评分、肺部计算机断层扫描术(CT)评分、圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评分、血常规指标[白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)、淋巴细胞计数(LYM)]、炎症指标[C反应蛋白(CRP)、血清铁蛋白、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]水平,并评定各组临床疗效。结果：与本组治疗前比较,治疗后各组患者中医症状总分及单项评分、肺部CT评分、SGRQ评分、CRP、IL-6、铁蛋白水平均明显降低(P<0.05),WBC、LYM明显升高(P<0.05),NEUT水平较治疗前差异无统计学意义。与中药组和隔物灸...     

A Randomized Pilot Study of DASH Patterned Groceries on Serum Urate in Individuals with Gout

The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet reduces serum urate (SU); however, the impact of the DASH diet has not been previously evaluated among patients with gout. We conducted a randomized, controlled, crossover pilot study to test the effects of ~$105/week ($15/day) of dietitian-directed groceries (DDG), patterned after the DASH diet, on SU, compared with self-directed grocery shopping (SDG). Participants had gout and were not taking urate lowering therapy. Each intervention period lasted 4 weeks; crossover occurred without a washout period. The primary endpoint was SU. Compliance was assessed by end-of-period fasting spot urine potassium and sodium measurements and self-reported consumption of daily servings of fruit and vegetables. We randomized 43 participants (19% women, 49% black, mean age 59 years) with 100% follow-up. Mean baseline SU was 8.1 mg/dL (SD, 0.8). During Period 1, DDG lowered SU by 0.55 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.07, 1.04) compared to SDG by 0.0 mg/dL (95% CI: −0.44, 0.44). However, after crossover (Period 2), the SU difference between groups was the opposite: SDG reduced SU by −0.48 mg/dL (95% CI: −0.98, 0.01) compared to DDG by −0.05 mg/dL (95% CI: −0.48, 0.38; P for interaction by period = 0.11). Nevertheless, DDG improved self-reported intake of fruit and vegetables (3.1 servings/day; 95% CI: 1.5, 4.8) and significantly reduced total spot urine sodium excretion by 22 percentage points (95% CI: −34.0, −8.6). Though relatively small in scale, this pilot study suggests that dietitian-directed, DASH-patterned groceries may lower SU among gout patients not on urate-lowering drugs. However, behavior intervention crossover trials without a washout period are likely vulnerable to strong carryover effects. Definitive evaluation of the DASH diet as a treatment for gout will require a controlled feeding trial, ideally with a parallel-design.     

科技论文中通信作者和末位作者重要性的比较

【目的】 试图解决论文作者署名中通信作者与末位作者谁是最重要的作者的问题。【方法】 以Science期刊为研究对象,收集该刊论文的作者署名信息和作者贡献声明信息,提取贡献要素并进行规范化分类,结合作者贡献声明和作者署名位置、署名角色进行比较分析。【结果】 在论文作者署名位置的分布中,末位作者通常同时是通信作者。在论文研究中,通信作者往往比末位作者发挥更重要的作用。对于不是通信作者的末位作者,其对研究的贡献往往较低。【结论】 结合作者贡献声明能够合理地判断作者的重要性。学术界对于作者署名位置应该有更加统一的认识,建议在科技期刊中推行作者贡献声明政策,完善学术期刊作者贡献声明规范。     

Reevaluation of the Correlation between Angiotensinogen Gene M235T Polymorphism and Familial Essential Hypertension Using MS-PCR Technique

Renin- angiotensin system( RAS) candidat-ing gene,such as angiotensinogen( Ag T) as wellas angiotensin- converting enzyme( ACE) genepolymorphism were thought to have positive association with various cardiovasculardiseases.In1 992 ,Jeunemaitre[1] detected a microsatellitepolymorphism in the region of the an-giotensinogen gene which has linked to occur-rence of essential hypertension.Further analysisled to detection of several mutations in the cod-ing region of angiotensinogen gene[2 ] . Ma…     

咽旁间隙肿瘤28例报告

目的为探讨咽旁间隙肿瘤的诊断与治疗.方法报告28例咽旁间隙肿瘤的临床资料.结果良性肿瘤24例,其中神经源性肿瘤10例,涎腺混合瘤9例,其它5例;恶性肿瘤4例.全部病例均行手术治疗.结论颈侧切开为一较好的手术径路.     

一氧化氮对犬下食管括约肌压力的作用

目的 :应用苄基二甲基十四烷氯化铵 (benzyldim ethyltetradecyl amm onium chloride,BAC)建立犬下食管括约肌(L ES)无神经动物模型 ,研究一氧化氮 (NO)对 L ES压力的作用。方法 :将 BAC环周注入犬 L ES,对照组注入等量生理盐水 ,均于注射前及注射后 6周测定 L ES压力 ;并观察 L -精氨酸、D -精氨酸、硝普钠及一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)抑制剂 N-硝基 - L -精氨酸 (L - NNA)对 L ES压力的影响 ;此外还测定了两组犬 L ES中 NO含量和 NOS活性。结果 :BAC处理组 L ES压力 [(4 2 .43±4.19) m m Hg,1m m Hg=0 .133 k Pa]显著高于对照组 [(2 2 .71± 5 .19) mm Hg]。 L -精氨酸可使对照组 L ES压力降低 ;L - NNA使其增高 ,但对 BAC处理组 L ES压力均无影响。硝普钠可降低两组犬 L ES压力。对照组 L ES中 NO为 (6 .0 5 8± 2 .0 6 7)μm ol/g,NOS为 (1.45 8± 0 .146 ) U /mg;而 BAC处理组 NO为 (1.797± 0 .873)μmol/g,NOS为 (0 .46 3± 0 .0 39) U /m g,均较对照组显著降低 (P<0 .0 1)。 结论 :BAC可使犬 L ES压力增高 ,其机制可能与 L ES局部 NO减少有关。     

基于电子鼻技术的不同品质鹿茸饮片气味特征分析

目的:基于电子鼻技术对不同品质鹿茸饮片气味特征进行分析与表征。方法:采用PEN3型电子鼻系统,分析22批鹿茸样品的气味特征,以对传感器响应值为指标,进行传感器区别贡献率分析(Loadings)、主成分分析(PCA)、线性判别分析(LDA)。结果:Loadings分析表明,5个传感器对鹿茸饮片气味特征具有较好的响应,不同规格鹿茸饮片气味差异贡献率主要体现为氮氧化物类、甲烷等短链烷烃、有机硫化物、醇醚醛酮类、芳香成分、无机硫化物等成分;PCA表明不同品种与规格鹿茸饮片,其气味的差异性比较明显;LDA发现不同品种及规格鹿茸饮片(除梅花鹿白片与粉片外)样品的气味差异均较明显,表明构成气味的物质存在差异性。结论:电子鼻技术可阐明不同品质鹿茸饮片气味的物质基础;不同品质鹿茸饮片气味存在差异性可揭示鹿茸饮片气味的科学内涵并为其质量控制提供参考。     

Low-dose Thymoglobulin vs Basiliximab Induction Therapy in Low-Risk Living Related Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Randomized Trial

ContextThymoglobulin is used effectively as induction agent in kidney transplantation but the optimal dose is not well established.ObjectiveDemonstrate that low-dose thymoglobulin (3 mg/kg) has similar efficacy and safety compared to basiliximab induction in low-risk kidney transplantation under standard maintenance immunosuppressionDesign, Setting, ParticipantsProspective randomized study in kidney transplant patients (12/2016-05/2018). Inclusion criteria: Recipients > 18 years, first living donor transplant. Exclusion criteria: Second and multiorgan transplant, ABO incompatibility, positive cross-match, panel reactive antibodies (PRA) > 30%, positive donor-specific antibody, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C virus positive, white blood cells < 2000 cells/mm³, platelets < 75,000 cells/mm³ and malignancy.InterventionGroup A: basiliximab (20 mg D0 and D4). Group B: thymoglobulin (3 mg/kg total). Maintenance immunosuppression: tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids.Main Outcome MeasuresBiopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR), delayed graft function, slow graft function, leukopenia, infections, adverse events, graft loss, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and death within 12 months.Results100 patients (basiliximab, n = 53) (thymoglobulin, n = 47) were included. Donor and recipient characteristics were similar except for longer dialysis (basiliximab), PRA class I (1.2% basiliximab, 4.5% thymoglobulin), HLA match (basiliximab 2.8, thymoglobulin 2.2), and cytomegalovirus status. BPAR rate was basiliximab 3.8% and thymoglobulin 6.4% (P = ns). Delayed graft function (basiliximab 3.8%; thymoglobulin 4.3%), slow graft function, and 12-month leukopenia (basiliximab 11.3%, thymoglobulin 21.3%) were similar between groups (P = ns). There was no difference in infections and adverse events between groups. Patient and graft survival were as follows: basiliximab 98.1% and 92.5%, thymoglobulin 100% and 93.6% (P = ns).ConclusionLow-dose thymoglobulin induction (3 mg/kg) can be used effectively and safely in low-risk kidney transplantation with good results during the first year post-transplant.