薄层色谱溶剂系统的最优化方法——Ⅵ.均匀设计法的再探讨

就第Ⅱ报及第Ⅴ报提出的用于选取薄层色谱最佳溶剂系统的均匀设计法进行了进一步的改进及实验验证,使其更趋完善。结果表明,该法不仅适用于已知混合物,而且适用于未知混合物,是一种比较简捷、快速且行之有效的方法。     

单克隆抗体反向IHAT检测囊虫病循环抗原

应用抗猪囊虫抗原的单克隆抗体反向间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡＴ），对临床确诊的囊虫病患者进行了血清循环抗原（ＣＡｇ）的检测，阳性率为５１．１４％（６７／１３１）。对１９例脑型囊虫病患者同时测定了血清和脑脊液中的ＣＡｇ，阳性率分别为４７．３６％和７８．９４％，总阳性率为８４．２１％。对治疗０．５３后的１９例患者检测时，血清和脑脊液中ＣＡｇ均呈阴性反应，而检测抗体仍呈阳性反应。５０例正常人、４９例其它寄生虫病及５例其它脑部疾病患者脑脊液的ＣＡｇ均呈阴性反应。结果提示：测定ＣＡｇ对囊虫病活动性感染的诊断及疗效判定均具有一定的实用价值。     

心导纳微分环,肺导纳微分环最大向量正常值及其临床意义

本文报道３－５０岁２１４例心导纳微分环（ＣＡＤＬ）和肺导纳微分环（ＰＡＤＬ）最大向量振幅及方位正常值，结果随增龄变化振幅递减，方位递增，多数男＞女，部分组间有差异。４８例左向右分流先心病环体最大向量与肺动脉压之间呈平行关系，并探讨其临床意义。     

Diagnosis and treatment of severe pancreatitis: analysis of 40 cases

Forty cases of severe pancreatitis confirmed and treated by surgery were studied. In order to have a retrospective observation, we compared the clinical and laboratory data of 28 severe cases with that of 72 mild cases treated conservatively and found that in some cases neither Ranson nor Bank criteria were reliable in predicting the severity. We also found that frank peritonitis and bloody ascites with elevated amylase level were very good indication of pancreatic necrosis and hemorrhage. It was the author's opinion to explore early within 48 hrs after onset, using both drainage and open lesser sac lavage in most severe cases of pancreatitis.     

Effect of eucalyptus globulus oil on activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in THP-1 cells]

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of eucalyptus globulus oil on the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-kappaB) in THP-1 cell line. METHODS: THP-1 cells were cultured with or without eucalyptus globulus oil at different concentrations (1, 10, 100 mg x L(-1), 30 min) before being stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg x L(-1), 30 min). The location of NF-kappaB p65 subunit (NF-kappaB/p65) in THP-1 cells was detected by indirect immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscope. The expression of NF-kappaB/p65 in nuclei was measured by Western-blot analysis. RESULT: The FITC-label NF-kappaB/p65 was mainly located in the nuclei after THP-1 cells were stimulated with LPS. Whereas, no fluorescence were seen in the nuclei of cells pretreated with eucalyptus globulus oil. This effect on NF-kappaB/p65 nuclear translocation was in a concentration dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Eucalyptus globulus oil inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB induced by LPS in THP-1 cells.     

Effects of verapamil on synaptic transmission in mammalian sympathetic ganglia

Effects of verapamil (Ver) on the synaptic transmission of isolated superior cervical ganglia (SCG) were investigated by means of intracellular recording techniques. In the neurons of SCG of rabbits and guinea pigs, Ver (100-400 mumol/L) depressed both the synaptic responses (f-EPSPs and/or evoked action potentials) elicited by orthodromic stimulation and the acetylcholine (ACh) potentials induced by pressure ejection of ACh. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP, 100 mumol/L) and BaCl2 (5 mmol/L) facilitated the f-EPSPs inhibited by Ver, but had no notable effect on the ACh potentials depressed by Ver. Ver suppressed the ACh potentials enhanced by pyridostigmine (1 mumol/L). The potentiating effect of soman (1 mumol/L) on the ACh potentials was prevented by Ver. It is suggested that Ver can block the synaptic transmission of mammalian SCG by both the pre- and postganglionic mechanisms.     

胸腺切除后血清乙酰胆碱受体抗体改变及与疗效关系

随访２３例因重症肌无力行胸腺切除术的病人。运用灵敏度高、特异性强的ＢＡＳ—ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测手术前、后血清乙酰胆碱受体抗体（ＡｃｈＲ抗体）水平，所得结果均进行统计学分析。２３例病人胸腺切除后，１８例临床症状改善，有效率７８％。术后１４例（６１％）病人血清ＡｃｈＲ抗体水平下降，统计结果表明，手术前后血清ＡｃｈＲ抗体水平差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５），但与症状改善无关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。手术前后血清ＡｃｈＲ抗体水平不影响疗效（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

Oxidant-scavenging activities of ampicillin and sulbactam and their effects on neutrophil functions.

Luminol-enhanced luminescence is a method used to measure formation of reactive oxygen intermediates important in the ability of neutrophils to kill microbes. Several studies have demonstrated that under some conditions of incubation, ampicillin can inhibit neutrophil-derived luminol-enhanced luminescence. We evaluated the mechanism(s) by which ampicillin inhibited the luminescent response of stimulated neutrophils. We also investigated sulbactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor which has been given in combination with ampicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics to increase their spectra, for possible similar effects. Both ampicillin and sulbactam attenuated luminol-enhanced luminescence by approximately 40%. Superoxide production was not prevented by added ampicillin, nor was superoxide scavenged by it. Myeloperoxidase reacts with H2O2 and Cl- to generate OCl-, which is believed to be the oxidizer of luminol that is primarily responsible for enhancement of neutrophil-derived luminescence. Hydroxyl radicals (HO.), which may also oxidize luminol, resulting in luminescence, can be formed from O2- and H2O2 via either myeloperoxidase-dependent (involving intermediate OCl-) or myeloperoxidase-independent (through a metal ion catalyst) reactions. Ampicillin scavenged H2O2 and OCl- and prevented 95% of Fenton reaction-generated HO. from reacting with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide. Sulbactam was found to scavenge OCl- and HO., but less avidly than ampicillin did. Neither ampicillin nor sulbactam inhibited myeloperoxidase activity. Sublethal concentrations of sulbactam had no significant effect on neutrophil killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Our results demonstrate a mechanism(s) by which ampicillin inhibits luminol-enhanced luminescence from stimulated neutrophils, namely, through scavenging of the oxidant(s) primarily responsible for the generation of luminescence.     

Inapparent infection of hepatitis A virus

To detect inapparent infection with hepatitis A virus, serial sera were collected from patients with hepatitis A and their contacts in two waterborne epidemics in China. Epidemic 1 occurred in a rural village near Hangzhou during August 1978-January 1979, and epidemic 2 took place in a rural primary school in Pinghu County in Zhejiang in April-May 1985. These sera were tested for antibodies against hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) activity, and icteric index. Feces also were collected in epidemic 1 to test for hepatitis A virus antigen. Both anti-HAV immunoglobulin M (IgM) and total anti-HAV were assayed in sera from "healthy persons" (symptomless persons without icterus and with normal SGPT level) who were in close contact with hepatitis A patients. In epidemic 1, among 18 "healthy persons", 12 were anti-HAV IgM positive, two were immune, and four susceptibles escaped infection. In epidemic 2, among 32 "healthy children", three were anti-HAV IgM positive, five had been infected by hepatitis A virus in the past, and 24 were not infected. These results demonstrate that inapparent infections occur along with overt and subclinical infections during epidemics of hepatitis A. The proportions of inapparent, subclinical, and overt infections were, respectively, 34.3%, 45.7%, and 20% in epidemic 1, and 25%, 50%, and 25% in epidemic 2. In addition, hepatitis A virus particles were demonstrated in the feces of all infected subjects who were examined and who included all levels of clinical response. These particles were identified with immuno-electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunoassay.