听力测试中短文听写的应试技巧

复合式听写比听力选择题更强调语言综合运用能力。全面打好语言基本功是提高听写能力的重要途径。但听写训练具有自身的科学性和技巧性，多练加巧练可以取得事半功倍的成效。     

王焕禄老中医治疗哮喘发作期的用药经验

王焕禄老中医在长期的临床实践中，总结出治疗哮喘病的一些用药体会，兹介绍如下，以飨读者。     

卵巢肿瘤合并副肿瘤性综合征

卵巢肿瘤合并副肿瘤性综合征（ovarian tumor associated with paraneoplastic syndrome）并非罕见,但由于此综合征往往先于肿瘤出现,而因肿瘤病灶小或隐匿不易被发现,常被临床医师所忽略,导致肿瘤未能得到及时诊断和治疗.＂paraneoplastic syndrome＂一词有译为副肿瘤性综合征、副肿瘤综合征、副癌综合征、肿瘤外综合征者.此综合征为肿瘤患者的一种复合症状,该症状不能用肿瘤本身或肿瘤转移来解释.现按主要受累系统的几种综合征简介如下,以加强临床医师对卵巢肿瘤合并副肿瘤性综合征特点的认识,减少误诊、误治。     

Effects of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

PURPOSES: Inhibition of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral mucosa was assayed. METHODS: Squamous cell carcinoma and normal oral mucosa were collected fresh from surgical specimens. The collected tissues were minced in RPMI 1640 and divided into 3 groups: cerulenin treated, dimethylsulfoxide treated, and control. The tissues were incubated in [1(2)-(14)C]acetic acid, sodium salt for the last 2.5 hours of the treatment at 37 degrees C in 5% CO(2). After labeling, total lipids were extracted and counted for (14)C by scintillation counting. RESULTS: Endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell caranoma in the cerulenin-treated group decreased by 19% at 1 hour, 64% at 2 hours, and 87% at 4 hours; remained nearly unchanged in the dimethylsulfoxide-treated group; and increased slightly in the control group. The oral mucosa tissues were only mildly affected by cerulenin in fatty acid synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Cerulenin significantly inhibits fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma and only mildly affected the oral mucosa, indicating that the fatty acid synthetic pathway may be exploited as a target for developing anticancer drugs.     

48例干扰素治疗慢性乙肝不良反应的观察及护理

重组α-2b干扰素是具有抗病毒和免疫调节作用的生物学调节活性物质。近年来，国外文献报道α-2b干扰素治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎(CAH—B)取得较好效果。特别是基因工程问世，使大量的高纯度干扰素应用于临床。现对48例慢性乙肝患者使用干扰素后的不良反应的观察与护理，报道如下。     

The CLDN5 locus may be involved in the vulnerability to schizophrenia.

The present study was designed to detect three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on 22q11 that was thought as being of particularly importance for genetic research into schizophrenia. We recruited a total of 176 Chinese family trios of Han descent, consisting of mothers, fathers and affected offspring with schizophrenia for the genetic analysis. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) showed that of three SNPs, rs10314 in the 3'-untranslated region of the CLDN5 locus was associated with schizophrenia (chi(2) = 4.75, P = 0.029). The other two SNPs, rs1548359 present in the CDC45L locus centromeric of rs10314 and rs739371 in the 5'-flanking region of the CLDN5 locus, did not show such an association. The global chi-square (chi(2)) test showed that the 3-SNP haplotype system was not associated with schizophrenia although the 1-df test for individual haplotypes showed that the rs1548359(C)-rs10314(G)-rs739371(C) haplotype was excessively non-transmitted (chi(2) = 5.32, P = 0.02). Because the claudin proteins are a major component for barrier-forming tight junctions that could play a crucial role in response to changing natural, physiological and pathological conditions, the CLDN5 association with schizophrenia may be an important clue leading to look into a meeting point of genetic and environmental factors.     

Protein ubiquitination in postsynaptic densities after transient cerebral ischemia.

The mechanisms underlying neurologic deficits and delayed neuronal death after ischemia are not fully understood. In the present study, we report that transient cerebral ischemia induces accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins (ubi-proteins) in postsynaptic densities (PSDs). By immunoelectron microscopy, we demonstrated that ubi-proteins were highly accumulated in PSD structures after ischemia. On Western blots, ubi-proteins were markedly increased in purified PSDs at 30 minutes of reperfusion, and the increase persisted until cell death in the CA1 region after ischemia. In the resistant DG area, however, the changes were transient and significantly less pronounced. Deposition of ubi-proteins in PSDs after ischemia correlates well with PSD structural damage in the CA1 region as viewed by electron microscopy. These results suggest that the ubiquitin-proteasome system fails to repair and remove damaged proteins in PSDs. The changes may demolish synaptic neurotransmission, contribute to neurologic deficits, and eventually lead to delayed neuronal death after transient cerebral ischemia.     

Laryngeal tuberculosis: a review of 26 cases.

OBJECTIVES: To review the clinical characteristics of laryngeal tuberculosis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Medical records of 26 histopathology-confirmed cases in a tertiary medical center from 1992 to 2006. RESULTS: The female patients were significantly younger than male patients. Hoarseness is the most common symptom (84.6%) because true vocal fold is most commonly involved (80.8%). Infection usually involves unilateral (66.7%) and right-side larynx but multiple subsites of the larynx (57.7%). The appearance of the affected larynx may have mixed features and change before diagnosis. Laryngeal tuberculosis is usually misdiagnosed as laryngeal cancer, especially in patients with malignant signs such as enlarged cervical lymph nodes and vocal fold immobility. Chest film is better than sputum examinations for screening. CONCLUSION: We should be especially alert about TB infection when facing young female patients with unusual laryngeal lesions. Extensive laser excision before diagnosis should be avoided because after antituberculous treatment, prognosis is usually good and vocal fold immobility could be reversible.     

硒和维生素A对支原体肺炎的治疗效果观察

观察硒和维生素A(VA)对支原体肺炎的治疗效果.方法 采用双盲随机对照2×2析因实验设计,选择100例住院支原体肺炎患儿,分为补硒组26例,补VA组23例,补硒和VA组30例以及病例对照组21例,正常组21例.一次补硒量为1mg亚硒酸钠和/或15万单位VA,对照病例组给予常规治疗.结果 与对照组比,治疗后3个补充组的症状和体征缓解天数均有不同程度缩短(P<0.05),补硒组白细胞硒和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平显著上升(P<0.05),补VA、补硒组血清VA水平上升(P<0.01),细胞免疫功能有所改善.结论 硒和VA有协同作用,补充硒或同时加VA,作为辅助治疗支原体肺炎的方法,安全、有效.     

准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光临床分析

目的评价准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光的临床效果。方法应用准分子激光（NIDEKEC—5000型）治疗24D以下．伴或不件5D以内散光的近视眼。214只治疗眼随诊6个月以上。结果随诊1年以上的病例显示术后3个月屈光度及视力基本稳定。术后6个月时，在等值球镜度低于6D的治疗眼中，裸眼视力≥1．0者占92．04％，≥0．5为100％，80．53％的裸眼视力≥术前最佳矫正视力，99．12％的眼屈光度在预定矫正度数的±1．00D以内。低于10D的高度近视眼也有近似的疗效。214只治疗眼中操眼视力≥1．0者占78．97％，≥0．5为90．65％，72．43％的裸眼视力≥术前最佳矫正视力，88．32％的眼屈光度在预定矫正度数的±1．00D以内。6只眼（2．80％）最佳矫正视力减少2行以上，有Ⅱ级以上Haze的有7眼间（3．27％）。结论准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光具有很高程度的精确性和安全性，在＜10D的近视眼中更显示了良好的预测性和稳定性。