高截留量血液透析对维持性血液透析患者血清超敏C反应蛋白、白介素6、白介素12及肿瘤坏死因子α的清除作用

目的探讨高截留量血液透析（HCO-HD）对维持性血液透析患者血清超敏C反应蛋白（H-CRP）、白介素6、白介素12、肿瘤坏死因子α清除作用。 方法选取2018年8月至2019年1月在江苏省苏北人民医院血液净化中心行维持性血液透析并符合入选标准的患者10例,对所有患者由普通血液透析改为高截留量血液透析,对其进行前瞻性自身对照研究。10例患者分别行单次普通血液透析（HD组）、血液透析滤过（HDF组）及高截留量血液透析（HCO-HD组）,均为4 h/次,对比3种透析方式对血清H-CRP、白介素6、白介素12、肿瘤坏死因子α及白蛋白的清除作用。此外,还比较了血清中尿素氮、肌酐、钙、磷透析前及透析后的变化。 结果（1）HCO-HD组对血清炎性因子的清除率最高,增加了对炎性因子的清除作用。HCO-HD与HDF两种透析方式相比对炎性因子及白蛋白的清除作用无统计学意义（P>0.05）。HCO-HD组对炎性因子及白蛋白的清除率均明显高于HD组[白介素6：67（20~79）vs 17（-5~60）,白介素12：15（11.5~22）vs -6（-19.5~19.5）,H-CRP：30（22~52）vs 17（4~36）,肿瘤坏死因子α：11（5~16.5）vs -16（-19~10.5）,白蛋白：31（28~69）vs 11（-2~24）],差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。HDF与HD两种透析方式比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（2）透析后HCO-HD组的血清炎性因子、白蛋白及尿素氮、血肌酐、钙浓度均较透析前明显下降[（白介素6：（4.6±3.9）ng/L vs（9.0±3.3）ng/L,白介素12：（31.3±21.0）ng/L vs（38.8±22.0）ng/L,肿瘤坏死因子α：（59.9±46.0）ng/L vs（66.0±46.7）ng/L,H-CRP：（15.5±6.6）μg/L vs（20.9±8.0）μg/L;白蛋白（38.6±2.2）g/L vs（46.4±4.4）g/L;尿素氮（7.7±3.4）mmol/L vs（27.7±6.1）mmol/L;血肌酐（236.2±93.3）μmol/L vs（740.5±219.5）μmol/L;血钙（2.0±0.3）mmol/L vs（2.2±0.2）mmol/L],差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论与传统的透析方式相比,HCO-HD可以显著增加对维持性血液透析患者血清炎性因子的清除,同时对小分子的尿毒症毒素也有清除作用,但使用HCO-HD时白蛋白损失较大。     

动力髋螺钉治疗老年人股骨转子间骨折的疗效评价

目的探讨应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的方法和疗效。方法2001年7月~2004年3月,应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年人股骨转子间骨折28例,按EVANS分类Ⅰ型3例、Ⅱ型9例、Ⅲ型14例、Ⅳ型2例。结果术后随访6~18个月,平均8个月,骨折均在6个月内愈合,髋关节功能优良25例,占89.3%,2例内固定松动。结论应用动力髋螺钉是治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的理想内固定材料。但对于严重骨质疏松和不稳定骨折,术后应延长下床活动及负重时间,以防止内固定松动。     

针刺手法效应规律及神经电信息机制研究

针刺手法是影响针刺疗效的关键,然而其作用规律、机制尚不完全清楚。天津中医药大学实验针灸学研究中心郭义教授团队与天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院王江教授团队,长期以来围绕针刺手法作用规律及神经电信息机制开展合作研究,构建了常见针刺手法的数学模型,用数学语言解析了针刺手法操作过程,实现了针刺手法的科学表征;揭示了基于神经电信息的针刺手法部分作用规律;刻画了针刺手法电信号的非线性动力学特征,明确不同针刺手法诱发神经电信息编码存在差异,是针刺手法效应差异的机制之一。研究成果为针刺手法的科学性奠定了提供了实验依据,对针刺手法的传承、应用和发展具有促进作用。     

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of PLGA-based doxorubicin-loaded implants for tumor therapy

The traditional systemic chemotherapy through intravenous infusion of doxorubicin (DOX) has many side effects. The aim of this study was to develop a PLGA-based DOX-loaded implant and to evaluate the efficacy and drug metabolism distribution of the implant in intratumoral chemotherapy for osteosarcoma (OS). In this study, implants containing DOX, poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide), and polyethylene glycol 4000 were prepared by melt-molding method. Then, the antitumor activity and systemic drug distribution of the implants were tested in a K7M2 OS bearing mouse model. The scanning electron microscope images showed that DOX was uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix. Both the in vitro and in vivo release profiles of implants are characterized by three-phase release. Implantation of DOX-loaded implants into tumors can inhibit tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. The pharmacokinetic behavior shows that intratumor chemotherapy through implants has a much higher drug concentration in tumors than in normal tissues, which may be the reason for improving antitumor activity and reducing systemic side effects. In summary, the drug release of the implants prepared in this study is sustained and stable, which promotes long-term local accumulation of drugs in tumors, improves the efficacy of chemotherapy and has low toxicity to normal tissues.     

Explore the effect of LLY‐283 on the ototoxicity of auditory cells caused by cisplatin: A bioinformatic analysis based on RNA‐seq

BackgroundCisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug in clinics, and long‐term application will lead to hearing impairment. LLY‐283, an inhibitor of PRMT5, has not been reported in deafness. Our study aimed to explore the mechanism of LLY‐283 in hearing impairment.Materials and MethodsFirst, we performed RNA‐seq (cisplatin in the experimental group and DMSO in the control group) to obtain the biological processes mainly involved in differentially expressed genes (DEGs). CCK‐8 and LDH experiments were used to observe the effect of LLY‐283 on cisplatin‐induced auditory cell injury. ROS experiment was used to monitor the impact of LLY‐283 on oxidative damage of auditory cells. Effect of LLY‐283 on apoptosis of auditory cells detected by TUNEL experiment. PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of genes and proteins related to auditory cell apoptosis in LLY‐283 cells. Meanwhile, we explored the effect of LLY‐283 on the expression of PRMT5 in cisplatin‐induced hearing impaired cells at RNA and protein levels.ResultsBiological process analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in the apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis (‐Log₁₀ P = 3.71). CCK‐8 and LDH experiments confirmed that LLY‐283 could save cisplatin‐induced auditory cell injury. ROS experiments confirmed that LLY‐283 could rescue cisplatin‐induced oxidative damage to auditory cells. TUNEL experiments confirmed that LLY‐283 could protect cisplatin‐induced apoptosis of auditory cells. Meanwhile, LLY‐283 could inhibit the expression of PRMT5 in auditory cells induced by cisplatin.ConclusionLLY‐283 can rescue cisplatin‐induced auditory cell apoptosis injury. LLY‐283 can inhibit the increase in PRMT5 expression induced by cisplatin.     

H. pylori Infection and Colorectal Cancers by Anatomical Locations

Background: H. pylori infection may play a role in the development of colorectal cancers (CRC). We aimed to examine the association between H. pylori infection and the risk of CRC by anatomical locations. Methods: We conducted a case-control study on 91 incidence cases of CRC and 224 hospital controls. CRC was determined by histopathological examinations. H. pylori IgG antibody in serum was tested. We collected data on the diet, nutrition, and lifestyle by the validated semi-quantitative food frequency and demographic lifestyle questionnaire. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (OR (95%CI) were estimated for CRC and its subgroups. Results: Overall 54.95% of CRC cases and 42.41% of the controls were H. pylori-seropositive, OR (95%CI): 1.56 (0.88, 2.74), p for trend=0.115. Positive dose-response association in quartiles, highest vs lowest, was observed for total CRC, OR (95%CI): 2.14 (1.00, 4.58), p for trend=0.049, for proximal colon, OR (95%CI): 1.52 (0.37, 6.25), p for trend=0.571), and for distal colon and rectum cancers combined, OR (95%CI): 2.38 (1.03, 5.50), p for trend=0.039. Conclusions: There is a positive association between H. pylori and colorectal cancers, especially distal colon and rectum cancers combined, but additional research is needed to determine the underlying mechanism of chronic H. pylori infection-induced CRC in humans.     

CrkⅡ表达水平对喉癌细胞Hep-2增殖、迁移及侵袭的影响

目的探讨CrkⅡ表达水平对喉癌细胞Hep-2增殖、迁移及侵袭的影响。方法采用免疫组化法检测CrkⅡ在108例喉癌患者喉癌组织及癌旁正常组织中的表达情况,分析不同临床特征喉癌患者喉癌组织中CrkⅡ蛋白的阳性表达情况。构建并验证CrkⅡRNA干扰质粒,将培养后的Hep-2细胞分为空白对照组(未转染质粒)、阴性对照组(转染阴性对照质粒)和实验组(转染CrkⅡ干扰质粒),细胞转染后行实时聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增。采用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测转染后Hep-2细胞中CrkⅡ的表达水平,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞的增殖情况,Transwell实验检测细胞的侵袭和迁移能力,细胞划痕实验检测细胞的迁移情况。结果喉癌组织中CrkⅡ蛋白的阳性表达率明显高于癌旁正常组织(P﹤0.01)。临床分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、组织分化程度为中低分化、有淋巴结转移喉癌患者喉癌组织中CrkⅡ蛋白的阳性表达率均高于临床分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、组织分化程度为高分化、无淋巴结转移的喉癌患者(P﹤0.05)。实验组喉癌细胞Hep-2中CrkⅡmRNA和蛋白的相对表达量均低于阴性对照组、空白对照组(P﹤0.05)。实验组穿过基质膜至下室的细胞数目低于阴性对照组和空白对照组(P﹤0.05)。转染48 h时,实验组细胞的迁移率低于阴性对照组、空白对照组(P﹤0.05)。细胞培养24、48、72 h时,实验组Hep-2细胞的光密度(OD)值均低于空白对照组和阴性对照组(P﹤0.05)。结论喉癌细胞Hep-2中CrkⅡ的表达下调可降低细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力,CrkⅡ有可能成为喉癌临床治疗的新靶点。     

胎儿出生缺陷产前筛查超声诊断的研究进展

胎儿出生缺陷产前筛查是降低胎儿出生缺陷率的重要检查,使用各种临床诊断方式提高胎儿出生缺陷产前检出率是现阶段产前筛查的重点内容。超声诊断是产科常用的诊断方式,在产前检查中应用超声诊断能够准确了解胎儿相关情况,超声诊断在胎儿出生缺陷产前筛查中同样也发挥着良好的作用。