慢性肾衰继发性甲旁亢iPTH水平变化的临床意义及罗钙全疗效观察

目的探讨慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)并发继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进(SHPT)血中全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)水平变化的临床意义及小剂量罗钙全对慢性肾衰继发甲旁亢早期的疗效观察。方法分别采用免疫放射法、苦味酸法、偶氮胂Ⅲ法、直接紫外法测定60例健康体检者和94例CRF患者血iPTH、Cr、Ca、P含量;取iPTH含量87.5～295ng/L的SHPT病人随机分为观察组和治疗组各23例,治疗组每天口服罗钙全0.25ug。结果血iPTH水平随肾功能损害的加重而逐渐升高,与Cr成正相关,P亦逐渐升高,Ca则逐渐降低;治疗组服药3个月后,血iPTH显著降低(P<0.05),Ca明显升高(P<0.05),P无显著性差异(P>0.05),观察组血iPTH显著升高(P<0.05)。结论iPTH可作为早期诊断CRF继发性甲旁亢的敏感指标且其水平与肾功能损害程度一致;口服小剂量罗钙全治疗早期SHPT的疗效与iPTH水平有关。     

Quantitative Detection of Interleukin 8 Gene Expression in Lung Cancer by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To develop a method for absolute quantification of interleukin 8 (IL—8) mRNA by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods The IL —8 mRNA and protein expression in 2 human lung cancer cell lines, H460 and A549, were evaluated by real-time PCR and ELISA. The IL-8 mRNA expression in 9 cases of normal lung tissue and 44 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were examined. Results The IL—8 mRNA copy number in a given sample can be measured by real-time PCR. The gene expression of IL—8 is correlated with its protein secretion. The normalized value of IL—8 expression was 4.87±1.69 (copies/ 10⁴ GAPDH copies) in normal lung tissue and 17.04 ±23.96 in NSCLC, respectively. The difference between these two groups is statistically significant (P=0.002). Using 9.74 and 19.48 as cut-off points for positive expression and overexpression of IL—8, 52.3%(23/44cases) of NSCLC were found to express an increased level of IL-8, among which 29.5% (13/ 44cases) were defined as positive expression and 22.7%(10/44cases) as overexpression. Statistical analysis indicated that IL—8 overexpression was significantly increased in female cancers, squamous carcinoma, and in late stages of disease (P<0.05). Conclusion The IL—8 gene expression can be determined by a real-time PCR technique. IL -8 overexpression is correlated with gender, histopathology and stages of the disease.     

喉癌人乳头瘤病毒感染和p53蛋白表达的研究

对４４例喉鳞癌和１６例声带息肉患者采用原位核酸杂交技术探测其人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）６Ｂ，１１，１６，１８型ＤＮＡ同源序列及ＬＳＡＢ免疫组化法探测其Ｐ５３蛋白的表达，结果：（１）喉癌与ＨＰＶ１６／１８杂交阳性率为４３．２％（１９／４４），声带息肉为１２．５％（２／１６）（Ｐ〈０．０５）（２）喉癌ｐ５３蛋白阳性率为５６．８％（２５／４４），声带息肉全部为阴性；（３）喉癌ＨＰＶ１６／１８杂交及ｐ５３蛋白     

应用声反射鼻测量计对鼻腔最小横截面积及其位置的测定

为了确定不同年龄组鼻腔最小横截面积及其距前鼻孔的距离，应用声反射鼻测量计对１３５５名健康儿童，少年及成人（３￣８６岁）进行检测，并对儿童、少年的ＭＣＡ、ＤＣＡ值与年龄相关性进行初步探讨。     

喉癌、下咽癌颈廓清组织中转移淋巴结的分布研究

对54侧经临床检查或／和CT扫描确诊为有淋巴结转移而行预廓清的标本进行病理学观察，发现：喉癌、下咽癌淋巴结转移有一定规律可循，即LevelⅡ、Ⅲ有较高的转移率，LevelⅣ、Ⅵ的发生率较低，而LevelⅠ、LevelⅤ很少发生转移。提示：喉癌、下咽癌病人的颈廓清的施术应在颈LevelⅡ～Ⅳ廓清的同时行同侧甲状腺侧叶的切除以将颈中器官周围淋巴结清扫彻底。对LevelⅠ，LevelⅤ的清扫应在临床触诊、CT检查的证实下或术中发现转移时方可进行．以减少颈廓清手术范围、手术时间和术后并发症的发生。     

新生儿败血症单个核细胞产生肿瘤坏死因子α的能力及意义

探讨新生儿败血症患儿单个核细胞产生肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）的能力及意义。方法用ELISA法检测TNFα，用内毒素（LPS）体外诱导单个核细胞产生TNFα检测单个核细胞产生TNFα的能力。结果新生儿败血症患儿病程＜4d者血浆中可测到TNFα，而＞4d者及健康对照者未能测到。单个核细胞产生TNFα的能力，病程＜4d者与＞4d者无差异，二者均低于健康对照。存活儿及死亡儿出院或临终前血浆TNFα均测不到，而单个核细胞产生TNFα的能力，死亡者低于存活者及健康对照，后二者无差异。结论TNFα可能仅在败血症早期起作用。起病后败血症患儿继续产生TNFα的能力将降低，且单个核细胞产生TNFα的能力与病情变化一致。对判断新生儿败血症患儿的预后有重要价值。     

重组人白细胞介素4(rhIL-4)抗肿瘤活性研究

IL-4是由Th2淋巴细胞和肥大细胞分泌的一种糖蛋白,最初被证明具有激活B细胞的功能,进一步发现IL-4还可以调节T、B淋巴细胞、肥大细胞、内皮细胞增殖和分化。近年来有文献报道IL-4可以抑制小鼠的恶性肿瘤的生长,IL-4对人的肿瘤细胞系也具有增殖抑制作用。本实验采用了六种人的肿瘤细胞系,观察重组人IL-4对其生长抑制作用,及裸鼠的整体抗肿瘤研究,探讨rhIL-4的抗肿瘤的应用前景。 1 材料与方法 1.1 rhIL-4来源 rhIL-4的工程菌由北京医科大学构建。中试纯化的rhIL-4由军事医学科学院生物工程研究所制备。 1.2 肿瘤细胞系及培养条件 人肺巨细胞肺癌(PLA801C)、人非小细胞肺癌(GLC-82)、人B细胞淋巴瘤(Daudi)、人单核细胞淋巴瘤(U937)、人T细胞淋巴瘤(Hut78)、人T细胞白血病(CEM)。培养液为含10％的小牛血清RBMI     

Atrophy of the corpus callosum associated with a decrease in cortical benzodiazepine receptor in large cerebral arterial occlusive diseases

OBJECTIVES: It remains controversial whether selective neuronal ischaemic change develops in patients with occlusion of the large cerebral arteries. Previous studies have shown atrophy of the corpus callosum with reduced cortical oxygen metabolism in large cerebral arterial occlusive diseases, which might be indirect evidence of loss of the neurons in cortical layer 3. Recent studies of patients with ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases have demonstrated reduced central benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) binding in the normal appearing cortical areas, which might be more direct evidence of changes of the neurons. Although pathophysiology of the decreased BZR is unclear, a decrease in the cortical BZR binding with neuronal loss would cause atrophy of the corpus callosum. The purpose of this study was to determine whether atrophy of the corpus callosum is associated with a decrease in cortical BZR binding in large cerebral arterial occlusive diseases. METHODS: Seven patients with occlusive diseases of the middle cerebral or internal carotid artery and only minor subcortical infarctions were studied. Single photon emission tomographic images of (123)I labelled iomazenil (IMZ) obtained 180 minutes after injection were analysed for BZR binding. The midsagittal corpus callosum area/skull area ratio (on T1 weighted magnetic resonance images) was compared with the cerebral IMZ uptake/cerebellar IMZ uptake ratio. RESULTS: Compared with 23 age and sex matched control subjects, the patients had significantly decreased callosal area/skull area ratio. The degree of corpus callosum atrophy was significantly and strongly (rho=0.99, p<0.02) correlated with that of the decreases in the mean cerebral cortical IMZ uptake ratio. CONCLUSION: Corpus callosum atrophy may occur in association with a decrease in cortical BZR binding in large cerebral arterial occlusive diseases. Corpus callosum atrophy with decreased cortical BZR binding might reflect cortical neuronal damage in large cerebral arterial occlusive diseases.     

妊娠期接受MRI磁场照射对子代大鼠不同发育期MAPK的影响

【目的】　研究妊娠期接受磁共振 (magneticresonanceimaging ,MRI)复合磁场照射对子代大鼠不同发育期脑部丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (mitogenactivatedproteinkinase ,MAPK) /细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶 (extracellularsignalregulatedproteinkinase ,ERK )表达的影响。 　【方法】　SD孕鼠妊娠第 12～ 18d给予 0 .3 5TMRI磁场照射 ,雌性子鼠1、2、5月龄时进行大脑切片免疫组化SP方法染色 ,并用图像分析仪进行半定量分析。　【结果】　MAPK/ERK免疫反应在大鼠脑切片上广泛表达 ;随着年龄增长 ,未发现其表达的变化 ;在各年龄段子鼠照射组和对照组间MAPK/ERK的免疫反应表达差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。　【结论】　妊娠期MRI磁场照射后并未引起子代大鼠MAPK/ERK免疫反应表达的异常