黄褐毛忍冬化学成分及先导物的糖基化研究

目的研究黄褐毛忍冬的化学成分及其先导物衍生物的制备。方法提取和纯化黄褐毛忍冬中的化学成分及先导物,采用酰化和甲基化方法制备衍生物,通过光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果用石油醚从黄褐毛忍冬分离得到两个化合物,分别为三十烷醇（Ⅰ）和岩白菜素（Ⅱ）,制备了先导物常春藤皂苷元以及两个衍生物,经光谱确证结构。结论以天然化合物制备先导物产率高,有利于进一步的糖基化修饰。     

Effectiveness of a double-carbapenem combinations against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant organisms posed considerable threat to global health while only limited treatment options are available and led to efforts to discover a novel way to treat them. To evaluate in vitro synergistic activity of meropenem plus ertapenem, a total of 203 carbapenem-resistant strains, collected from 12 provinces and municipalities in China, were examined with a dual carbapenem combination therapy. The statistical software R was used for analysis. Two hundred and one (201) of carbapenem-resistant strains mainly produced four types of carbapenemase: KPC-2 (n = 142, 69.95%), OXA-232 (n = 7, 3.45%), NDM (n = 38, 18.72%; 36 NDM-1, 1 NDM-4, 1 NDM-5), and IMP (n = 15, 7.39%; 1 IMP-26, 10 IMP-30, 4 IMP-4). Fifty-one out of two hundred and three (51/203 or 25.12%) of the examined strains showed a synergistic effect for the meropenem plus ertapenem combination throughout the checkerboard method, while only three isolates showed potential clinically relevant synergy (3/203, 1.48%). An additive effect was observed in 55/203 (27.09%) of the examined strains. Ninety-seven of the examined isolates (47.78%) showed fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) greater or equal to 2 (indicating antagonism). The synergistic activity of meropenem plus ertapenem combination suggests this combination can be a possible way to treat the infection caused by the carbapenem-resistant organisms, especially for IMP or NDM producer with a lesser minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the infected individual who was not recommended to use colistin or tigecycline.     

三七总苷联合葛根黄酮治疗不稳定型心绞痛的机制探讨

目的观察三七总苷联合葛根黄酮对不稳定型心绞痛的治疗效果,并进一步探讨其可能的治疗机制。方法随机将64例不稳定型心绞痛患者分为2组,分别给予常规抗不稳定型心绞痛治疗（A组）及在常规治疗基础上添加三七总苷注射液静脉滴注及口服葛酮通络胶囊（B组）,治疗2周。观察2组临床疗效以及治疗前后血浆中纤溶酶原激活物（t-PA）及抑制物（PAI）、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1（sICAM-1）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、基质金属蛋白酶-9、氧化型低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）的水平及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活力变化并进行对比分析。结果 B组的临床疗效显著高于A组;B组的t-PA水平治疗后明显升高、PAI水平明显降低（P均〈0.05）,而A组t-PA、PAI治疗前后均无明显变化（P均〉0.05）;2组的SICAM-1、CRP及MMP-9水平治疗后均明显降低（P均〈0.05）,B组降低的幅度较A组更显著（P均〈0.05）;A组的ox-LDL治疗前后无明显变化,而B组治疗后水平明显降低（P〈0.05）;2组的SOD活力在治疗后均升高（P均〈0.05）,B组的升高幅度较A组更显著（P〈0.05）。结论三七总苷联合葛根黄酮治疗不稳定型心绞痛临床疗效肯定,其通过调节血脂、改善纤溶活性、减轻炎症反应及抗氧化等,从而降低冠状动脉事件的再发生率。     

LOX与VEGF蛋白在人喉鳞癌中的表达及其相关性研究

目的检测赖氨酰氧化酶（LOX）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）蛋白在人喉鳞癌中的表达,探讨其对喉鳞癌转移及预后的影响及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测14例有淋巴结转移的喉鳞癌及24例未见淋巴结转移的原位癌组织中LOX及VEGF的表达情况,并分析其表达的相关性。结果①LOX、VEGF在喉鳞癌组织中表达显著高于癌旁正常组织（P均〈0．05）。②VEGF在淋巴结转移组与无转移组表达阳性率分别为100％和71％,具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;LOX在淋巴结转移组与无转移组表达无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。③LOX、VEGF的表达与患者的年龄、性别、临床分型及临床分期等临床病理因素无关。④LOX与VEGF在人喉鳞癌组织中表达呈正相关。结论LOX与VEGF存在正相关性,可作为喉癌治疗的一个新靶点。VEGF的高表达可能是造成LOX表达变化的重要影响因素之一。     

甲状腺乳头状癌中血管内皮生长因子C和PTEN蛋白的表达及意义

目的分析血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF—C）和PTEN蛋白在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及意义。方法应用免疫组化方法检测60例甲状腺乳头状癌和60例甲状腺腺瘤手术切除标本中的VEGF—C和PTEN蛋白的表达情况,分析二者与临床病理特征的关系。结果VEGF—C在甲状腺乳头状癌中阳性表达率显著高于甲状腺腺瘤（P〈0．01）;而PTEN蛋白在甲状腺乳头状癌中阳性表达率显著低于甲状腺腺瘤的阳性表达率（P〈0．001）。不同临床TNM分期、有无淋巴结转移的患者,癌组织中VEGF—C和PTEN蛋白的阳性表达率比较（P〈0．05）;而不同年龄、性别的患者,癌组织中二者的阳性表达率间差异无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。VEGF—C与PTEN蛋白的表达呈负相关（r=-0．265,P〈0．05）。结论VEGF—C和PTEN蛋白的表达改变与甲状腺乳头状癌的形成有一定关系;二者检测对甲状腺乳头状癌的诊断、治疗及预后具有重要的临床意义。     

Anti-Corrosion Performance of Migratory Corrosion Inhibitors on Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Varying Degrees of Chloride Erosion

This study investigated the anti-corrosion performance of commercial amino alcohol migratory corrosion inhibitors (MCIs) on concrete that underwent varying degrees of chloride erosion. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PD), scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analyses were performed to study the anti-corrosion performance and mechanism of the MCIs on the steel bars. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of the steel bars in concrete was significantly improved by coating with the MCIs, and the earlier the specimens were coated with the MCIs, the higher the anti-corrosion efficiency. The anti-corrosion efficiency was 55.35% when the MCIs coating was applied before chloride erosion; however, the anti-corrosion efficiency decreased to 3.40% when the MCIs coating was applied after the ninth drying–wetting cycle. The improvement in corrosion resistance of the steel bar in concrete coated with MCIs was due to the protective MCIs-molecule film that formed on the steel bar surfaces, and the oxidative dissolution of iron at the anode was effectively inhibited by the MCIs coating.     

脑安胶囊联合艾地苯醌治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的 探讨脑安胶囊联合艾地苯醌片治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年1月—2021年12月湘潭医卫职院附属医院（湘潭市第三人民医院）收治的80例急性脑梗死患者,根据随机数字表法将80例患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各40例。对照组患者口服艾地苯醌片,30 mg/次,3次/d。治疗组患者在对照组治疗的基础上口服脑安胶囊,0.8g/次,2次/d。两组患者连续治疗4周。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的功能综合评定量表（FCA）评分、美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表（NIHSS）评分、低灌注区面积以及血清抗心磷脂抗体（ACA）、趋化因子配体12(CXCL12)、基质金属蛋白酶8(MMP-8)水平。结果 与对照组（75.00%）相比,治疗组的总有效率（92.50%）更高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组的FCA评分显著增大,NIHSS评分显著减小（P<0.05）;治疗组的FCA评分高于对照组,NIHSS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组的低灌注区面积均显著缩小（P<0.05）,治疗组的低灌注区面积明显小于对照组,差异有统计学...     

Effect of Bi,Sb, and Ti on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SAC105 Alloys

The Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder alloys with a low Ag (Ag < 3 wt.%) content have attracted great attention owing to their low cost, increased ability in bulk compliance, and plastic energy dissipation. However, some of their mechanical properties are generally lower than the SAC alloys with a higher Ag content. Adding alloying elements is an effective approach for improving the mechanical properties of the SAC alloys. In this study, the effect of Bi, Sb, and Ti on Sn-1 wt.%Ag-0.5 wt.%Cu (SAC105) solder alloys was investigated. The SAC solders with four compositions: SAC105-1 wt.%Bi, SAC105-1 wt.%Sb, SAC105-1 wt.%Bi-1 wt.%Sb, SAC105-1 wt.%Bi-1 wt.%Sb-0.4 wt.%Ti were prepared. The microstructure and phase compositions were characterized using electron scanning microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The thermal properties and wettability were also examined. Uniaxial tensile tests and nano-indentation tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties. The results show that adding Bi or Sb could increase the strength of SAC105 alloys mainly due to the solid solution strengthening effect. The creep resistance of SAC105 alloys was also improved with the additions of Bi and Sb. The co-additions of Bi and Sb into SAC105 alloys exhibit an enhanced creep resistance than that calculated by the theoretical calculation. The further addition of Ti into SAC105-1Bi-1Sb alloys demonstrated a much-improved creep resistance, which could be attributed to the synergistic effects of both solid solution strengthening and the precipitation hardening effects.     

High-Dose Dual Therapy Versus Bismuth-Containing Quadruple Therapy for the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Background:This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-dose dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication compared to bismuth-containing quadruple therapy.Methods:The electronic database of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 18, 2021. Randomized, controlled trials that evaluated high-dose dual therapy versus bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for H. pylori infection were included.Results:We included 6 studies containing 1677 patients with H. pylori infection. This meta-analysis demonstrated that high-dose dual therapy achieved similar eradication rate compared with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (intention-to-treat: 84.6% vs 83.7%, relative risk (RR) = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.97-1.06, P = .49; per-protocol = 88.4% vs 89.0%, RR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.97-1.04, P = .99). However, high-dose dual therapy showed fewer side effects (13.1% vs 32.0%, RR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34-0.78, P = .002) and better compliance (96.1% vs 93.3%, RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.05, P = .03) compared to bismuth-containing quadruple therapy.Conclusion:This meta-analysis demonstrated that high-dose dual therapy is equally effective with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy in eradicating H. pylori, with fewer side effects and better compliance.