不同药物联合对男性高血压患者勃起功能的影响

目的探讨不同联合降压方案对高血压男性患者勃起功能的影响。方法采用前瞻性随机、平行、对照、固定治疗方案将148名≤60岁男性高血压患者随机分为3组:A组[非洛地平5 mg/d+厄贝沙坦150 mg/d(n=49)],B组[非洛地平5 mg/d+琥珀酸美托洛尔47.5 mg/d(n=46)],C组[非洛地平5 mg/d+氢氯噻嗪12.5 mg/d(n=53)]。治疗4周若血压≥140/90 mm Hg,非洛地平剂量加倍。随访6月。采用国际男性性功能判断指标(IIEF-5)分别于治疗前、后对IIEF-5和血清睾酮、性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)进行评定。结果治疗后3组降压达标率、有效率组间比较均无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。治疗前、后勃起功能障碍(ED)的总发生率分别为34.46%、35.81%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组治疗前后轻、中、重度ED的发生率之间亦无统计学差异。3组治疗前后中、重度ED的IIEF-5评分比较无统计学差异,但A组可提高轻、中度ED患者的IIEF-5评分。3组血清睾酮和SHBG治疗前后比较无统计学差异。结论非洛地平缓释片联合厄贝沙坦片有利于男性高血压轻、中度ED患者性功能的改善。     

云南省19县(市)小板纤恙螨地区分布及宿主选择研究

根据云南省不同地理方位、地形地貌、气候与生态等特点,于2001-2009年选取19县(市)为调查点,诱捕小兽,收集其耳廓和外耳道的全部恙螨,分析小板纤恙螨(Leptotrombidium scutellare)在不同宿主、不同地区的分布情况。结果 ,在捕获的4目7科18属30种9 838只小兽体表采集到小板纤恙螨16 491只,占所有恙螨的17.73%(16 491/92 990)。在调查的19县(市)中,12个县(市)有小板纤恙螨分布,主要分布于云南西北部和南部的高海拔、低气温、低降水量地区。小板纤恙螨寄生宿主广泛,主要宿主为大绒鼠(Eothenomys miletus)和齐氏姬鼠(Apodemuschevrieri)。     

正交设计优选超声波提取刺玫果中总鞣质的工艺研究

目的:本实验旨在考察超声波提取剌玫果总鞣质的最佳工艺条件。方法:本试验采用超声波法提取刺玫果总鞣质,用正交设计L_9(3~4)表优选超声提取的条件,采用干酪素法测定总鞣质含量。结果:超声波提取的最佳工艺为刺玫果粉末过100目筛、8倍溶剂量、提取功率400瓦、提取时间1h。测得刺玫果中总鞣质平均含量为2．467％。结论:超声波提取刺玫果中总鞣质是可行的。     

Efficacy of Fumonisin Esterase in Piglets as Animal Model for Fumonisin Detoxification in Humans: Pilot Study Comparing Intraoral to Intragastric Administration

Fumonisins, a group of highly prevalent and toxic mycotoxins, are suspected to be causal agents of several diseases in animals and humans. In the animal feed industry, fumonisin esterase is used as feed additive to prevent mycotoxicosis caused by fumonisins. In humans, a popular dosage form for dietary supplements, with high patient acceptance for oral intake, is capsule ingestion. Thus, fumonisin esterase provided in a capsule could be an effective strategy against fumonisin intoxication in humans. To determine the efficacy of fumonisin esterase through capsule ingestion, two modes of application were compared using piglets in a small-scale preliminary study. The enzyme was administered intraorally (in-feed analogue) or intragastrically (capsule analogue), in combination with fumonisin B1 (FB1). Biomarkers for FB1 exposure; namely FB1, hydrolysed FB1 (HFB1) and partially hydrolysed forms (pHFB1a and pHFB1b), were measured both in serum and faeces using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, and toxicokinetic parameters were calculated. Additionally, the serum sphinganine/sphingosine (Sa/So) ratio, a biomarker of effect, was determined using LC-MS/MS. A significantly higher Sa/So ratio was shown in the placebo group compared to both esterase treatments, demonstrating the efficacy of the esterase. Moreover, a significant decrease in serum FB1 area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and an increase of faecal HFB1 AUC were observed after intraoral esterase administration. However, these effects were not observed with statistical significance after intragastric esterase administration with the current sample size.     

Letter to the Editor: Increased Risk of Revision,Reoperation, and Implant Constraint in TKA After Multiligament Knee Surgery

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® -     

High resolution cell lineage tracing reveals developmental variability in leech

Knowing the normal patterns of embryonic cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation is a cornerstone for understanding development. Yet for most species, the precision with which embryonic cell lineages can be determined is limited by technical considerations (the large numbers of cells, extended developmental times, opacity of the embryos), and these are exacerbated by the inherent variability of the lineages themselves. Here, we present an improved method of cell lineage tracing in the leech Helobdella, driving the expression of a nuclearly localized histone H2B:GFP (green fluorescent protein) fusion protein in selected lineages by microinjection of a plasmid vector. This construct generates a long lasting and minimally mosaic signal with single cell resolution, and does not disrupt the development of most lineages tested. We have validated this technique by elucidating details of cell lineages contributing to segmental and prostomial tissues that could not be observed with standard dextran lineage tracers. Developmental Dynamics 238:3139–3151, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

半边旗药材提取工艺的研究

目的优选半边旗的提取工艺。方法采用b（3。）正交试验，考察乙醇浓度（A）、提取时间（B）、提取次数（c）和溶剂用量（D）4个影响因素，以5F（11β-hydroxy-15-OXO-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oicacid）含量为评价指标，并采用薄层扫描法进行含量测定。结果半边旗回流提取的最佳工艺为A282C3D3，即加12倍量70％乙醇，回流提取3次，每次2h.结论优选出的工艺稳定可行。     

用液-液双相连续萃取装置测定β-CD包合物中当归挥发油含量的新方法*

目的:考察液-液双相连续萃取法测定β-环糊精包合物中当归挥发油含量的可靠性。方法:采用液-液双相连续萃取自制装置,测定β-环糊精包合物中当归挥发油含量,将其测定结果与水蒸气蒸馏法的测定结果采用配对t检验进行统计学比较。结果:液-液双相连续萃取法测定β-环糊精包合物中当归挥发油含量为13.61%,RSD为2.09%;而水蒸气蒸馏法测得值为10.11%,RSD为4.97%,2种方法测得的当归挥发油含量比较,P<0.05,该差异有统计学意义。结论:液-液双相连续萃取法测定β-环糊精包合物中挥发油含量结果的准确度、重现性都较好。