低分子肝素对急性脑梗塞的影响

为了探讨低分子肝素（ＬＭＷＨ）在脑梗塞应用中的安全性及实用性，采用随机单盲对照方法，对３９例急性脑梗塞病人，予ＬＭＷＨ治疗，并与低分子右旋糖酐治疗进行比较。结果显示：ＬＭＷＨ组对不同程度患者的神经功能恢复程度明显优于低右组（Ｐ＜００１），ＬＭＷＨ组头颅ＣＴ扫描脑梗塞体积缩小的范围比对照组明显（Ｐ＜００５），ＬＭＷＨ不减少血小板数量及纤维蛋白量，不引起出血，可改善血液流变学，降低微循环总积分值。总有效率８７１８％。     

Visualization of patent foramen ovale by biplanar transesophageal echocardiography

Summary It is difficult for conventional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), by which precise and accurate images of interatrial septum (IAS) can not be acquired, to diagnose patent foramen ovale (PFO) clearly. To evaluate the diagnostic value of biplanar transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for PFO, TTE and biplanar TEE were performed simultaneously in 270 patients. It was found that in 7 patients patent foramen ovale was detected only through longitudinal planes of biplanar TEE. IAS, which consists of primitive septum and membrane of fossa ovalis, can be directly visualized by two-dimensional images of TEE; in patients with PFO, a dull color flow, which shunts from the right atria to the left atria through the gap between primitive septum and fossa ovalis, can be detected by color Doppler flow images. Furthermore, some right-to-left shunting microbubbles through the valve of patent fossa ovalis can be discovered by cardiac acoustic contrast echocardiography. In conclusion, biplanar TEE combined with color Doppler image and cardiac acoustic contrast facilitates a definite diagnosis of patent foramen ovale as the excellent anatomic images of IAS can be obtained from multiple views under this kind of performance.     

几种特殊类型的T细胞淋巴瘤——附17例临床病理学研究

从80多例T细胞淋巴瘤中筛选出17例具有特殊组织学性的肿瘤,分成六个类型:透明细胞型(9例)、大细胞间变型(2例)、嗜碱性免疫母细胞型(2例)、组织细胞样T细胞淋巴瘤(2例)、大无裂细胞样型(1例)、大细胞多叶核型(1例)。我们试从分类和来源问题上,对以上几型争论较大的淋巴瘤进行讨论,提出我们的初步看法。     

小儿感染性腹泻病原与肿瘤坏死因子水平的关系

肿瘤坏死因子是非常重要的炎症介质。本文为观察小儿感染性腹泻时ＴＮＦ水平与病原的关系。对１９９５年６月￣１９９６年８月收治的４６例细菌感染性腹泻，３５例病毒感染性腹泻患儿进行检测，于入院第一天测定ＴＮＦ水平记录当天的最高体温及腹泻次数，同时进行粪便病原学检查，结果表明在两组具有可比性的情况下，细菌性腹泻组较病毒性腹泻组的ＴＮＦ水平显著增高。     

Pharmacokinetics of Controlled Release and Immediate Release Morphine Sulphate Tablets after a Single Dose and Multiple Doses in Chinese Volunteers

健康志愿者１０名，随机交叉口服硫酸吗啡控释片（ＣＲＭＳ）３０ｍｇ（３０ｍｇ×１）和硫酸吗啡普通片（ＩＲＭＳ）２０ｍｇ（１０ｍｇ×２），分别于服药前后各时点取静脉血，用ＧＣＭＳ测定血浆中吗啡含量。以药代软件程序处理，分别求得ＣＲＭＳ和ＩＲＭＳ的Ｃｍａｘ为１９．３８±３．８０和２１．２７±６．２１ｎｇ／ｍｌ；ｔｍａｘ为２．３６±０．３７ｈ和０．５５±０．１６ｈ；ｔ１／２β为３．５３±０．８７ｈ和３．０３±０．７４ｈ，曲线下面积ＡＵＣ为１４５．１５±１７．６５和９３．０８±１６．６５ｎｇ·ｈ／ｍｌ。癌症病人多次口服硫酸吗啡至稳态，ＣＲＭＳ和ＩＲＭＳ的峰浓度分别为２７．４３±０．３３ｎｇ／ｍｌ，２２．６８±０．１６ｎｇ／ｍｌ；谷浓度分别为１９．４５±１．４４ｎｇ／ｍｌ；１８．１４±０．４９ｎｇ／ｍｌ。     

AlEtCl_2／t－BuCl引发α－蒎烯阳离子聚合反应研究

考察了在ＡｌＥｔＣｌ２／ｔ－ＢｕＣｌ引发体系作用下的α－蒎烯阳离子聚合行为．结果表明，ｔ－ＢｕＣｌ与ＡｌＥｔＣｌ２复合后，由于生成（ＣＨ３）Ｃ正离子而使引发活性增大．但ｔ－ＢｕＣｌ的引人对产物分子量及其分布影响不大，产物主要由二、三聚体组成．聚合过程的动力学研究表明，α－蒎烯在进行阳离子聚合时容易发生链终止反应而导致单体转化率和产物分子量较低．α－蒎烯在聚合反应的同时伴随着异构化反应，用制备ＧＰＣ分离出异构化产物，然后经１ＨＮＭＲ测定其结构．     

毛细管电泳技术快速检测p53基因点突变

目的：探讨利用毛细管电泳技术快速检测p53基因点突变的临床应用价值。方法：采用毛细管电泳作SSCP分析，检测20例结肠癌肿瘤标本p53基因第7外显子PCR扩增产物，并与传统的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果进行比较，最后用DNA序列测定判断其准确性。结果：20例结肠癌标本中，毛细管电泳技术检测出5例标本(Ca4，Ca6，Ca7，Ca8，Ca14)有突变，而凝胶电泳结合银染技术仅检出4例标本(Ca4，Ca6，Ca7，Cal4)有突变，测序证实经毛细管电泳所检出的5例标本均存在点突变。结论：对于PCR产物的单链构象多态性分析，毛细管电泳技术是一种更加快速、简便、敏感的方法，可应用于临床筛查基因点突变。     

非线性动态系统理论在林业系统中的应用——Ⅱ.用信息熵研究林业系统中生态和经济协调关系

用K.S熵(一种信息熵)判别林业系统中生态和经济的协调关系,并提出了控制和改进现有林业系统的有效途径。     

Effects of Ginsenosides on Vasodilator Nerve Actions in the Rat Perfused Mesentery are Mediated by Nitric Oxide

This study was designed to explore the effect of ginsenosides, saponins from Panax ginseng, on the vasodilator nerve actions in the rat perfused mesentery and the mechanism of this effect. In the rat perfused mesentery, when adrenergic nerves were blocked by guanethidine (5 × 10^?6 M) and vascular muscle tone was increased with methoxamine (5 × 10^?6-10^?5 M), transmural field stimulation produced a frequency-dependent vasodilator response, which is due to the release of calcitonin generelated peptide; ginsenosides significantly suppressed this vasodilator response in a concentration-dependent manner (3–30 μg mL^?1). After pretreatment with saponin (50 μg mL^?1, 3min) to damage endothelial cells, this suppressing effect of ginsenosides was unaltered. However, the effect was abolished by N^ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (10^?4 M), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis and addition of l -arginine (3 × 10^?4 M) restored this suppressing effect. Methylene blue (10^?5 M), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, also abolished the suppressing effect of ginsenosides. However, ginsenosides did not alter the relaxation responses caused by exogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide administration. We conclude that ginsenosides can produce an inhibitory effect on the vasodilator response prejunctionally in the rat perfused mesentery and that this effect of ginsenosides may be mediated by nitric oxide released from non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves.