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71.
In this observational study, we sought to assess the usefulness of pH values from residuals in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with small-bore feeding tubes. A review of the literature demonstrated that most critically ill patients were excluded in previous studies on gastric pH testing, suggesting that pH testing in critical care is not warranted. Our results demonstrated that 21% of intestinal testing and 64% of gastric testing yielded potential misinformation to the bedside nurse with regards to possible tube location. In conclusion, pH testing for small-bore tube placement and maintenance was not deemed meaningful in our critical care unit. 相似文献
72.
73.
Deborah Miller Dina Macdonald Ken Kolnacki Teresa Simek 《Nephrology nursing journal》2004,31(3):287-94; quiz 295-6
An important treatment goal for pediatric nephrology caregivers is the optimization of a child's capacity for normal growth and development. However, the physiologic and metabolic derangements associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly alter these processes, creating important challenges in the care of affected children. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines support early recognition and treatment of CKD-related complications to improve growth and development and, ultimately, quality of life for children with this chronic condition. 相似文献
74.
Dave H Lee Deborah Wenkert Michael P Whyte Michael T Trese Oscar A Cruz 《Journal of AAPOS》2003,7(1):75-77
Isteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome (OPPG) is a rare heritable entity that features severe osteoporosis and many variable ophthalmic findings leading to congenital or juvenile blindness. These include microphthalmos, cataracts, bilateral pseudogliomatous retinal detachments, and phthisis bulbi. OPPG is usually not suspected until fractures occur, frequently after seemingly minor trauma. We report the ophthalmic findings of an infant girl with OPPG. 相似文献
75.
One of the primary influences on the quality of child care classrooms is teacher behavior, and a critical component of teacher behavior is verbal communication. This study examined the quality of teacher verbalizations with young children in preschool classrooms. Nineteen of the teachers were enrolled in community college courses in early childhood education and child development between pre- and posttesting and fifteen were not. Results indicated that although there was significant improvement on a measure of global classroom quality for those teachers involved in college coursework, teacher verbalizations did not become more appropriate. These findings are discussed in light of current teacher education programs and policy issues. 相似文献
76.
Deborah W. Knapp Ralph C. Richardson Gerald D. Bottoms Robert Teclaw Thomas C. K. Chan 《Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology》1992,29(3):214-218
Summary Piroxicam, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, was given to 62 dogs bearing naturally occurring tumors in a phase I clinical trial. Dose escalation was performed, with oral doses ranging from 0.5 mg/kg every 48 h (q48h) to 1.5 mg/kg q48h being tested. Dose-limiting gastromestinal irritation/ulceration occurred in all four animals that received 1.5 mg/kg q48h. The maximum tolerated dose was 1 mg/kg q48h. Subclinical renal papillary necrosis occurred in two dogs (initial dosages, 1 and 1.5 mg/kg q48h, respectively). Following dose escalation, an additional group of dogs was treated with 0.3 mg/kg piroxicam q24h per os, the accepted canine dosage prior to this trial. Inclusion of this treatment group enabled evaluation of the toxicity of and tumor response to a daily dosage regimen. No complete remissions occurred in this trial. Partial remission was documented in three of ten dogs exhibiting transitional-cell carcinoma, in three of five animals bearing squamous-cell carcinoma, in one of three dogs displaying mammary adenocarcinoma, and in the one dog that exhibited a transmissible venereal tumor. The results of this study support the additional evaluation of piroxicam in a phase II clinical trial in dogs bearing naturally occurring tumors.This investigation was supported by Pfizer Inc. 相似文献
77.
Deborah M Antonino-Green Jianguo Cheng David S K Magnuson 《The Journal of comparative neurology》2002,442(3):226-238
Spinal cord/brainstem preparations from 5- to 8-day-old rats, maintained in vitro, were used to determine the cells of origin and regions of termination of fibers in the superficial ventrolateral funiculus (VLF) at a site from which rhythmic locomotor-like activity can be induced. Rhythmic locomotor-like activity was recorded from lumbar ventral roots after short trains of stimuli (50 Hz for 0.5-2 seconds) delivered to the VLF. Field potential mapping revealed that single VLF stimuli elicited responses in the ipsilateral ventrolateral medulla. Tract-tracing experiments by using biocytin, pressure-injected into the VLF, showed that only a small number of brainstem neurons were labeled and these were scattered bilaterally in the ventrolateral and lateral medulla. Dense concentrations of nerve terminals were found in the lateral reticular nucleus ipsilateral to the stimulation site. Labeled spinal cord neurons included a primary population of large cells distributed bilaterally in lamina VII from T13 to L4, with peak numbers in L2 ipsilaterally and in L3 contralaterally. Intracellular recordings revealed that some L2 and L3 neurons with rhythmic responses to VLF stimulation could be activated antidromically from the VLF, with latencies of less than 1.0 msec. These observations led us to speculate that the superficial VLF carries a locomotor-related tract originating bilaterally in lumbar lamina VII and terminating in the ipsilateral medulla, including the lateral reticular nucleus. This pathway may be part of the spinoreticular or spinoreticulotectal pathway that has been described in many species, the function of which has only loosely been ascribed. 相似文献
78.
Reliability of a Store Observation Tool in Measuring Availability of Alcohol and Selected Foods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Deborah A. Cohen Diane Schoeff Thomas A. Farley Ricky Bluthenthal Richard Scribner Adrian Overton 《Journal of urban health》2007,84(6):807-813
Alcohol and food items can compromise or contribute to health, depending on the quantity and frequency with which they are
consumed. How much people consume may be influenced by product availability and promotion in local retail stores. We developed
and tested an observational tool to objectively measure in-store availability and promotion of alcoholic beverages and selected
food items that have an impact on health. Trained observers visited 51 alcohol outlets in Los Angeles and southeastern Louisiana.
Using a standardized instrument, two independent observations were conducted documenting the type of outlet, the availability
and shelf space for alcoholic beverages and selected food items, the purchase price of standard brands, the placement of beer
and malt liquor, and the amount of in-store alcohol advertising. Reliability of the instrument was excellent for measures
of item availability, shelf space, and placement of malt liquor. Reliability was lower for alcohol advertising, beer placement,
and items that measured the “least price” of apples and oranges. The average kappa was 0.87 for categorical items and the
average intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.83 for continuous items. Overall, systematic observation of the availability
and promotion of alcoholic beverages and food items was feasible, acceptable, and reliable. Measurement tools such as the
one we evaluated should be useful in studies of the impact of availability of food and beverages on consumption and on health
outcomes. 相似文献
79.
Cheryl Tilse Jill Wilson Deborah Setterlund Linda Rosenman 《Australasian journal on ageing》2005,24(Z1):S51-S56
The management of the financial assets of older people is increasingly important in the current policy context. Competing interests from the state, the market and the family regarding the appropriate use of these assets suggest that non‐professional managers are assisting older people in a complex environment. This paper, based on a national prevalence study and an in‐depth study, explores the nature and extent of asset management on behalf of older people. It examines the role of legal provision for substitute decision‐making in these processes and concludes that the current provision is insufficient to protect older people from financial abuse and support carers to manage assets well. This paper proposes that more broadly based interventions are required in a complex environment of competing interests. Such interventions include attitudinal change, improved financial literacy, information and support for older people and informal asset managers and improved monitoring and support for substitute decision makers. 相似文献