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Virginia L Willour Peter P Zandi Judith A Badner Jo Steele Kuangyi Miao Victor Lopez Dean F MacKinnon Francis M Mondimore Barbara Schweizer Melvin G McInnis Erin B Miller J Raymond Depaulo Elliot S Gershon Francis J McMahon James B Potash 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2007,61(5):725-727
BACKGROUND: We are interested in identifying susceptibility genes that predispose subjects to attempted suicide. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of genome-wide linkage data from 162 bipolar pedigrees that incorporated attempted suicide as a clinical covariate. RESULTS: The strongest covariate-based linkage signal was seen on 2p12 at marker D2S1777. The logarithm of odds (LOD) score at marker D2S1777 rose from 1.56 to 3.82 after inclusion of the suicide covariate, resulting in significant chromosome-wide empirically derived p-values for the overall linkage finding (p = .01) and for the change in LOD score after the inclusion of the covariate (p = .02). CONCLUSIONS: The finding on chromosome 2 replicates results from two previous studies of attempted suicide in pedigrees with alcohol dependence and in pedigrees with recurrent early-onset depression. Combined, these three studies provide compelling evidence for a locus influencing attempted suicide on 2p12. 相似文献
54.
Björn-Christian Link Emre F. Yekebas Dean Bogoevski Asad Kutup Gerhard Adam Jakob R. Izbicki Gerrit Krupski 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2007,11(2):166-170
Symptomatic biliary leakage following major upper abdominal surgery is a severe complication resulting in increased morbidity
and mortality. Treatment options usually include either endoscopic intervention or surgical revision. These options may be
burdened by a high perioperative risk for the patient (e.g., patients with severe disease) or simply may not be possible (e.g.,
nonpreserved gastroduodenal passage). In the past, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage did only seem to be a viable
option for patients with dilated bile ducts. Here, we present our experience in a consecutive series of patients with symptomatic
biliary leakage following major upper abdominal surgery and without dilation of the biliary system that underwent percutaneous
transhepatic cholangiodrainage. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage was feasible in 15 of 18 patients (83.3%). The
procedure was technically not possible in three patients (16.7%). In 10 of the 15 patients (66.6%) with feasible percutaneous
transhepatic cholangiodrainage, biliary leakage was definitely controlled without the need for surgical revision. Depending
on the experience with the interventional procedure, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage should be considered as an
alternative for treatment of symptomatic biliary leakage instead of immediate reoperation.
Presented at the Digestive Disease Week 2005 (DDW), Chicago, IL, May 14–19, 2005 (poster presentation). 相似文献
55.
Summary: Mast cells (MCs) are major effector cells of immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated allergic inflammation. However, it has become increasingly clear that they also play important roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes. Recent advances have focused on the importance of MCs in both innate and adaptive immune responses and have fostered studies of MCs beyond the myopic focus on allergic reactions. MCs possess a variety of surface receptors and may be activated by inflammatory mediators, IgE, IgG, light chains, complement fragments, proteases, hormones, neuropeptides, and microbial products. Following activation, they produce a plethora of pro‐inflammatory mediators and participate in inflammatory reactions in many organs. This review focuses on the role of MCs in inflammatory reactions in mucosal surfaces with particular emphasis on their role in respiratory and gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions. 相似文献
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Motoaki Nakamura Dean F Salisbury Yoshio Hirayasu Sylvain Bouix Kilian M Pohl Takeshi Yoshida Min-Seong Koo Martha E Shenton Robert W McCarley 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2007,62(7):773-783
BACKGROUND: Overall neocortical gray matter (NCGM) volume has not been studied in first-episode schizophrenia (FESZ) at first hospitalization or longitudinally to evaluate progression, nor has it been compared with first-episode affective psychosis (FEAFF). METHODS: Expectation-maximization/atlas-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tissue segmentation into gray matter, white matter (WM), or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at first hospitalization of 29 FESZ and 34 FEAFF, plus 36 matched healthy control subjects (HC), and, longitudinally approximately 1.5 years later, of 17 FESZ, 21 FEAFF, and 26 HC was done. Manual editing separated NCGM and its lobar parcellation, cerebral WM (CWM), lateral ventricles (LV), and sulcal CSF (SCSF). RESULTS: At first hospitalization, FESZ and FEAFF showed smaller NCGM volumes and larger SCSF and LV than HC. Longitudinally, FESZ showed NCGM volume reduction (-1.7%), localized to frontal (-2.4%) and temporal (-2.6%) regions, and enlargement of SCSF (7.2%) and LV (10.4%). Poorer outcome was associated with these LV and NCGM changes. FEAFF showed longitudinal NCGM volume increases (3.6%) associated with lithium or valproate administration but without clinical correlations and regional localization. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal NCGM volume reduction and CSF component enlargement in FESZ are compatible with post-onset progression. Longitudinal NCGM volume increase in FEAFF may reflect neurotrophic effects of mood stabilizers. 相似文献
59.
Deepali Kumar Dean Erdman Shaf Keshavjee Teresa Peret Raymond Tellier Denis Hadjiliadis Grant Johnson Melissa Ayers Deborah Siegal Atul Humar 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(8):2031-2036
Community-acquired viral respiratory tract infections (RTI) in lung transplant recipients may have a high rate of progression to pneumonia and can be a trigger for immunologically mediated detrimental effects on lung function. A cohort of 100 patients was enrolled from 2001 to 2003 in which 50 patients had clinically diagnosed viral RTI and 50 were asymptomatic. All patients had nasopharyngeal and throat swabs taken for respiratory virus antigen detection, culture and RT-PCR. All patients had pulmonary function tests at regular intervals for 12 months. Rates of rejection, decline in forced expiratory volume (L) in 1 s (FEV-1) and bacterial and fungal superinfection were compared at the 3-month primary endpoint. In the 50 patients with RTI, a microbial etiology was identified in 33 of 50 (66%) and included rhinovirus (9), coronavirus (8), RSV (6), influenza A (5), parainfluenza (4) and human metapneumovirus (1). During the 3-month primary endpoint, 8 of 50 (16%) RTI patients had acute rejection versus 0 of 50 non-RTI patients (p=0.006). The number of patients experiencing a 20% or more decline in FEV-1 by 3 months was 9 of 50 (18%) RTI versus 0 of 50 non-RTI (0%) (p=0.003). In six of these nine patients, the decline in FEV-1 was sustained over a 1-year period consistent with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). Community-acquired respiratory viruses may be associated with the development of acute rejection and BOS. 相似文献
60.
Calcineurin Inhibitor Withdrawal from Sirolimus-Based Therapy in Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Atul V. Mulay Naser Hussain Dean Fergusson Greg A. Knoll 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(7):1748-1756
Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) withdrawal has been used as a strategy to improve renal allograft function, however, it also carries risk of acute rejection. We conducted a systematic review of randomized trials that involved CNI withdrawal from a sirolimus-based immunosuppressive regimen. The search strategy yielded six trials (n = 1047 patients) reported in eight publications. CNI withdrawal from sirolimus-based therapy, was associated with an increased risk of acute rejection (risk difference, 6%; 95% CI 2-10%, p = 0.002) but a higher creatinine clearance (mean difference, 7.49 mL/min; 95% CI 5.08-9.89 mL/min, p < 0.00001) at 1 year compared to continued CNI and sirolimus therapy. Graft loss (relative risk, 0.87; 95% CI 0.46-1.64, p = 0.66) and death (relative risk, 0.88; CI 0.40-1.96, p = 0.76) were similar in both groups at 1 year. Hypertension was significantly reduced in the CNI withdrawal group (relative risk, 0.56; 95% CI 0.40-0.78, p = 0.0006). CNI withdrawal from sirolimus-based therapy is associated with an increased risk of acute rejection in the short term with a significant improvement in renal function and a reduction in hypertension. Longer follow-up is needed to determine if these changes will result in a significant improvement in patient and graft survival. 相似文献