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排序方式: 共有350条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
291.
Ernesto X. Monroy-Vaca Yaxsier de Armas María T. Illnait-Zaragozí Gilda Tora?o Raúl Diaz Dania Vega Ileana Alvarez-Lam Enrique J. Calderón Christen R. Stensvold 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2014,52(1):45-51
This study describes the prevalence and genotype distribution of Pneumocystis jirovecii obtained from nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs from immunocompetent Cuban infants and toddlers with whooping cough (WC). A total of 163 NP swabs from 163 young Cuban children with WC who were admitted to the respiratory care units at two pediatric centers were studied. The prevalence of the organism was determined by a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay targeting the P. jirovecii mitochondrial large subunit (mtLSU) rRNA gene. Genotypes were identified by direct sequencing of mtLSU ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene amplicons. qPCR detected P. jirovecii DNA in 48/163 (29.4%) samples. mtLSU rDNA sequence analysis revealed the presence of three different genotypes in the population. Genotype 2 was most common (48%), followed in prevalence by genotypes 1 (23%) and 3 (19%); mixed-genotype infections were seen in 10% of the cases. RFLP analysis of DHPS PCR products revealed four genotypes, 18% of which were associated with resistance to sulfa drugs. Only contact with coughers (prevalence ratio [PR], 3.51 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.79 to 6.87]; P = 0.000) and exposure to tobacco smoke (PR, 1.82 [95% CI, 1.14 to 2.92]; P = 0.009) were statistically associated with being colonized by P. jirovecii. The prevalence of P. jirovecii in infants and toddlers with WC and the genotyping results provide evidence that this population represents a potential reservoir and transmission source of P. jirovecii. 相似文献
292.
293.
Sunil Vasu Kalmady Sri Mahavir Agarwal Venkataram Shivakumar Dania Jose Y. C. Janardhan Reddy 《Laterality》2013,18(5):625-640
The Geschwind-Behan-Galaburda (GBG) hypothesis links cerebral lateralisation with prenatal testosterone exposure. Digit ratio measures in adults have been established as potential markers of foetal sex hormonal milieu. The aim of the study was to evaluate the sex-dependent interaction of digit ratio measures and cerebral lateralization as well as their neurohemodynamic correlates using functional MRI (fMRI). Digit ratio measures—ratio of index finger (2D) length to ring finger (4D) length (2D:4D) and difference between 2D:4D of two hands, i.e., right minus left (DR–L)—were calculated using high resolution digital images in 70 right-handed participants (42 men) based on reliable and valid method. fMRI was acquired during the performance of a spatial working memory task in a subset of 25 individuals (14 men), and analysed using Statistical Parametric Mapping 8 (SPM8) and the Laterality Index toolbox for SPM8. Men had significantly less bilateral 2D:4D than women. There was a significant negative correlation between right 2D:4D and 2-Back task accuracy (2BACC) in women. A significant sex-by-right 2D:4D interaction was observed in left parahippocampal gyrus activation. Additionally, sex-by-DR–L interaction was observed in left IPL activation. DR–L showed a significant positive correlation with the whole brain Laterality Index (LI), and LI, in turn, demonstrated a significant negative correlation with 2BACC. Our study observations suggest several novel sex-differential relationships between 2D:4D measures and fMRI activation during spatial working memory task performance. Given the pre-existing background data supporting digit ratio measures as putative indicator of prenatal sex hormonal milieu, our study findings add support to the Geschwind-Behan-Galaburda (GBG) hypothesis. 相似文献
294.
Maria Saveria Gilardini Montani Andrea Prodosmo Venturina Stagni Dania Merli Laura Monteonofrio Veronica Gatti Maria Pia Gentileschi Daniela Barilà Silvia Soddu 《Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR》2013,32(1):95
Background
Mutations in the DNA damage response (DDR) factors, breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and BRCA2, sensitize tumor cells to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. The ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase is a key DDR protein whose heterozygous germline mutation is a moderate–risk factor for developing breast cancer. In this study, we examined whether ATM inactivation in breast cancer cell lines confers sensitivity to PARP inhibitors.Methods
Wild-type BRCA1/2 breast cancer cells (i.e., MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 lines) were genetically manipulated to downregulate ATM expression then assayed for cytostaticity/cytotoxicity upon treatment with PARP inhibitors, olaparib and iniparib.Results
When ATM-depleted cells and their relative controls were treated with olaparib (a competitive PARP-1/2 inhibitor) and iniparib (a molecule originally described as a covalent PARP-1 inhibitor) a different response to the two compounds was observed. ATM-depletion sensitized both MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cells to olaparib-treatment, as assessed by short and long survival assays and cell cycle profiles. In contrast, iniparib induced only a mild, ATM-dependent cytostatic effect in MCF-7 cells whereas ZR-75-1 cells were sensitive to this drug, independently of ATM inactivation. These latest results might be explained by recent observations indicating that iniparib acts with mechanisms other than PARP inhibition.Conclusions
These data indicate that ATM-depletion can sensitize breast cancer cells to PARP inhibition, suggesting a potential in the treatment of breast cancers low in ATM protein expression/activity, such as those arising in mutant ATM heterozygous carriers.295.
296.
J?rg Spiegel Christoph Krick Gerhard Fuss Dania Sood Georg Becker Ulrich Dillmann 《Movement disorders》2006,21(2):173-178
Primary orthostatic tremor (OT) occurs only during standing. We studied whether modification of the condition standing influences OT. In seven patients with OT, surface EMG was recorded from both tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles during two maneuvers: relief, whereby the patient was gradually lifted by a crane, and tilting, whereby the patient was tilted by a tilting table to positions of 90 degrees (upright standing), 45 degrees (diagonal position), and 0 degrees (lying position). We determined the parameters tremor frequency, tremor intensity, coherence, and phase shift between the different muscles. Relief did not influence OT. In contrast, tilting modified significantly tremor intensity and phase shifts; tremor frequencies and coherences were not influenced. We chose both these maneuvers because of their different impact on the standing condition: relief modifies the factors afferent input and muscle forcing but not the factor postural set, whereas tilting modifies all three factors. The fact that tilting modifies OT, whereas relief does not, suggests an important role of postural set in OT generation. Afferent input and muscle forcing seem to play less important role. 相似文献
297.
Nathan E. Frenk Dania Daye Kemal Tuncali Ronald S. Arellano Paul B. Shyn Stuart G. Silverman Florian J. Fintelmann Raul N. Uppot 《Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR》2018,29(2):276-284
Purpose
To evaluate local control and survival after image-guided ablation of adrenal gland metastases.Materials and Methods
Image-guided ablations of adrenal metastases measuring < 5 cm performed at 2 academic medical centers between July 2002 and June 2016 were analyzed. There were 51 procedures performed on 46 tumors (mean diameter 2.8 cm ± 1.1; range, 0.7–4.9 cm) in 38 patients (mean age 66 y; range, 41–80 y) with renal cell carcinoma (n = 17 patients; 45%), non–small cell lung cancer (n = 10 patients; 26%), and other primary malignancies (n = 11 patients; 29%). Treatment modalities included cryoablation (n = 30 procedures; 59%), radiofrequency ablation (n = 12 procedures; 24%) and microwave ablation (n = 9 procedures; 18%). Technical success, primary and secondary efficacy, local progression rate, local progression-free survival, and overall survival were assessed. Mean follow-up was 37 months (range, 2–128 months). Statistical analysis was performed with univariate Cox hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses.Results
Technical success, primary efficacy, and secondary efficacy were 96%, 72%, and 76%. Local progression rate during all follow-up was 25%. Local tumor progression-free survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 82%, 69%, and 55%. Overall survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 82%, 44%, and 34%. In 16 patients with isolated adrenal metastasis, median disease-free survival was 8 months; 4 patients had no evidence of disease during follow-up. Lung cancer was associated with decreased survival (hazard ratio 4.41, P = .002).Conclusions
Image-guided ablation can achieve local control for adrenal metastases < 5 cm. 相似文献298.
299.
The distribution of HLA class II alleles and genotypes in Israelis of different ethnic origin with adult-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) was examined. The results were compared with published findings in healthy Israelis and childhood-onset T1D Israelis. An additional comparison was made between subgroups of patients with rapidly and slowly progressive adult-onset T1D (LADA). A DNA-based low-resolution analysis was performed for DRB1* and DQB1* alleles and a high-resolution analysis for DRB1*04 and DQB1*1 alleles. In all, 87% of the study group was positive for DRB1*03 or DRB1*04 compared with 36% of the healthy controls. The main alleles accounting for susceptibility to T1D were DRB1*0402, found in 77.9% of carriers of DRB1*04 and DQB1*0302, found in 74.6% of carriers of DQB1*03. The DQB1*0602 was not detected in any patient. The distribution was similar to that reported in Israeli children with T1D and significantly different from healthy Israelis. There was no significant difference in the distribution of HLA class II alleles between patients with rapidly progressive T1D or LADA. It may be concluded that the different ages of onset of T1D and its different forms of development in Israeli patients are apparently not caused by a different prevalence of HLA class II alleles. 相似文献
300.
Khadija Alassas Dania Mohty Marie Annick Clavel Aysha Husain Talal Hijji Mansour Aljoufan Zohair Alhalees Bahaa M. Fadel 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2018,155(4):1434-1444