The effects of chymase on matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation in neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury in dogs.

Chymase is known to generate angiotensin II in the vascular wall. In this study we investigated a novel role for chymase other than angiotensin II production in vascular proliferation after balloon injury. Chymase promoted the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells in the matrix-coated invasion chambers and activated promatrix metalloproteinase-2 obtained from the culture medium of vascular smooth muscle cells. Two weeks after balloon injury, significant neointimal formation was found in dog carotid arteries. After injury, active matrix metalloproteinase-2 was increased in parallel with the augmentation of chymase activity that was seen in the proliferating region of the vascular wall. The oral administration of NK3201 (1 mg/kg per day), a chymase inhibitor, prevented neointimal formation and significantly suppressed both active matrix metalloproteinase-2 and chymase activities 2 weeks after injury. These results suggest that chymase inhibitors can prevent the development of intimal hyperplasia via the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation in balloon-injured arteries.     

肾癌的超声声像图与组织病理结构的相关性分析

目的:探讨不同病理组织结构肾癌的超声声像图表现,以提高超声对声像图表现不典型肾癌的超声诊断准确率。材料和方法:回顾性分析120例患者的123例肾癌和13例患者肾错构瘤的超声声像图特征,以无回声、低回声、高回声和强回声进行分类,并结合术后组织病理结果相对照。结果:123例肾癌中肾透明细胞癌117例,肾乳头状细胞癌2例,移形细胞癌2例,肾母细胞癌1例,非霍奇金淋巴瘤1例。121例肾恶性肿瘤声像图表现:无回声3例,低回声77例,高、强回声41例。13例肾错钩瘤均为高、强回声。结论:肾癌的声像图以低回声为主,部分可伴囊变,钙化,部分肾癌会出现高,强回声,是引起超声诊断错误的原因之一。     

Effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the Twin-block appliance: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Part 1: Dental and skeletal effects.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the Twin-block appliance for the developing Class II Division 1 malocclusion. This multicenter trial was carried out in the United Kingdom. A total of 174 children, aged 8 to 10 years old, with Class II Division 1 malocclusion were randomly allocated to receive treatment with a Twin-block appliance or to an untreated, control group. Data were collected at the start of the study and 15 months later. Results showed that early treatment with Twin-block appliances resulted in reduction of overjet, correction of molar relationships, and reduction in severity of malocclusion. Most of this correction was due to dentoalveolar change, but some was due to favorable skeletal change. Early treatment with the Twin-block appliance is effective in reducing overjet and severity of malocclusion. The small change in the skeletal relationship might not be considered clinically significant.     

A CASE OF EARLY GASTRIC CANCER ACCOMPANIED BY DIEULAFOY ULCER IN A YOUNG WOMAN

A case of early gastric carcinoma accompanied by Dieulafoy ulcer is presented. The patient, a 26‐year‐old female, visited our emergency room with chief complaints of massive hematemesis and tarry stool. The initial endoscopic examination revealed a superficial depressed lesion with a faded color accompanied by a tiny ulcer with converging folds at the anterior wall of the middle gastric body. Although no active bleeding vessel was found at that time, the patient was admitted to our hospital for further check‐ups and treatment. On the 6th hospital day, she developed massive hematemesis resulting in shock. Urgent endoscopy, this time, disclosed an exposed bleeding vessel at the small ulcer floor previously mentioned, and endoscopic hemostasis was achieved. Since, however, a biopsy at initial examination from the surrounding depressed area proved carcinoma, a partial distal gastrectomy was subsequently carried out. Histological examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of carcinoma limited to the mucosa and submucosa along with findings consistent with Dieulafoy ulcer. This is a rare case of combination of early cancer and Dieulafoy ulcer particularly in such a young patient. A review of the literature is also presented.     

Relation of inflammatory cytokines to atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

OBJECTIVE: It has been observed that a systemic inflammatory response after on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) participates in the pathogenesis of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF). In patients undergoing off-pump CABG, it is plausible that inflammation is associated with the development of postoperative AF. The present study examined relation of proinflammatory cytokines, which play an important role in the upstream of inflammatory cascade, to the development of AF after off-pump CABG. METHODS: The present study included 39 patients undergoing off-pump CABG. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, on anesthetic induction, after sternotomy before anastomoses, at the completion of anastomoses, 3 and 6h thereafter, and on postoperative days (POD) 1-4. C-reactive protein (CRP) was also measured by turbidimetric immunoassay, preoperatively, and on POD 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 13. RESULTS: Eleven patients (28%) developed postoperative AF. Patients with postoperative AF were older (70+/-6.4 years vs 60+/-8.8 years, P=0.001); however, there was no difference in other pre- and perioperative variables. TNF-alpha level did not change during the study period. However, IL-8 and CRP levels significantly increased after the surgery, although there was no significant difference between the two groups. IL-6 level also increased after the surgery with its peak at 6h after the completion of anastomoses. IL-6 levels of 3 and 6h after anastomoses were significantly higher in patients with postoperative AF (360+/-143 pg/ml vs 230+/-94 pg/ml, P=0.0047, 435+/-175 pg/ml vs 247+/-102 pg/ml, P=0.0005, respectively). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the highest quartile of IL-6 level immediately after the surgery (odds ratio 7.63; 95% CI, 1.06-54.9; P=0.04) and age (odds ratio 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01-1.39; P=0.04) independently predict postoperative AF. Furthermore, the maximum level of IL-6 immediately after the surgery significantly correlated to age and intraoperative blood loss (r=0.04, P=0.01, and r=0.47, P=0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Advanced age was a major risk factor for postoperative AF. Furthermore, inflammatory response induced by surgical trauma was also associated with the development of AF after off-pump CABG.     

BGM细胞,Hela细胞,HEL细胞与A549细胞对HSV—1敏感性的比较

用单纯疱疹病毒－１型（ＨＳＶ－１）感染ＢＧＭ细胞、Ｈｅｌａ细胞、ＨＥＬ细胞及Ａ５４９细胞，利用空斑试验，比较四种细胞对ＨＳＶ－１的敏感性。结果示，ＨＳＶ－１在ＢＧＭ细胞培养中空斑形成单位（ＰＦＵ）数最多，出现细胞病变的时间早。提示ＢＧＭ细胞可为ＨＳＶ－１的分离培养提供一种新的、敏感细胞。     

25例IUD及输卵管结扎与异位妊娠的临床分析

本文对我院收治的异位妊娠84例,其中带环异位妊娠20例,输卵管结扎术后合并异位妊娠5例,以及带环异位妊娠的发生率及其原因、误诊等进行了分析讨论。     

Contribution of passive transport mechanisms to the intestinal absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics

The transport characteristics of aminopenicillins (ampicillin and amoxicillin), aminocephalosporins (cephalexin, cephradine and cefadroxil) and cefazolin have been compared with those of an actively transported substance (D-glucose) and a passively transported substance (L-glucose). Although the initial uptake of the aminocephalosporins was stimulated in the presence of an inward H+ gradient, there was no overshoot in the uptake of any of the drugs tested, even in the presence of an H+ gradient. Also, the time course and the degree of uptake of these drugs were similar to those of L-glucose, especially in the absence of an H+ gradient. These results suggest that the beta-lactam antibiotics tested, like L-glucose, pass through the rat intestinal brush border membrane mainly by passive diffusion. However, the differences in absorption between these drugs, like the differences in their disappearance from a proximal loop of rat intestine, cannot be explained by a simple permeation process alone.     

心脑健胶囊的高效液相色谱法测定

目的：建立测定心脑健胶囊的高效液相色谱法。方法：以Ｎｏｖａ－ｐａｃｋ Ｃ１８为分析柱，甲醇－０．０４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸－乙腈为流动相，检测波长：２５４ｎｍ，峰面积外标法。结果：回收率与线性范围分别为；ＥＧＣＧ；ＥＣＧ；ＧＣＧ；ＥＧＣ。结论；本法简便，适合心脑健胶囊的含量测定。