肝郁痰凝型乳腺癌的钼靶X线表现及病理分析

目的：研究肝郁痰凝型乳腺癌的钼靶X线影像特点，探讨其病理基础。方法：观察41例中医证型为肝郁痰凝型、术后病理检查结果为乳腺癌患者的钼靶X线影像表现，对其病理学基础进行分析。结果：41例肝郁痰凝型乳腺癌中，乳腺类型以致密型及混合型居多（占78％）。异常血管征及透环征出现频率较高（占80％以上）。腋淋巴结转移出现频率偏低（占12％）。结论：（1）肝郁痰凝型乳腺癌患者，乳腺密度多偏高，可能与较多发生在绝经期前有关。（2）肿瘤周围透亮环征象及异常血管征象出现频率较高，表明此型患者肿块周围脂肪代谢异常较为普遍及血管生长刺激因子分泌较多。（3）腋窝淋巴结转移者所占比例较小，可能是由于此类患者多属于癌变早、中期，相对气血不足或脾肾虚弱等正虚表现不明显。     

中心静脉导管胸腔留置治疗胸腔积液

目的评价中心静脉导管留置治疗胸腔积液的疗效。方法257例胸腔积液患者分为两组，治疗组207例，应用胸腔留置中心静脉导管治疗；对照组50例，常规胸穿抽液治疗，观察并比较不同治疗方法的疗效、并发症等指标。结果两组对比多项指标差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论采用中心静脉导管治疗胸腔积液可减少胸穿次数、降低反应，提高治愈率。     

Excision of a recurrent mediastinal cyst through mid sternotomy with high thoracic epidural anesthesia as the sole anesthetic—A case report

Conclusion Our case report highlights the possibility of tackling mediastinal, pericardial and pleural problems with regional anesthesia alone even if the surgery requires opening of the pleura.     

公共产品价格机制及价格约束分析

公共产品涉及千家万户的切身利益，近10多年来，部分公共产品价格变化又多以超过国民经济发展速度提高，怎样正确认识和判断其价格的合理性，具有十分重要的现实意义。本文分析了我国公共产品的价格类型，定价机制，阐明了我国公共产品的价格约束制度构建的主要内容，希望为政府及相关部门工作提供有益的帮助。     

美国医疗器械上市前监管概述与启示

美国食品和药物管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)经过多年发展和改革,已形成了成熟的上市前监管体系。本文通过对FDA上市批准路径(上市前批准、上市前通告、人道主义用器械豁免)和申报流程进行系统介绍,总结了加强事前沟通、降低产品风险等级和设立实质审查程序三个方面的启示,希望我国监管机构能充分吸收美国FDA对于医疗器械监管的经验和教训,建立适合中国国情的医疗器械监管体系,确保公众用器械安全。     

An Analytic Model of Subminiature Auditory Sensation System for Sound Source Localization

It is reported that some types of insects have a remarkable ability to detect the direction of an incident sound even though its acoustic sensory organs are in very close proximity each other. Maybe the ears are jointed by a cuticular structure with which the separated motions can be coupled mechanically and thus be magnified. In this paper, a detailed model is setup to describe the principle of this type of localization using a mechanical coupled structure. The transfer functions and the responses of the model in terms of time and frequency are analyzed to describe the mechanism of its ability of directional hearing. This analytical model provides a method to design the experimental model for the predetermined incident sound pressure, and the analysis of this model shows that this structure have the ability to determine the direction of the incident stimulus.     

Nonhuman primates express human leukemia-associated antigens

Serologic studies using four murine monoclonal antibodies specific for the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) and five monoclonal antibodies specific for the gp24 surface antigen indicate that these leukemia-associated antigens are present on cells of comparable tissues in man and in four nonhuman primates. As in man, adherent cell populations obtained from skin, lung, and bone marrow of Macaca fascicularis, M mulatta, M nemestrina, and Papio cynocephalus react with these antibodies. Similarly, granulocytes from both man and these nonhuman primates bind CALLA- and gp24-specific antibodies. Radioimmune precipitation experiments confirm the identity of these antigens. Our studies suggest that nonhuman primates can be used to screen serologic reagents to leukemia-associated antigens for potential toxic effects on normal tissues prior to their use in man. Similarly, nonhuman primates could be employed to assess the possible role of antigen-positive stromal cells in the reconstitution of bone marrow following transplantation.     

骨质疏松症中医体质与辨证分型的相关性研究——附300例临床分析

目的 探讨骨质疏松症中医体质与辨证分型之间的相关性。方法 按照中西医诊断标准,将确诊的骨质疏松症患者进行中医体质分类与中医辨证分型的临床研究,找出其相关性与规律性,并进行总结。 结果 对300例患者进行中医辨证分型发现脾胃气虚证最多,占总病例数的23.00%,其次为肝肾不足证,占22.00%,以后依次为肾阳虚证、肾阴虚证、气血不足证、血瘀证、骨痿证、肝气郁结证、痰湿证、湿热证;在9种体质分类中阴虚质发病率排在第一位,其次为气虚质,以后依次为阳虚质、血瘀质、特禀质、平和质、痰湿质、湿热质与气郁质。结论 提示9种中医体质中阴虚质与气虚质发病率较高, 辨证分型中发病率较高的2个证型是脾胃气虚型与肝肾阴虚型。说明了体质类型与OP发病率有密切的相关性。