Host MyD88 signaling protects against acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation

Recent experimental strategies to reduce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) have focused largely on modifying innate immunity. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-driven myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)-dependent signalling pathways that initiate adaptive immune function are also critical for the pathogenesis of GVHD. This study aimed to delineate the role of host MyD88 in the development of acute GVHD following fully major histocompatibility complex-mismatched allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). When myeloablated BALB/c MyD88 knock-out recipients were transplanted with C57BL/6 (B6) donor cells, they developed significantly more severe GVHD than wild-type (WT) BALB/c hosts. The increased morbidity and mortality in MyD88^–/– mice correlated with increased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide and elevated inflammatory cytokines in GVHD target organs. Additionally, MyD88 deficiency in BMT recipients led to increased donor T cell expansion and more donor CD11c⁺ cell intestinal infiltration with apoptotic cells but reduced proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells compared with that in WT BMT recipients. Decreased expression of tight junction mRNA in epithelial cells of MyD88^–/– mice suggested that MyD88 contributes to intestinal integrity. Cox-2 expression in the GVHD-targeted organs of WT mice is increased upon GVHD induction, but this enhanced expression was obviously inhibited by MyD88 deficiency. The present findings demonstrate an unexpected role for host MyD88 in preventing GVHD after allogeneic BMT.     

基于子宫内膜异位症与恶性肿瘤的相关性探析补肾化瘀法作用机制及中医理论依据

子宫内膜异位症其异位内膜组织虽然在形态学上呈良性表现，却具有类似恶性肿瘤的生物学特性。中医学一般认为，“正虚伏邪”为恶性肿瘤的病机特点；那么，肾虚血瘀既属于“正虚伏邪”的范畴，又体现了EMs发病学和疾病发生、发展过程中的主要特点。在“病证相应”的中医治则之下，补肾化瘀法的临床疗效主要表现为：缓解痛经症状、提高受孕率，以及调整月经周期。本文基于EMs与恶性肿瘤的相关性，通过分析补肾化瘀法治疗EMs的理论依据及其抑制异位内膜侵袭的调控机制，主要包括解除免疫抑制、阻断局部微血管新生等，旨在阐明其疗效显著的原因，为临床推广提供可靠的基础研究证据。     

Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in acute respiratory infections.

Levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM)-1 are elevated in severe sepsis. However, it is not known whether sTREM-1 measurements can distinguish milder bacterial infections from noninfectious inflammation. The present authors studied whether serum sTREM-1 levels differ in community-acquired pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and controls, and whether sTREM-1 may be used as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics. Serum sTREM-1 levels in 150 patients with pneumonia, COPD and asthma exacerbations and 62 healthy controls were measured. Serum sTREM-1 levels were significantly elevated in pneumonia (median 295.2 ng x mL(-1)), COPD (280.3 ng x mL(-1)) and asthma exacerbations (184.0 ng x mL(-1)) compared with controls (83.1 ng x mL(-1)). Levels were higher in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations than in type 2 and 3 COPD and asthma exacerbations. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for sTREM-1 as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics was 0.77. Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 were elevated predominantly in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations versus type 2 and 3 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, asthma and controls. Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 has moderate but insufficient accuracy as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics in lower respiratory tract infections.     

调节式鼻腔冲洗器的研制及应用

鼻内镜手术后一般痊愈时间在8周～12周，在此期间必须有良好的综合处理，包括定期复查清痂、鼻腔清洗、口服药物辅助治疗等。定时有效的鼻腔冲洗在病人鼻部术后恢复治疗过程中起到了至关重要的作州。我科自2004年开始应用自制调竹式鼻腔冲洗器以来，对病人的康复治疗收到了良好的效果。现介绍如下。     

Body weight and comorbidity predict mortality in COPD patients treated with oxygen therapy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between clinical variables and all-cause and respiratory mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). The authors retrospectively studied a historic cohort of 128 patients with COPD (126 males, mean age+/-SD 68.9+/-9.7 yrs, body mass index (BMI) 25.1+/-4.5 kg.m-2, and forced expiratory volume in one second 25.4+/-8.8% predicted), who were being treated with long-term oxygen therapy in a tertiary teaching hospital between 1992 and 1999. Comorbidity, assessed with the Charlson Index, was present in 38% of the patients. Vital status and cause of death were assessed through the population death registry. A total of 78 patients (61%) had died by the end of follow-up. Three-year survival was 55%. Death was due to respiratory causes in 77% of cases. On Cox analysis, BMI<25 kg.m-2, comorbid conditions, age>or=70 yrs and cor pulmonale were associated with all-cause mortality. The BMI and comorbidity were the only significant predictive factors when the analysis was restricted to respiratory mortality. In conclusion, body mass index<25 kg.m-2 and comorbidity were predictors of all-cause and respiratory mortality in a cohort of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients treated with long-term oxygen therapy. These factors should be taken into account when considering the management and prognosis of these patients.     

调理肝脾补肾法治疗老年人高脂血症220例

我们以调理肝脾补肾为法分型论治高脂血症220例,疗效满意,报道如下.     

2004年和2005年鲁东大学女教职工妇科查体结果分析

目的通过2004年和2005年本校女教职工妇科查体结果的分析，发现女教职工中未被识别的疾病与致病因子，从而达到防病、治病的目的。通过两年查体结果的分析比较，进一步说明高校女教职工定期进行妇科查体的必要性。方法收集、整理2004年和2005年两年的妇科查体结果，并对不同年龄组的患病率进行分析、比较，查找原因。结果两年的查体结果表明，2005年各年龄段妇科疾病的发病率明显较2004年低，经卡方比较，差异有显著性。结论对女教职工实施定期的妇科查体，对及旱发现妇科疾病、及时进行适当的治疗、保障女教职工的身体健康起了重要作用。     

土壤环境基因组技术及其在新药发现中的应用

土壤是微生物最重要的生境，土壤微生物具有极大的多样性。然而传统培养技术只能得到约1％的微生物纯培养，其余都是未被纯培养微生物。利用土壤环境基因组技术，可以把未被纯培养微生物的基因克隆到载体中并在宿主中进行表达，获得比已培养微生物丰富的代谢产物多样性，这为我们发现新颖结构先导化合物以及新药开辟了新的道路。本文介绍应用环境基因组技术构建土壤DNA文库的思路和方法。