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21.
Mary S. Davey J. M. Zerin Clarence Reilly Walter T. Ambrosius 《Pediatric radiology》1997,27(12):908-911
Objective. To determine if mild renal pelvic dilatation at renal ultrasound (RUS) is a reliable sign of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
at voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) in children. Materials and methods. All patients less than 10 years of age who had RUS and VCUG on the same day during a 2-year period were identified in a computerized
database. The appearance of the collecting system of each kidney was classified into two groups: group 0 – no dilatation (≤
2-mm anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis) and group 1 – 3 to 10-mm AP diameter of the renal pelvis without caliectasis.
VUR at VCUG was graded using the International Reflux Study Committee system. Results. Four hundred fifty-five patients (76 boys; 379 girls) with 910 kidneys were included. VUR occurred in 268 kidneys in 174
patients. There were 820 group 0 kidneys and 90 group 1 kidneys. Kidneys classified as group 1 (25.0 % had reflux) were no
more likely to have reflux than were kidneys with nondistended (group 0) collecting systems (31.2 % had reflux). There was
no statistical difference in the rate of reflux in patients with group 1 renal pelvic distention (39.2 % refluxed) and a normal
collecting system (33.3 % refluxed) (P = 0.365). Conclusion. The frequency of vesicoureteral reflux in children with mild renal pelvic distention is not significantly different than
in children with no distention. Therefore, mild dilatation of the renal pelvis should not be considered an indication for
voiding cystourethrography.
Received: 14 April 1997 Accepted: 24 July 1997 相似文献
22.
Ziwei Yu Paul M Weinberger Bruce G Haffty Clarence Sasaki Cynthia Zerillo John Joe Diane Kowalski James Dziura Robert L Camp David L Rimm Amanda Psyrri 《Clinical cancer research》2005,11(3):1160-1166
BACKGROUND: The current tumor-node-metastasis system is inadequate to accurately classify patients in terms of prognosis. Thus, with the availability of recently developed molecular tools, considerable interest lies in discovering prognostic markers in order to guide treatment decisions. In this study, we sought to determine the prognostic significance of the cell cycle regulator cyclin D1 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We studied the protein expression levels of cyclin D1 on a tissue microarray composed of 63 OSCCs with long-term follow-up data available. Protein expression was analyzed with an automated in situ quantitative (AQUA) method which allows preservation of tissue morphology while quantifying protein expression in paraffin-embedded tissue. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 35 months. High cyclin D1 nuclear expression was associated with increased 5-year local recurrence rate (48% versus 15%), inferior 5-year disease-free survival (16% versus 58%), and inferior 5-year overall survival (17% versus 53%). In multivariate Cox regression, high nuclear cyclin D1 expression was an independent predictor for local recurrence, disease-free survival, and overall survival at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that quantitative assessment of nuclear cyclin D1 expression level by automated in situ quantitative analysis is a strong predictor for outcome in OSCC. Thus, cyclin D1 may be a potential target for molecular intervention in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer. 相似文献
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Establishment of the maternal-fetal interface is characterized by the influx of maternal NK cells, macrophages, and T cells into the decidua. Although a great deal has been learned about the function of NK cells in the decidua, comparatively little is known of decidual T cell function. NKT cells are an unusual T cell subset capable of producing both Th1-like and Th2-like cytokines. Unlike conventional αβ T cells that recognize peptides in the context of MHC molecules, NKT cells recognize glycolipids presented by the MHC class I-like molecule, CD1d. Recent reports have demonstrated that NKT cells and CD1d are present at the maternal-fetal interface. Moreover, activation of NKT cells can have dramatic effects on pregnancy. In this article, we will review basic aspects of NKT cell biology and summarize the recent literature on NKT cells at the maternal-fetal interface. 相似文献
30.
Arunabha Ganguly Myron H. Weinberger John M. Passmore John A. Caras Rashid M. Khairi Clarence E. Grim James Edmonson C.Conrad Johnston 《Metabolism: clinical and experimental》1982,31(6):595-600
To evaluate the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the hypertension associated with primary hyperparathyroidism, we measured plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration before and after maneuvers to suppress and stimulate this system in 11 hypertensive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. We also measured plasma or urinary norepinephrine concentration to examine the role of catecholamines in the hypertension. The results were compared with an age- and race-matched control population. While the mean plasma aldosterone concentrations were normal, the mean plasma renin activity in response to furosemide stimulation was subnormal in subjects with hyperparathyroidism. Plasma or urinary norepinephrine concentrations were within the normal range. Thus a specific abnormality of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system or catecholamines could not be identified in these hypertensives with primary hyperparathyroidism. 相似文献