The Feasibility of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Variant Airway Problems

Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used to treat respiratory distress during cardiac or respiratory arrest; moreover, its use is being extended to a wide variety of clinical fields. In this study we assess the utility of ECMO in the management of airway obstruction.Patients and Methods: 15 patients underwent ECMO for airway obstruction. We retrospectively analyzed and evaluated the feasibility of ECMO in the treatment of airway problems.Results: Seven patients received ECMO to facilitate respiration and promote stability during trachea surgery. In six cases ECMO ceased immediately following the operation; in the remaining case ECMO cessation was delayed due to post-operative ARDS. In three cases emergency ECMO was used in response to respiratory arrest; two patients died. In five cases ECMO was emergently inserted to prevent death, following airway blockade by massive hemoptysis. One patient was not discharged from the intensive care unit. Another patient was transferred to a general ward but died from other causes.Conclusion: ECMO is useful during anesthesia in patients at high risk of airway blockade, for example due to endobronchial bleeding, and during complex thoracic surgery. ECMO confers a safer environment during airway surgery, and its complication rate is acceptable.     

分化抑制蛋白-1在套细胞淋巴瘤中的表达及预后关系

目的 探讨分化抑制蛋白-1(Inhibitor of differentiation-1,Id1)在套细胞淋巴瘤患者中的表达情况及其临床意义.方法 采用SP免疫组化法检测并分析45例套细胞淋巴瘤和20例淋巴结反应性增生淋巴结组织中Id1表达水平,以及Id1的表达与其临床预后指标的关系.结果 Id1在套细胞淋巴瘤和淋巴结反应性增生淋巴结组织中阴性、弱阳性和强阳性的表达率分别是15.56％,31.11％,53.33％和65.00％,25.00％,10.00％(P＜0.05).套细胞淋巴瘤组织中Id1阳性表达与患者LDH、临床分期、结外累及部位和近期疗效有关(P均＜0.05);年龄、性别、WBC计数、PLT计数、HB含量无相关(P均＞0.05).经过Log-rank检验显示,Id1低表达组和Id1高表达组的1年生存率分别是90.48％和79.17％ (P ＞0.05);3年生存率分别是66.67％和33.33％(P＜0.05);5年生存率分别是47.62％和16.67％ (P ＜0.05),Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示Id1高表达组3年、5年生存率低于Id1低表达组(P＜0.05).结论 Id1在套细胞淋巴瘤淋巴结中呈高表达,并与部分预后相关指标有关,Id1高表达组表现出低生存率,Id1可能成为套细胞淋巴瘤预后不良的评价指标.     

Struma ovarii: management and follow-up of a rare ovarian tumour

INTRODUCTION

Struma ovarii represents about 1.0% of all ovarian tumours. While management involves surgery, there is a paucity of data regarding the extent and approach of surgery, and postoperative management. This study aimed to delineate the management of struma ovarii, its associated complications, and postoperative follow-up and investigations.

METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed cases of benign struma ovarii treated at KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, between January 2000 and May 2011.

RESULTS

A total of 68 patients underwent surgical removal of ovarian cyst or mass (24 cystectomy, 20 salpingo-oopherectomy and 24 total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy). Of the 68 surgeries, 39 (57.4%) included intraoperative frozen section sampling or procedures for staging of ovarian malignancy. The majority (73.5%) of surgeries were laparotomies. Histology revealed benign struma ovarii in all (98.5%) but one patient. Only 7 (10.3%) patients had postoperative complications – 3 wound-related, 2 thyroid-related, 1 incisional hernia and 1 nonspecific. The mean length of hospital stay was 4.2 days. During follow-up, 45 (66.2%) patients required no additional investigations. The most common investigation done was ultrasonography (n = 18, 26.5%). While no recurrences were diagnosed histologically, two patients were subsequently found to have complex/dermoid ovarian cysts on the ipsilateral side of the previous struma ovarii on ultrasonography.

CONCLUSION

Simple surgery is recommended for patients with struma ovarii, especially if they have fertility potential. Laparoscopic surgery is the recommended approach due to its shorter recovery time and lower morbidity. Most patients do not require extended periods of follow-up or postoperative investigations.     

Unsuspected colorectal carcinoma on routine abdominopelvic computed tomography

Colorectal carcinoma is a common lethal disease with signs and symptoms that may be nonspecific. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis with or without contrast is frequently performed for various general abdominal complaints, but unlike CT colonography, the large bowel may not be optimally prepared for evaluation. As such, careful and diligent assessment of the non-prepared colon in all CT images of the abdomen and pelvis is important, as it ensures that incidental colorectal malignancy is not missed, especially in older patients. This article gives an overview of multidetector CT imaging signs and subtle clues to aid in the diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma, as well as their pitfalls.     

2106例成人住院患者疼痛负担横断面调查及其临床意义

目的 调查重庆市某三甲医院成人住院患者疼痛负担,疼痛相关就医行为,以期改进疼痛诊疗措施,提高患者满意度。方法 采用短期（72 h）横断面调查方法,于2013年7月22日至24日对重庆某三甲医院成人住院患者进行问卷调查。结果 问卷有效回收率为84%（2 106/2 515）。成人住院患者疼痛患病率为46.96%（989/2 106）。疼痛持续时间小于1个月的手术患者占68.24%（651/954）。手术患者术前静息中重度疼痛发生率为34.81%（332/954）,术后为28.83%（275/954）。79.91%（1683/2 106）患者认为疼痛与自身疾病相关。81.10%（764/942）患者认为医师提供的止痛治疗有效。年龄和学历水平等均是患者疼痛负担的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 成人住院患者的疼痛负担较为普遍,外科疼痛发生率较高,急性疼痛分布居多,以轻度疼痛为主,患者对疼痛认知程度和镇痛满意度较高,但仍有部分疼痛未得到有效治疗。医务人员应接受规范化镇痛诊疗培训,采取个体化多模式镇痛诊疗措施,降低疼痛患病率,进一步提高患者满意度。     

High Physical Activity is Associated with an Improved Lipid Profile and Resting Heart Rate among Healthy Middle-aged Chinese People

Objective To investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) on dyslipidemia and elevated resting heart rate (RHR) in a large-scale cross-sectional study in China. Methods We recruited community-based individuals who were 40-60 years old using a cluster sampling method. The PA levels of the participants were classified as low, moderate, or high, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Dyslipidemia was defined as the detection of abnormalities in lipid indicators, and 4 lipid parameters were evaluated using fasting blood samples. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of PA with dyslipidemia and RHR. Results A total of 10,321 participants (38.88% men) were included in this study. The percentages of individuals with high, moderate, and low PA levels were 46.5%, 43.9%, and 9.6%, respectively. In both men and women, high PA provided odds ratios of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 0.94] for dyslipidemia and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.92) for elevated RHR, compared to participants with low PA. Conclusion Our data suggested that substantial health benefits (related to dyslipidemia and elevated RHR) occurred at higher intensity PA, with greater energy consumption, in middle-aged Chinese people, and particularly in men.     

抑制GM130表达对胃癌细胞增殖、侵袭及迁移能力的影响

目的 分析GM130在不同分化人胃癌细胞系的差异表达,利用小干扰RNA技术来沉默GM130基因,研究其对胃癌细胞生物学行为的影响.方法 体外培养3株不同分化程度胃癌细胞系(高分化MKN-28、中分化SGC-7901、低分化MKN-45),Western blot和RT-PCR筛选出高表达的GM130细胞株MKN-45、SGC-7901,设计并化学合成、转染、筛选出针对GM130的小干扰RNA片段.通过MTF、Transwell、Matrigel侵袭实验,观测下调GM130后对胃癌细胞株的生物学行为影响,Western blot检测细胞中MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白的变化.结果 Western blot和RT-PCR检测结果显示,在MKN-45、SGC-7901细胞中GM130蛋白和mRNA水平呈现高表达水平.Westem blot和qRT-PCR结果显示在低分化胃癌MKN-45细胞中,GM130-siRNA-519转染组GM130基因的表达水平显著抑制(P＜0.05).与对照组相比,抑制转染组细胞的增殖、迁移能力明显下降,穿膜细胞数明显减少,MMP-2、MMP-9的蛋白表达水平显著降低(P＜0.05).结论 抑制GM130基因的表达下调可显著降低胃癌细胞的增殖和体外侵袭转移能力.     

Rush钉矫治成骨不全儿童股骨畸形的疗效观察

目的探讨股骨多段截骨髓内钉固定矫治儿童成骨不全症所致股骨畸形的疗效,分析术后并发症的防治。方法 2007年1月至2013年12月,我院共收治成骨不全所致股骨畸形患儿28例,包括39根畸形股骨。年龄3岁7个月至14岁5个月,平均8岁4个月。术中将弯曲股骨行多段截骨矫形及髓内钉固定,平均截骨1.9(1~3)处,随机分为弹性针组与Rush钉组,其中20根股骨使用弹性髓内钉,19根股骨使用Rush钉。结果随访1年3个月至5年7个月,平均3年8个月。随访后期按Sanders评分标准评定髋关节功能:弹性针组优11例,良2例,中7例,差0例;Rush钉组优16例,良2例,中1例,差0例。结论多段截骨矫形后髓内钉内固定治疗儿童成骨不全所致股骨畸形,能有效矫正股骨弯曲畸形,改善下肢外观及力线关系,防止再骨折,提高患儿生活质量,效果明确。Rush髓内钉内固定效果满意,术后再骨折概率小,股骨不易再次弯曲变形,值得临床推广。