人精浆酸性磷酸酶对小鼠T淋巴细胞产生IL-2的影响

本文研究了从正常人精浆中分离纯化的酸性磷酸酶（ACP）对BALB／c小鼠脾脏细胞来源的T淋巴细胞产生IL-2的影响。本文采用MTT生物学测定法测IL-2活性。实验证明：人糖浆ACP对小鼠T淋巴细胞产生IL-2有明显的抑制作用（P＜0．05），并且抑制作用随ACP剂量的增加而增强。这说明了精浆中大量ACP是构成精浆免疫抑制功能的重要组成成份之一。     

超选择动脉栓塞治疗血管搏动性耳鸣（附2例报告）

采用数字减影血管造影技术超选择性动脉栓塞治愈２例血管搏动怀耳鸣，并就发病原因、机理、治疗措施、临床特征进行讨论。     

The effect of Rhodiola capsules on oxygen consumption of myocardium and coronary artery blood flow in dogs]

It has been proved that Rhodiola Capsules can obviously decrease the oxygen consumption of myocardium and oxygen consumption index in anesthetic dogs, decrease the coronary artery resistance, but have no marked effect on the coronary artery blood flow. The Capsules also have the function of decreasing blood presure and slowing heart rate.     

Three clusters of ciguatera poisoning: clinical manifestations and public health implications

Between July 1997 and August 1998 we investigated three clusters (26 cases) of ciguatera poisoning in the inner Sydney area. Tropical reef fish were implicated in each cluster. Most of those affected had musculoskeletal, neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms. The clusters raise questions about the need for rapid diagnosis and enhanced surveillance mechanisms, the regulation of fish supply, and the lack of testing facilities for ciguatera toxin.     

Incidence of adverse events after I.V injection of MR contrast agents in a Chinese population. A comparison between gadopentetate and gadodiamide

PURPOSE: To study the incidence of adverse events after i.v. injection of MR contrast agents in a Chinese population. A comparison was made between an ionic contrast agent (dimeglumine gadopentetate, Magnevist) and a non-ionic contrast agent (gadodiamide, Omniscan). MATERIAL AND METHODS: During a 24-month period, 2,049 Chinese patients who randomly received an i.v. bolus injection of either Magnevist or Omniscan were investigated. All patients were questioned for the presence of any generalized or localized adverse reaction on the following day after the MR examination according to a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: Three hundred and nine out of 2,049 patients (15%) reported an adverse event. There was a higher incidence of adverse events in patients receiving Magnevist as compared to those receiving Omniscan injection. All reported adverse events were clinically mild and required neither treatment nor hospitalization. CONCLUSION: There was a higher incidence of adverse reaction in patients receiving Magnevist than in those receiving Omniscan.     

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated synaptic potentials in rat neocortex

In the neocortex, fast excitatory synaptic transmission can typically be blocked by using excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor antagonists. In recordings from layer II/III neocortical pyramidal neurons, we observed an evoked excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) or current (EPSC) in the presence of EAA receptor antagonists (40-100 microM D-APV+20 microM CNQX, or 5 mM kynurenic acid) plus the GABA(A)-receptor antagonist bicuculline (BIC, 20 microM). This EAA-antagonist resistant EPSC was observed in about 70% of neurons tested. It had a duration of approximately 20 ms and an amplitude of 61.5+/-6.8 pA at -70 mV (n=35). The EAA-antagonist resistant EPSC current-voltage relation was linear and reversed near 0 mV (n=23). The nonselective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonists dihydro-beta-erythroidine (DH beta E, 100 microM) or mecamylamine (50 microM) reduced EPSC amplitudes by 42 (n=20) and 33% (n=9), respectively. EPSC kinetics were not significantly changed by either antagonist. Bath application of 10 microM neostigmine, a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, prolonged the EPSC decay time. EAA-antagonist resistant EPSCs were observed in the presence of antagonists of metabotropic glutamate, serotonergic (5-HT(3)) and purinergic (P2) receptors. The EAA-antagonist resistant EPSC appears to be due in part to activation of postsynaptic nAChRs. These results suggest the existence of functional synaptic nAChRs on pyramidal neurons in rat neocortex.     

Accelerated healing with a mesh autograft/allodermal composite skin graft treated with silver nylon dressings with and without direct current in rats

PURPOSE: Evaluation of the healing and persistence of a meshed composite skin graft applied without immunosuppression. METHODS: The contraction of wounds grafted with 9:1 split-thickness autograft/1.5:1 allodermal mesh composite skin grafts (auto/allo MCSGs) was investigated. No immunosuppressive agent was applied. Male ACI rats and female Lewis rats reciprocally served as allodermis graft donors and recipients. Autograft/dermal autograft and allograft/dermal allograft MCSGs were the controls. RESULTS:AT 3 months after grafting, when epithelized auto/allo MCSG wounds were measured by computerized morphometric analysis, the silver nylon (SN) dressing group displayed less contraction than the Vaseline (petroleum jelly) dressing group (p < 0.003), and direct current treatment (SNDC) was more effective than SN (p < 0.005). The histologic structures of the hair follicles appear to confine the rejection process to the allogeneic follicles of the graft. The focal nature of the rejection process and the relatively low antigenicity of the dermal matrix allowed the survival of the allodermis layer. Although direct current significantly enhanced MCSG healing, SN and SNDC were not the immunosuppressive agents that were confirmed. CONCLUSION: This type of MCSG can heal without immunosuppressive treatment.     

眼灌注压对人视乳头微循环的影响

目的 了解眼外负压吸引诱导的眼灌注压改变的条件下，正常人、原发性开角性青光眼(POAG)患者和正常眼压性青光眼患者(NTG)的视乳头微循环的变化，探讨视乳头局部自身调节的幅度。方法正常人8例，POAG患者10例和NTG患者7例，采用眼外负压杯吸引诱导眼压升高，负压增加的幅度为30s50mmHg，同时测量眼压。采用HRF测量视乳头处血流量。将基础状态下视乳头血流值作为基础值，当眼压升高到30mmHg和40mmHg时，分别测量这两点视乳头微循环的血流值，在40mmHg后解除负压吸引，测量负压吸引解除后1min、5min时视乳头微循环的血流值。结果 三组视乳头的基础血流量无明显差异。当眼压升高到30mmHg时，正常组的血流量仍维持稳定，但POAG组和NTG组明显下降，POAG组下降幅度超过25％，NTG组下降幅度超过45％。当眼压升高到40mmHg，正常组视乳头血流量也出现明显下降，其中0NHF下降约30％，POAG组和NTG组下降更明显，POAG组下降幅度超过50％，NTG组下降幅度超过65％。在解除负压吸引后1min，正常组血流量增加的幅度约为31％，POAG组增加约19％，NTG组无明显增加。在负压解除后5min，三组视乳头血流基本恢复到基础状态。结论 正常组视乳头微循环有一定范围的自身调节幅度，可以耐受眼灌注压一定程度的改变，POAG组和NTG组自身调节能力均有不同程度的损害。     

Immunohistochemical analysis of survivin expression in primary breast cancers.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, is expressed in fetal tissues but undetectable in normal adult tissues. It is also expressed in most common human cancers. This study evaluated the expression of survivin in breast cancers. METHODS: A monoclonal anti-survivin antibody B1 was generated. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in 226 paraffin sections of primary breast cancers and correlated with the patients' clinicopathological characteristics. RESULTS: Survivin was expressed in the cytoplasm of tumor cells in 59.3% of breast cancers. Expression of survivin was associated with high histologic grade (p = 0.027), high mitotic count (p = 0.014), positive p53 immunostaining (p = 0.012), neu overexpression (p = 0.018), and with bcl-2 (p = 0.001) and bak (p < 0.001) expression. No correlation was found between survivin expression and age, tumor size, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor or Bax expression. Survivin expression was not significantly associated with overall or disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Survivin expression is correlated with high histologic grade, high mitotic count, p53 overexpression, and bcl-2 expression in breast cancer. It does not have significance as a marker in predicting overall or disease-free survival.     

上海市产科质量管理的措施与效果

总结了近十年来上海市产科质量管理的工作情况，介绍了上海市产科质控的具体做法，包括：夯实产科质量管理的基础，打造健全的组织构架；重视产科质量管理的关键，进行过程结点的控制；关注产科质量的提升，进行结局信息的分析与反馈，并指导近远期行动计划的制订。同时介绍了由此取得的显著效果，包括：孕产妇死亡率的降低、接产机构准入标准的提高以及外来孕产妇分娩点建立后的初步成效。此外，对进一步改进孕产期保健、提高产科质量提出了建议。