吗啡导致猕猴海马神经元自发放电节律转变

目的 分析吗啡对猕猴海马神经元自发放电节律的影响。方法 分析注射吗啡后猕猴海马神经元自发放电节律变化情况，并用数学方法加以验证。结果 在吗啡作用下海马神经元自发放电节律会发生转变，纳络酮可以逆转这种转变，共观察到种转变形式。为了研究这种转变的动力学机制，用数学模型模拟吗啡对神经元自发放电节律的影响，得到了与在体实验一致的结果。结论 在吗啡作用下海马神经自发放电节律发生转变。利用数学模型研究发现节律转变的原因是吗啡改变了膜上钠，钾，超极化电流等离子通道的功能所致，节律转变的过程存在着混沌规律。     

Multiple Malignant Melanomas at Different Burn Scar Areas: A Case Report

Background. Malignant changes in burn scars occasionally develop, the majority being squamous cell carcinoma. Malignant melanomas (MMs) arising in burn scars occur rarely.
Objective. To present the case of a patient with a multiple MM developed at different burn scar areas.
Methods. A case report and review of literature are given.
Results. One was a large pigmented nodular lesion with central ulceration on right flank. It was widely excised and revealed lentigo MM. After that, we took notice another small pigmented lesion on right arm. It was also reported lentigo MM.
Conclusion. This case provided a valuable lesson. Another kind of tumor may be present even if one tumor is found by pathologic observation, especially in burn scar patients. Clinicians should carefully observe burn scars, chronic ulcers, and other pigmented lesions.     

木黄酮对白血病K562细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨木黄酮(genistein)抑制白血病K562细胞增殖的机制.方法:用噻唑蓝染色法检测genistein对K562细胞增殖的抑制作用;用流式细胞仪进行细胞周期解析,通过细胞形态学观察细胞分裂;应用RT-PCR方法检测白血病细胞WT1 mRNA表达.结果:Genistein浓度分别为2～30μg/ml作用K562细胞72 h,细胞增殖呈浓度依赖性受抑,与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.01),IC50=11.4μg/ml;细胞周期解析发现,浓度为30μg/ml的genistein作用K562细胞12 h,引起了明显的G2/M期阻滞,24 h后G2/M期细胞增至93%;细胞分裂指数与对照组比没有明显差别;30μg/ml genistein作用K562细胞24 h,3 h起WT1 mRNA表达开始降低,24 h时降至对照的30%.结论:genistein抑制K562细胞增殖,诱导G2期或M早期阻滞及下调WT1的表达.     

肝纤维化组织中MMP1、TIMP1的表达及其临床意义

目的 :检测肝纤维化组织中基质金属蛋白酶 1 (MMP1 )、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子 1 (TIMP1 )的表达 ,为肝纤维化的诊治提供重要的分子生物学指标。 方法 :采用链霉菌抗生物蛋白 -过氧化酶联接法 (S- P法 )检测70例肝纤维化组织中 MMP1 、TIMP1 的表达。结果:(1) TIMP1 蛋白阳性表达随肝纤维化程度的加重而增强 ,并且呈正相关关系 (r=0 .92 74 ,P <0 .0 1)。 (2 ) MMP1 蛋白阳性表达随肝纤维化程度的加重无明显变化 ,无相关关系(r =0 .2 181,P >0 .0 5 )。 结论:TIMP1 与肝纤维化的发生、发展密切相关 ,随纤维化发生、发展阳性表达增强。从分子水平对肝纤维化、肝硬化病变进行评估 ,为早期诊治肝纤维化和判断预后提供依据。     

Should cervical ultrasonography be a routine staging investigation for lung cancer patients with impalpable cervical lymph nodes?

OBJECTIVES: Detection of cervical N3 lymph nodes is currently not a routine preoperative investigation for lung cancer patients. We designed a study to assess if the frequency and accuracy of detection of metastatic cervical lymph nodes using cervical ultrasonography (US) and fine needle aspiration (FNA) justify their routine use in all lung cancer patients with impalpable cervical lymph nodes. METHODS: Fifty patients with suspected and potentially operable non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled. Patients with palpable cervical lymph nodes were excluded. In addition to routine preoperative investigations, all patients received cervical US to determine the presence of cervical lymph nodes. Nodes suspicious of harboring malignancy according to a specific set of sonographic criteria (which include shape, echogenicity, nodal architecture, and vascular patterns) were subjected to biopsy by ultrasound-guided FNA. RESULTS: Normal cervical lymph nodes were detected by cervical US in 30 patients (60%). Cervical lymph nodes suspicious of harboring malignancy were detected in 10 patients (20%). FNA confirmed cervical nodal metastasis in four of these patients (8%). The TNM staging of two patients (4%) was revised up to stage IIIb as a result, excluding them from further surgery. Cost analysis suggests this technique to be cost-effective when used as a routine preoperative investigation to exclude patients from unnecessary surgical intervention. No mortality or complications were encountered in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical US and FNA is a safe and cost-effective method of evaluating the status of impalpable cervical lymph nodes in lung cancer patients. Further study is warranted to establish the role of cervical US and FNA in lung cancer staging algorithms.     

Validation of the Taiwan Birth Registry using obstetric records.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Birth certificates are a major source of population-based data often used in maternal and child health research, but their value depends upon the level of accuracy of the data. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the birth registry data in Taiwan. METHODS: Obstetric records of a total of 2779 infants born at a municipal hospital in Taipei between 1995 and 1997 were abstracted and linked to the Taiwan Birth Registry (TBR). Concordance was presented by agreement percentages for various birth characteristics including gender, birth order, birth weight, and gestational age. Concordance was further assessed using Cohen's k and sensitivity/specificity for both birth weight and gestational age, with both variables categorized according to their customary definitions. RESULTS: Missing data for specific items in the TBR ranged from 0% (gender) to 1.6% (birth order). The birth registry accurately reported all 4 selected items, with the highest and lowest concordance percentage noted for gender (99.0%) and gestational age (88.3%), respectively. The level of agreement indicated by the Cohen's k statistic ranged from 0.92 to 0.96 for birth weight and gestational age when both variables were treated as categorical variables. CONCLUSIONS: The TBR showed a low rate of missing information and high levels of validity for the elements frequently used in maternal and child health research in Taiwan.     

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia in adults: four years' experience in a medical center in northern Taiwan.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has become an important nosocomial pathogen in immunocompromised patients in Taiwan. Patients with underlying diseases such as diabetes, uremia, and solid malignancy are extremely vulnerable to this organism. S. maltophilia bacteremia has a mortality rate of up to 62% if appropriate antibiotics are not instituted early. Knowledge of the risk factors for infection as well as local susceptibility patterns is helpful in determining which patients should receive empirical antibiotics active against S. maltophilia. This study assessed the characteristics of 50 episodes of S. maltophilia bacteremia in 48 patients admitted between March 3, 1999 and May 21, 2003. The new fluoroquinolone levofloxacin showed promising in vitro activity against S. maltophilia in view of the increasing resistance of isolates to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. For patients at risk for S. maltophilia infection, such as those receiving mechanical ventilation in the ICU or those with multiple vascular access devices, the need for antimicrobial agents to which S. maltophilia is normally sensitive should be considered in selecting empiric therapy.     

Role of 4-1BB in Allograft Rejection Mediated by CD8+ T Cells

Blockade of traditional costimulatory molecules fails to inhibit rejection in many models where CD8+ T cells are sufficient to mediate rejection. This observation demonstrates that in many settings CD8+ T cells are not dependent upon CD28 or CD154 signals to mediate rejection. 4-1BB (CD137) has been shown to be an important regulatory molecule for CD8+ T cells in a variety of nontransplant models. Here we show that blocking the 4-1BB pathway significantly inhibited rejection of intestinal allografts by CD8+ but not CD4+ T cells. This effect was associated with significantly decreased expression of the genes encoding TNFalpha and secondary lymphoid chemokine (SLC) within the spleens of recipient mice. Disruption of the 4-1BB pathway also impaired the priming of alloantigen-specific CD8+ T cells and the accumulation of recipient dendritic cells within the spleen. These data directly demonstrate an important role for 4-1BB in allograft rejection; particularly rejection mediated by CD8+ T cells. Our data suggest that in addition to providing a direct costimulatory signal to T cells, the 4-1BB pathway may regulate other important steps in the immune response such as the migration of T cells and dendritic cells.     

脐血单个核细胞在半固体培养基中向神经元样细胞的分化

为观察脐血单个核细胞在甲基纤维素半固体培养基中的生长情况 ,常规方法分离脐血单个核细胞 ,接种于含 SCF、GM-CSF、G-CSF、IL-3、IL-6、EPO的甲基纤维素半固体培养基中培养。第 5 d发现有 6～ 10个细胞组成的小集簇 ,散在分布 ,细胞形态无变化。第 11d有神经元样细胞生长 ,与集簇并存。以后神经元样细胞逐渐生长 ,但集簇生长停滞 ,第 16d仍未发现集落形成。收集细胞 ,进行神经元特异烯醇化酶 (NSE)、神经丝蛋白 (NF)免疫细胞化学测定 ,显示少量神经元样细胞 NSE、NF阳性。该结果提示在半固体培养基中 ,脐血单个核细胞可向神经元样细胞分化 ,传统的用于集落培养的半固体培养基可能也适合脐血中其它细胞成分的生长     

白细胞介素-1β对谷氨酸钠致痫大鼠海马Gs蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1β(Interleukin-1，IL-1β)在谷氨酸钠致痫大鼠中对海马兴奋性G-蛋白α亚基(stimulated G-protein α subunit，Gsα)蛋白表达的影响，为阐明IL-1β在致痫中的作用机制提供线索。方法 免疫组织化学方法结合行为观察(SD大鼠随机分为对照组、GluNa组、IL-1β GluNa组、rhIL-1ra IL1β GluNa组和D-AP-5 IL-1β GluNa组)。结果 行为观察显示，IL-1β GluNa组大鼠痫性发作潜伏期(平均2min)较其他组(平均6min)明显缩短，且发作程度(Ⅲ～Ⅳ级)较其他组(Ⅰ～Ⅲ级)严重；对照组无痫性发作。免疫组织化学染色显示，Gsα蛋白在海马各区均有表达，IL-1β GluNa组大鼠在齿状回、CAl区和CA3区Gsa表达较其他组明显增强。结论 IL-1β参与致痫，且在谷氨酸致痫中可能通过Gs蛋白介导发挥作用。