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31.
Evaluation of fluorescent antinuclear antibody assays, Crithidia luciliae substrate, and single-stranded DNA-binding capacity in diagnosis of four rheumatic diseases.
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Sera from groups of patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed connective tissue disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and progressive systemic sclerosis and normal controls were compared, using different antinuclear antibody assays. Hep-II cells, used as a substrate for the detection of antinuclear antibodies, appeared to be more sensitive than rat liver substrate. In addition, the fluorescent patterns were easier to identify on Hep-II cells. All systemic lupus erythematosus sera with antibodies reactive with kinetoplasts of Crithidia luciliae had binding greater than 43% for single-stranded DNA. Based on the high sensitivity of the Hep-II substrate and the relative specificity of high (greater than 43%) binding for single stranded DNA by sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, it appears that these two tests are most useful in differential diagnosis and for the detection of systemic lupus erythematosus. 相似文献
32.
Chia-Ying Liu Chih-Cheng Lai Hsiu-Tzy Chiang Min-Chi Lu Ling-Fang Wang Tsai-Ling Tsai Mei-Yu Kang Yi-Ni Jan Yi-Ting Lo Wen-Chien Ko Shu-Hui Tseng Chun-Ming Lee Po-Ren Hsueh 《Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection》2019,52(1):62-74
Background/purpose
This study investigated the distribution and persistence of multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) in six long-term care facilities (LTCFs).Methods
We investigated the distribution of MDROs in residents of six LTCFs and their environments from January to December 2016 (intervention period). Active surveillance of colonization of MDROs was performed by culturing rectal and nasal swab samples from the residents every three months. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was conducted, and genes for panton-valentine leukocidin (PVL) from MRSA isolates were determined.Results
A total of 521 samples were positive for MDROs, and MRSA was the most common organism (65.1%), followed by MDRAB (11.3%), carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.1%), carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (4.6%), and carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (2.1%, n = 11). By a linear regression model, positive MRSA isolates from the environment were found to be statistically significant and associated with the number of colonized LTCF residents (p = 0.01), while the timing of the surveillance culture was not (p = 0.227). The main MLST types associated with PVL-production were sequence type (ST) 59, (40.0%, 24/60), ST30 (21.4%, 3/14), ST8 (87.5%, 14/16), and ST45 (3.6%, 1/28). The susceptibility rates of tetracycline (96.7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (96.7%), and ciprofloxacin (81.7%) were statistically significant and higher in MRSA ST59, compared to the rates in MRSA ST45 isolates.Conclusions
MRSA was the most commonly colonized MDRO, both in the LTCF residents and in the environment, followed by MDRAB and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. 相似文献33.
H W Peng T S Su S H Han C K Ho C H Ho K N Ching B N Chiang 《Journal of medical virology》1988,24(4):405-412
In order to study the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the adult population of Taiwan, we screened for the presence of HBV DNA in 205 blood samples from adult (20-59-year-old) volunteers. According to the serological markers of HBV, samples were divided into three groups: group I (173 subjects) was negative for both HBsAg and HBeAg; group II (14 subjects) was positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg; and group III consisted of 18 subjects who were HBsAg-positive but HBeAg-negative. Plasma HBV DNA was not detected in group I, but it was found in 85.7% and 11.8% of samples in group II and group III, respectively. A free-form HBV DNA was found in 14.3% of the leukocyte samples in group II. Furthermore, an integrated form of HBV DNA was detected in the leukocytes of two cases of group I who remained healthy based on clinical data. HBV DNA was also detected in the spermatozoa and liver cells of one of the cases. 相似文献
34.
This study investigated the role of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) P2X receptors in the mediation of central sensitization induced in nociceptive neurons in subnucleus oralis (Vo) by mustard oil (MO) application to the tooth pulp in anesthetized rats. MO application produced a long-lasting central sensitization reflected in neuroplastic changes (i.e., increases in neuronal mechanoreceptive field size and responses to innocuous and noxious mechanical stimuli) in Vo nociceptive neurons. Twenty minutes after MO application, the intrathecal (i.t.) administration to the rostral Vc of the selective P2X(1), P2X(3), and P2X(2/3) receptor antagonist, 2'-(or 3'-)O-trinitrophenyl-ATP (TNP-ATP), significantly and reversibly attenuated the MO-induced central sensitization for more than 15 min; saline administration had no effect. Administration to the rostral Vc of the selective P2X(1), P2X(3), and P2X(2/3) receptor agonist, alpha,beta-methylene ATP (alpha,beta-meATP, i.t.) produced abrupt and significant neuroplastic changes in Vo nociceptive neurons, followed by neuronal desensitization as evidenced by the ineffectiveness of a second i.t. application of alpha,beta-meATP and subsequent MO application to the pulp. Administration to the rostral Vc of the selective P2X(1) receptor agonist beta,gamma-methylene ATP (beta,gamma-meATP, i.t.) produced no significant neuroplastic changes per se and did not affect the subsequent MO-induced neuroplastic changes in Vo nociceptive neurons. These results suggest that P2X(3) and possibly also the P2X(2/3) receptor subtypes in Vc may play a role in the initiation and maintenance of central sensitization in Vo nociceptive neurons induced by MO application to the pulp. 相似文献
35.
Spontaneous autoimmune disease in NZB and (NZB x NZW)F1 (B/W) mice is associated with a spectrum of lymphoproliferative abnormalities, but the relationship between autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation is poorly understood. Lymphomas occur commonly in NZB mice, but they appear to be rare in B/W mice, perhaps because B/W mice die of murine lupus before the lymphomas are evident. We recently reported that autoimmune disease in B/W mice could be reversed by weekly treatment with monoclonal antibodies to the L3T4 antigen on "helper/inducer" T cells. This has enabled us to examine the evolution of lymphoproliferation in B/W mice that survive beyond the usual life span, both in long-term survivors of treatment with anti-L3T4 and in the occasional B/W mouse that spontaneously survives beyond 1 year of age. We find that all of these mice develop marked proliferation of a distinct subpopulation of B cells that express the Ly-1 antigen in low density. These Ly-1+ B cells account for a 2-10-fold increase in the number of splenic, lymph node and peripheral blood lymphocytes. The Ly-1 B cells in individual mice are restricted in their expression of immunoglobulin light chains, suggesting a clonal origin. NZB mice. develop similar proliferation of Ly-1 B cells, suggesting that this is due to underlying genetic and/or viral factors in NZB and B/W mice, and that it is not the result of treatment with anti-L3T4. Although recent studies have implicated Ly-1 B cells in the production of autoantibodies, proliferation of Ly-1 B cells in B/W mice was not associated with production of anti-DNA antibodies or with any paraprotein. 相似文献
36.
H M Dockrell S K Young K Britton P J Brennan B Rivoire M F Waters S B Lucas F Shahid M Dojki T J Chiang Q Ehsan K P McAdam R Hussain 《Infection and immunity》1996,64(10):4385-4389
Twelve mycobacterial antigens were compared for induction of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) secretion by human blood mononuclear cells of patients with leprosy. Fractionated Mycobacterium leprae antigens containing cell wall proteins or cytosolic and membrane proteins induced good IFN-gamma responses in tuberculoid leprosy patients. Lipoarabinomannan from M. tuberculosis Erdman and M. leprae mycolylarabinogalactan peptidoglycan were the poorest IFN-gamma inducers. 相似文献
37.
Bilateral simultaneous tubal sextuplets: pregnancy after in-vitro fertilization--embryo transfer following salpingectomy 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
The presence of a damaged tube has been suggested in recent studies to have
a negative effect on in-vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. Performing
bilateral salpingectomy prior to IVF to maximize pregnancy rates may also
result in unnecessary surgery. This case is also an example of the
occurrence of interstitial pregnancy after salpingectomy. This unusual type
of ectopic pregnancy must be kept in mind when evaluating a patient
suspected of a possible early abnormal gestation after assisted
reproductive technolologies.
相似文献
38.
39.
Shyh Ren Chiang Hung Jen Tang Ping Chin Chang Kuo Chen Cheng Wen Chien Ko Chung Hua Chen Yin Ching Chuang 《Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection》2007,40(2):123-133
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vibrio vulnificus causes primary bacteremia and necrotizing wound infection, leading to high morbidity and mortality in humans. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of cefotaxime and minocycline on proinflammatory cytokine levels in a murine model of V. vulnificus infection. METHODS: We investigated the dynamics of proinflammatory cytokines and their modulation by antimicrobial agents using a murine model of V. vulnificus infection. The change in cytokine levels was followed over a time course to identify the antimicrobial activity of the drugs against V. vulnificus. BALB/c female mice were challenged with an intraperitoneal infection using a clinical invasive isolate of Vv05191, and their cytokine levels were assayed over various time points. RESULTS: Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and IL-6 post-infection were found to be inoculum dose-dependent and positively correlated to the subsequent fatality rate in the infected mice. With an inoculum of 6.6 x 10(6) colony-forming units and intraperitoneal administration of cefotaxime, minocycline, or both, the serum and peritoneal fluid cytokine levels increased and then declined gradually. Comparison of the 3 antimicrobial regimens revealed that the magnitude of reduction in cytokine levels was greatest in mice treated with cefotaxime-minocycline combination. Moreover, the peritoneal fluid cytokine level in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the groups treated with minocycline or cefotaxime alone. CONCLUSIONS: The current results support the superiority of the combination therapy in treating invasive V. vulnificus infections. 相似文献
40.
Mao-Tsair Lin Yin-Hsiu Chien Shyh-Dar Shyur Li-Hsin Huang Yi-Chi Chiang Da-Chin Wen Pei-Hsuan Liang Hwai-Chih Yang 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2006,96(5):744-748
BACKGROUND: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), characterized by a profound deficiency of all immunoglobulins and the absence of mature B cells, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK). Most patients have recurrent sinopulmonary infection. Infections usually occur in multiple locations across time, but single infection may be limited to one anatomic location. OBJECTIVES: To report a case of atypical XLA with recurrent pyoderma and to observe the immunologic changes in the patient in 10 years. METHODS: Immunologic investigations, skin wound culture, and molecular study with DNA sequencing were performed. RESULTS: The patient was originally diagnosed as having common variable immunodeficiency disease because of the presence of circulating B cells (CD19+ B cells: 7%) at 11 years old. On further evaluation at the age of 20 years, flow cytometric analysis of lymphocytes showed only 0.4% B cells. The molecular study with DNA sequencing of the patient showed a point mutation in complementary DNA 1630 A>G(p.R544G) in the BTK gene, indicating that the patient has XLA. The mutation analysis of the BTK gene revealed a normal DNA sequence in the other family members. CONCLUSIONS: This case is an important example of a possible presentation of XLA with a predominant skin manifestation, and it demonstrates that maintaining a high level of clinical suspicion is essential for the diagnosis of XLA in a child with recurrent pyoderma. 相似文献