噻芬太尼的主要药效和致依赖性潜力的实验研究

本文研究噻芬太尼的镇痛药效和制动作用,评价其致身体依赖性潜力。小鼠热板法测得噻芬太尼的镇痛作用强度分别为吗啡、芬太尼和埃托啡的3260,22和1.5倍。以瘫痪作为制动指标测得噻芬太尼对大鼠、家兔、狗和猴制动作用强度为埃托啡的2～3倍。小鼠跳跃实验和大鼠饮药液自然戒断实验表明该药具有一定致身体依赖性潜力。大鼠ⅳ快速成瘾实验及长达20周的猴身体依赖性实验则未出现依赖性戒断症状。     

Epitopic mapping of different mycobacteria with the use of monoclonal antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies reacting with different mycobacteria are prepared. They are used for epitopic mapping ofMycobacteria tuberculosis H37Rv, M. bovis bovinus 8, M. avium, M. kansasii, andM. smegmatis. On the basis of the epitope maps 129 cultures of mycobacteria were identified by immunoblotting with the antibodies. The results of this identification coincided with those of microbiological investigation in 61.5–80% cases, depending on the genus of mycobacteria. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 3, pp. 329–331, March, 1997     

Transcatheter embolization in the management of pulmonary hemorrhage

A group of 306 patients with acute pulmonary hemorrhage were evaluated by means of bronchial arteriography and treated with transcatheter embolization. Specific causes for bleeding included lung abscess, chronic pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and bronchiectasis. In 120 patients the hemoptysis was massive, with volumes exceeding 500 ml/day. The majority (n = 225) were treated during peak hemorrhage. Embolization was performed with one of three methods: particulate embolization with polyurethane or velour, obturation with the angiographic catheter combined with peripheral embolization by means of infused albumin macroaggregates, and regional infusion of sclerosing agents. Effective hemostasis was obtained initially in 278 patients (90.8%), including 87.5% of those treated during peak hemorrhage. In 26 of 28 cases without initial response, the pulmonary artery was the source of bleeding. Recurrent bleeding, within 1-4 days, requiring surgery was observed in 39 patients with initially successful hemostasis. Of 158 patients who were treated without surgery, subsequent episodes of hemoptysis occurred in 36. Combined methods of embolization may improve the efficacy of treatment of operable and inoperable patients with lung disease complicated by hemorrhage.     

结肠冗长症手术治疗及自拟爽府汤预防复发的疗效观察

目的探讨结肠冗长症手术治疗方法以及自拟爽府汤在其术后的应用效果。方法将我院结肠冗长症患者40例随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组给予常规外科手术治疗,在此基础上观察组术后联合自拟爽府汤联合西药治疗,随访评估两者远期治疗效果。结果术后6个月观察组总有效率为100%,对照组为100%,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后随访2年,观察组总有效率仍为100%,复发率为0%;对照组总有效率为68.42%,复发率为31.58%;两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论单纯外科治疗结肠冗长症远期复发率高,联合自拟爽府汤可有效降低复发率。