Enhanced expression of C chemokine lymphotactin in IgA nephropathy

Leukocyte accumulation in the kidney is observed in patients with IgA nephropathy. Chemokines are a large family of cytokines chemotactic for leukocytes and have been shown to be upregulated in renal diseases. We previously reported that the gene expression of lymphotactin, a sole member of C chemokine subfamily, is enhanced in an animal model of crescentic glomerulonephritis, but its expression in human renal diseases is totally unknown. In the present study, we investigated the expression of mRNAs of lymphotactin and some other chemokines in IgA nephropathy. The expression of mRNAs for three chemokines, lymphotactin, MCP-1, and MIP-1beta, in renal cortex was increased and the levels of lymphotactin and MCP-1 mRNAs were statistically higher in patients with glomerular crescents than in those without crescents. These levels also correlated with tubulointerstitial changes and urinary protein excretion. Glomerular levels of mRNAs for lymphotactin and MCP-1, but not MIP-1beta, were higher in IgA nephropathy than controls. By immunohistochemical analysis, lymphotactin was detected in tryptase-positive cells (putative mast cells) in the interstitial space. These results suggest that lymphotactin, as well as MCP-1, may contribute to leukocyte infiltration and disease progression in IgA nephropathy.     

Human umbilical cord blood serum in culture medium on oocyte maturation In vitro

In vitro maturation (IVM) of immature oocytes for infertile patients is an attractive treatment. It can avoid side effects of ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins. However, at the present the successful results of IVM treatment are lower than conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. The key issue may be the IVM medium for immature oocyte maturation. In the present study, we compared 20% (v/v) human follicular fluid (hFF) and 20% (v/v) human umbilical cord serum (hUS) as a supplement to IVM medium. A total of 47 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) underwent 47 IVM treatment cycles. Immature oocytes (349) collected from 32 patients were cultured in IVM medium supplemented with hFF, and immature oocytes (160) collected from 15 patients were culture in IVM medium supplemented with hUS. The results indicate that the final maturation rate of oocytes cultured in IVM medium supplemented with hUS (93.8%) is significantly higher than those cultured in IVM medium supplemented with hFF (77.1%). The percentage of high-quality embryos produced from IVM medium supplemented with hUS (50.0%) is significantly higher than IVM medium supplemented with hFF (23.8%). In addition, the results also indicate that the final maturation rate of oocytes is higher in IVM medium supplemented with hUS and the time course of oocyte maturation is hastened. Following transfer 6 out of 15 patients (40.0%) become pregnant when IVM medium was supplemented with hUS, and 7 out of 31 patients (22.6%) were pregnant when IVM medium was supplemented with hFF. These results suggest that IVM medium containing hUS appears to be a more effective means to stimulate in vitro oocyte maturation and is capable of achieving a promising clinical outcome.     

肾盏切开联合经肾实质气压弹道碎石治疗复杂鹿角形结石

目的探讨肾盏切开联合经肾实质气压弹道碎石治疗复杂鹿角形结石的疗效。方法电刀切开积水较重的肾盏,气压弹道碎石杆对准结石碎石后分块取出。盏颈口狭窄但肾盏积水不严重者,将直径1 mm气压弹道碎石杆于肾实质处刺入结石位置,将肾盏内结石击碎后从盏颈口取出。结果19例均未阻断肾蒂,手术时间90-150 min,平均120 min。术中出血量100-250 ml,未输血。17例一次取石成功,术后无结石残余;1例术中残余泥沙状结石,术后经肾造瘘管冲洗引流排出;1例肾盏结石术中取石遗漏,术后经ESWL碎石后排净结石。15例随访10-60个月,平均18个月,结石复发2例,体外震波碎石后排净结石。结论肾盏切开联合经肾实质气压弹道碎石治疗复杂性鹿角形结石出血少,疗效可靠。     

微创经皮钢板骨桥接术联合锁定加压钛板治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的探讨微创经皮钢板骨桥接术（minimallyi nvasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis，MIPPO）联合锁定加压钛板（locking compression plate，LCP）治疗胫骨远端骨折的近期疗效。方法2004年6月～2006年3月采用MIPPO联合LCP治疗胫骨远端骨折16例，AO分型：43A1型7例，43A3型5例，43B1型2例，43C3型2例。采用3种方法复位胫骨骨折后插入LCP，用锁定螺钉固定。结果16例随访5～20个月，平均11，5月。16例切口一期愈合，骨折无延迟愈合、畸形愈合、断钉、断板等并发症。术后X线检查4～12周（平均7．6周）骨痂形成并开始部分负重，8～20周骨性愈合（平均16周），此时开始完全负重。3例出现胫骨远端内植物局部不适。根据美国足踝骨科学会评分系统对踝关节功能评分，优14例（87．5％），良2例（12，5％）。结论MIPPO具有创伤小、固定牢靠、可早期功能锻炼等优点，近期疗效满意，是治疗胫骨远端骨折的有效方法。     

Possible role of hydrogen sulfide on the preservation of donor rat hearts

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to observe the preservative effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on donor rat hearts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hearts of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused on a Langendorff perfusion column for 30 minutes. We calculated and recorded the left ventricular-developed pressure (LVDP), and positive and negative derivatives of left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP; +dP/dt and -dP/dt). Hearts were then arrested and stored for 6 hours at 4 degrees C: group 1, Krebs-Henseleit (KH) solution; group 2, KH solution with 1 micromol/L NaHS; group 3, KH solution with 1 micromol/L NaHS and 10 micromol/L glibenclamide; group 4, St. Thomas II solution. Hearts were transferred back to the Langendorff column. After stabilizing for 30 minutes, LV performance was assessed as before. The donor hearts were kept for pathological study including myocardial water ratio, ATP content, and myocyte apoptosis index. RESULTS: The recovery rates of +dp/dtmax, -dp/dtmax, and LVDP of groups 2 and 4 were much better than those of groups 1 and 3. The hearts contracted immediately after reperfusion in group 4. Ventricular fibrillation was seen before contraction in the other 3 groups, with the longest duration in group. No significant difference in myocardial water ratio was found. The ATP content was the highest in group 2. Apoptosis was observed in the 4 groups with the lowest apoptosis index in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: H2S has a protective effect on rat donor hearts at the concentration of 1 micromol/L. The protective effect is better than that of St. Thomas II solution. The protective effect of H2S can be blocked by glibenclamide.     

骨外固定技术治疗复杂骨不连与骨缺损

目的：改进合并广泛软组织瘢痕,感染,骨缺损及肢体短缩骨不连的治疗。方法：总结1982－1999年采用骨外固定技术治疗112例骨不连的体会。所有骨不连均采用半环槽式外固定器行骨断端加压固定,对合并骨缺损及肢体短缩的部分病例,根据局部是否感染,感染静止与否,及肢体短缩的幅度,同期或二期行干骺端截骨延长术,在骨不连加压固定的同时或骨不连愈合后,重建肢体长度。结果：112例骨不连最终均达到骨性愈合。34例感染性骨不连伤口感染得到控制。非感染性骨不连骨愈合时间3－7个月,平均5．2个月;感染性骨不连骨愈合时间5－11个月,平均5．5个月。伴有肢体短缩的骨缺损,骨不连11例同期,8例二期重建了肢体长度,达到了肢体长度均衡。结论：采用骨外固定技术和治疗此类骨不连,由于在远离病灶的部位穿针固定,加上避开瘢痕组织显露骨不连断端,对骨不连断端的血循环及成骨潜力干扰小;不切除硬化骨质,亦不凿通髓腔及骨断端适当的修整,可在增加骨折固定稳定性的同时进一步避免肢体短缩;加压外尤其采用细钢针交叉穿放的弹性固定有利于骨折愈事;同期或二期行干骺端截骨延长有效的重建了肢体长度,达到了肢体长度均衡。     

CLIP评分系统对评价手术切除肝癌预后的意义

目的 探讨CLIP评分系统对判断手术切除肝癌预后的意义。方法 回顾分析1986年1月－1998年6月174例肝细胞肝癌切除病例的临床资料,其中153例获,治愈性切除,并随访3年以上,以影像学发现肿瘤复发及患者死亡或末次随访日期为截点确定无瘤生存时间。以术后3年内是否复发分为早期复发（≤3年复发）、后期复发（＞3年）及未复发3组,确定复发危险因素。统计学处理采用SPSS8.0 for windows软件包,复发危险因素采用卡方检验（Pearson‘s或确切概率法）,生存期采用Kalain-Meier法,Long-ran比较生存曲线,多因素分析采用COX比例风险模型,以双侧α=0.05为统计学差异显著指标。结果 本组术后1、3、5、7、10年无瘤生存率分别为57.2%、28.3%、23.5%、18.8%及17.8%。与肿瘤早期复发相关因素为根治性切除、手术切缘、肿瘤大小、有否卫星结节、血管癌栓、肿瘤大体形态、肿瘤侵犯程度、TNM分期及CLIP评分;与后期复发相关因素为Child分级、CLIP评分。生存曲线比较单因素中,Child分级、根治性切除、手术切缘、肿瘤大小、有否卫星结节、血管癌栓、肿瘤大体形态、肿瘤侵犯程度、TNM分期及CLIP评分系统与预后有关;多因素COX比较仅根治性切除、手术切缘、TNM分期与预后有关。结论 CLIP评分系统由兼顾了肿瘤及肝功能两方面因素,在预测肿瘤复发及预后方面显示出其独特优势,是评价切除HCC复发及预后的有效工具。同时CLIP评分系统可作为“事前的”分期系统,对治疗方案的选择也有一定的意义。     

峡部植骨修复拉力螺钉张力带固定治疗青少年下腰椎峡部裂

目的　探讨青少年下腰椎峡部裂的治疗中直接峡部植骨修复拉力螺钉张力带固定手术方法及其价值。　方法　共 12例 ,年龄范围 12 0～ 2 6 0岁 ,平均 18 4岁。术中暴露峡部并清理缺损区的纤维组织 ,分别切除两侧 1 0～ 2 0mm骨质 ,暴露新鲜骨界面 ,间隙内植入髂骨块 ,以椎板下缘中线旁开 8mm为进钉点 ,向头端和外侧各 30°倾斜安装长度 35 0～ 4 5 0mm ,直径 3 5mm钛质拉力螺钉 ,穿越峡部缺损和植骨块直至穿透椎弓根的外上缘皮质并紧固。峡部缺损表面植入条状植骨条 ,采用高强度尼龙线在螺钉尾部和横突基底部间形成张力带结构 ,关闭切口并留置负压引流。手术后石膏腰围固定 2个月。　结果　手术平均时间为 (10± 5 5 )min ,失血量为 170ml,术后随访 12～ 36个月 ,平均 17个月 ,所有修复的 2 2个峡部均在术后 3个月愈合。　结论　峡部植骨修复拉力螺钉张力带固定治疗青少年下腰椎峡部裂是一种简单、安全、可靠的术式 ,结合了生物力学和生物学过程 ,具有创伤小和保留病变节段运动功能的优点。     

腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除保肛治疗低位直肠癌

目的：探索腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除（TME）低位、超低位前切除治疗低位直肠癌的可行性。方法：按TME原则、用双钉合技术（DST）,在腹腔镜下对62例低位直肠癌患者实施TME、DST低位、超低位结肠-肛肠吻合术。结果：手术时间11-210min,平均125min;术中出血5-80ml,平均20ml;术后1-2d恢复胃肠功能并下床活动,住院时间5-14d,平均8d。1例患者因凝血障碍中转开腹,其他61例患者手术顺利。术后疼痛剂应用28例,除1例吻合口漏、1例尿潴留外,其余患者未见术中及术后并发症。结论：腹腔镜TME、低位、超低位吻合术治疗低位直肠癌,创伤小、保肛率高、术后疼痛轻、恢复快,是极具应用前景的微创新技术。     

腹腔镜多脏器联合手术48例报告

目的　探讨腹腔镜多脏器联合手术临床应用的可行性。　方法　回顾分析从 2 0 0 0年 8月至2 0 0 1年 11月 4 8例腹腔镜多脏器联合手术的临床资料。　结果　全部病例无中转开腹 ,无并发症。与单器官腹腔镜手术者比较 ,术后平均留院时间相近。 (6 1± 1 2 )d对 (5 3± 1 4 )d。　结论　腹腔镜多脏器联合手术能有效地处理腹腔内多个病灶。