双酚A对雄性小鼠生殖细胞凋亡作用

目的研究双酚A（BPA）对雄性小鼠生殖细胞的凋亡作用.方法选择雄性昆明种小鼠,连续5d双酚A腹腔注射,剂量为0,250,500,1000μmol/kg.分别于首次染毒后的第7和14d每组随机处死7只小鼠.用流式细胞仪测定其睾丸细胞周期,称睾丸重量及计算小鼠脏器系数,测定睾丸组织中一氧化氮（NO）含量和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）的活性.结果不同剂量组睾丸细胞各时相的细胞百分数发生变化,G0/G1和S期细胞百分数明显减少,G2＋M期时相的细胞百分数逐渐增加,Ap峰所占比例增加,染毒组睾丸脏器系数低于对照组,NO含量和NOS的活性均高于对照组,染毒组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义.结论双酚A可使雄性小鼠睾丸细胞的DNA合成受抑制,使睾丸细胞出现G2期阻滞,有丝分裂延迟,使进入M期的细胞百分数减少,表明双酚A对小鼠生殖细胞有凋亡作用.同时,NO、NOS指标的升高也反映了小鼠生殖细胞受损与脂质过氧化有关.     

Psammocarcinoma of the ovary: a case report and review of the literature

Psammocarcinoma is a rare form of serous carcinoma of the ovary, associated with extensive psammoma body formation and invasion of surrounding structures. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with a highly calcified abdominopelvic mass and a raised CA-125 marker and who, following a full staging laparotomy, was diagnosed with stage IIIB ovarian psammocarcinoma. Serous ovarian psammocarcinoma is characterized by massive psammoma body formation, and despite the limited number of cases reported, it appears that the clinical prognosis is much more favorable than for the usual serous carcinomas and is similar to that of serous borderline lesions of the ovary. A summary of all the reported cases is provided to highlight the clinical and prognostic features of this rare tumor.     

人腹膜微血管内皮细胞的原代培养

目的 分离和培养人腹膜微血管内皮细胞.方法 取非炎症且非转移性肿瘤患者施行腹部外科手术的大网膜组织,经Ⅰ型胶原酶消化,两次筛网过滤、离心等步骤获取人微血管段,接种24 h待内皮细胞从微血管段爬出贴壁后,去除微血管段获得内皮细胞进行传代培养.组织形态学观察及免疫组化法鉴定所培养的细胞.结果 运用此法进行的原代培养,血细胞在换液和传代过程中被去除,成纤维细胞污染被减至最少;组织形态学观察显示内皮细胞呈铺路石样生长,免疫组化鉴定表明Ⅷ因子阳性;证实所培养的细胞为人腹膜微血管内皮细胞,其纯度较高,生长状态良好.结论 实验成功分离和培养了人腹膜微血管内皮细胞,为体外研究腹膜透析的病理生理学改变,提供了细胞来源.     

罗格列酮钠片治疗糖尿病成本效果分析

目的：以罗格列酮钠新药临床试验资料探索性的进行药物经济学分析。方法：药物经济学分析方法采用CEA法，且进行了敏感性分析。结果：以本研究专家假定成本计算，罗格列酮钠组治疗12周平均期望成本为527．7元，而马来酸罗格列酮组期望成本为1034．8元；罗格列酮钠治疗使糖化血红蛋白减少一个单位需成本5245元人民币。马来酸罗格列酮治疗需8225元人民币。敏感性分析结果提示当罗格列酮钠价格接近马来酸罗格列酮的价格时两药品的成本效果才相当。结论：与马来酸罗格列酮相比罗格列酮钠是糖尿病患者治疗的优选方案；本研究可为类似药物经济学研究提供方法学借鉴。     

电阻抗断层成像脑出血模型的仿真研究

目的：建立脑出血有限元模型,对其进行电阻抗断层成像仿真研究.方法：基于4层同心圆头模型,利用有限元方法和动态NOSER算法重构成像.结果：单病灶脑出血模型的病灶能够被准确重构呈现,而多病灶模型中邻近病灶间的边界重构较为模糊.结论：动态NOSER算法是一种有效检测脑出血的电阻抗断层成像方法.     

MRI临床应用新进展

磁共振成像设备的飞速发展为许多高端新技术在临床的应用奠定了基础，很好地解决了临床应用过程中的伪影和心血管成像等难题，在心脏的冠脉成像、血管造影成像、弥散和灌注成像、磁共振波谱、以及功能磁共振成像等方面均取得了令人瞩目的进展，大大地满足了临床与科研的需要。     

针刺益气养阴活血法治疗糖尿病周围神经病变机制的实验研究

目的:探讨针刺对糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变的治疗作用和机制。方法:对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠取穴脾俞、肾俞、三阴交、足三里,隔日针刺1次,每次30 min,针刺治疗8周后测定大鼠感觉神经传导速度(SNCV)、热痛域,坐骨神经能够内山梨醇、一氧化氮(NO)和Na -K -ATPase活性。结果:糖尿病大鼠SNCV明显减慢,热痛域值明显升高;坐骨神经内山梨醇升高、NO降低,Na -K -ATPase活性降低,与正常组比较差异显著(P<0.05或0.01)。针刺治疗可使上述改变减轻,与糖尿病模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05或0.01)。结论:针刺治疗通过降低实验性糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经内山梨醇含量,防止NO降低和Na -K -ATPase活性下降,可有效恢复其神经传导速度、热痛域等神经障碍,为治疗DPN的有效方法。     

Restoration of body temperature to normothermia during resuscitation following trauma-hemorrhage improves the depressed cardiovascular and hepatocellular functions

HYPOTHESIS: Rewarming the body to 37 degrees C during resuscitation following trauma-hemorrhage has salutary effects on cardiovascular and hepatocellular functions. DESIGN, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Male rats underwent laparotomy (trauma induced) and were then bled to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg until 40% of the maximum shed blood volume was returned in the form of Ringer lactate solution. Rats were exposed to ambient temperature and allowed to become hypothermic during hemorrhage. The animals were then resuscitated with 4 times the volume of shed blood with Ringer lactate solution for 60 minutes. In 1 group, the body temperature was rewarmed to 37 degrees C during resuscitation. In another group, the body temperature was maintained at hypothermia (32 degrees C) for 4 hours after resuscitation. In an additional group, the body temperature was kept at 37 degrees C during hemorrhage and resuscitation. At 4 hours after resuscitation, the rats were returned to a room with ambient temperature. Various in vivo heart performance variables (maximal rate of pressure increase and decrease), cardiac output, hepatocellular function, and plasma IL-6 level were determined at 24 hours after resuscitation. RESULTS: Either maintenance of normothermia during hemorrhage or prolonged hypothermia following resuscitation had deleterious effects on cardiovascular variables and hepatocellular function and up-regulated plasma IL-6 levels. In contrast, rewarming the body to 37 degrees C during resuscitation improved cardiac contractility, cardiac output, and hepatocellular function and reduced plasma IL-6 level. CONCLUSION: Since rewarming the body temperature to normothermia during resuscitation improved depressed cardiovascular and hepatocellular functions, this should be considered as a useful adjunct to fluid resuscitation after trauma-hemorrhage.     

桦木酸对人肿瘤细胞的抗癌活性筛选

目的研究桦木酸(betulinic acid,BetA)对9种人肿瘤细胞的作用。方法采用噻唑兰(MTT)比色法测定KB(口腔上皮癌细胞)、OVCAR(卵巢癌细胞)、Bcap-37(乳腺癌细胞)、A2780(卵巢癌细胞)、HT-29(大肠癌细胞)、LS-1747(结肠腺癌细胞)、SMMC-7721(肝癌细胞)、PC-14(肺癌细胞)、K562(白血病细胞)对桦木酸及常用抗癌药cDDP(顺铂)、Taxol(紫杉醇)的敏感性。结果KB细胞对BetA最为敏感(IC50为11.6μmol.L-1),其次为LS-1747(IC50为12.5μmol.L-1)、SMMC-7721(IC50为25.0μmol.L-1)。结论桦木酸可以用作特异性的细胞增殖抑制剂。     

巨噬细胞泡沫化抑制剂的研究进展

胆固醇酯蓄积的巨噬细胞(泡沫细胞)是早期动脉粥样硬化斑块的主要组成和特征。它通过其细胞表面的多种受体无限制地摄取氧化型低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)颗粒及其他配体,结果在巨噬细胞内有大量的胆固醇酯和三酰甘油蓄积,使巨噬细胞发展成为泡沫细胞。因此,通过各种途径抑制这种在巨噬细胞的过量脂质蓄积,可以起到预防和治疗动脉粥样硬化的作用。